3,737 research outputs found
Democracy in Pakistan: Value Change and Challenges of Institution Building
No full textDemocracy as a system of governance and interest representation demands respect for dissent and opposition. It recognises the principle of majority rule and guarantees protection of minorities. Democracy also builds faith in electoral contestation to gain public office and gives legitimacy to political parties as primary instruments for acquisition and transfer of power from one set of individuals to another. Unfortunately, despite the significance of the above elements, no serious studies have been undertaken on Pakistan’s experimentation with democracy. Given a history of weak party system and prolonged military rule, most of the studies focus on the military, political parties, constitutional history, or in a descriptive way, attribute the failure of democracy to the inadequacies of the politicians [Ahmed (1987); Rizvi (1987); Callard (1957) and Afzal (1976)]. It is only recently that some theoretically meaningful and rigorous empirical writings have appeared on elections, procedures and practices of electoral contestation and on problems of transition from authoritarian regimes towards democracy [Waseem (1989); Wilder (1995); Talyor (1992); Rais (1997) and Shafqat (1997)]. It merits attention and recognition that among the Muslim states and developing world, Pakistan is one of those few states, where people have shown vigour and some vitality to adopt a democratic parliamentary system and through popular mass movements demonstrated disapproval of military dictatorships. An enduring feature of Pakistani culture, history and politics has been an aspiration for democracy [Hugh and Rose (1997)]. The passion for democracy continues to resurge, despite ethnic, social class, religious cleavages, strong authoritarian tendencies and prolonged military rule.
The internalization of character education values and the concept of happiness through the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani: Children's literature study
No full textThe surge in juvenile delinquency cases proves that character education plays an important role in shaping an individual’s personality. Character education values also contribute an individual’s understanding and creation of happiness. This research aims to (1) present the values of character education in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan"; (2) describe the concept of happiness in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The primary data source in this research was from a short story titled "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources were references from articles, journals, and other relevant literature to the discussion in this research. The data collection technique used the read and note method. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the analysis model from Milles and Huberman by conducting data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research found (1) 21 instances of character education values, with 6 religious values, 2 honesty, 2 curiosity, 2 friendliness/communicativeness, 3 love of peace, and 6 responsibility. (2) The concept of happiness was found in 5 instances, with 2 involving knowledge of God and nature, and 3 involving moral actions and affection. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that children's literature is not only used for entertainment but also as an educational tool, such as instilling the values of character education and the concept of happiness for children. Moreover, children's literature can also influence character formation and psychological development in children
Konsep ayat-ayat riba dalam Al-Qur'an menggunakan Hermeneutika Abdullah Saeed: Analisis bunga bank konvensional
No full textPenelitian ini mengkaji permasalahan utama dalam diskursus ekonomi Islam, yaitu perdebatan mengenai status hukum riba dan bunga bank konvensional. Meskipun Al-Qur'an secara tegas melarang riba, relevansinya dalam praktik perbankan modern masih menjadi isu kompleks yang memerlukan pemahaman kontekstual yang mendalam. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penafsiran ayat-ayat riba dalam Al-Qur'an menggunakan metode hermeneutika Abdullah Saeed dan menganalisis relevansi pandangan beliau terhadap hukum bunga bank konvensional.
Kerangka berpikir penelitian ini didasarkan pada pendekatan hermeneutika kontekstual Abdullah Saeed, yang membedakan antara hukum spesifik yang responsif terhadap situasi partikular dan nilai etis universal. Pendekatan ini berupaya mengidentifikasi illah (sebab hukum) di balik pelarangan riba, yang menurut Saeed adalah zulm` (kezaliman, penindasan, dan eksploitasi). Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif, melalui studi kepustakaan (library research). Data primer bersumber dari ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an dan karya-karya Abdullah Saeed, khususnya "Interpreting The Qur’an: Towards a Contemporary Approach", didukung oleh sumber sekunder berupa skripsi, artikel, dan jurnal. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui empat langkah hermeneutika kontekstual Saeed: menemukan dunia teks, analisis kritis, mengaitkan teks dengan penerima wahyu pertama, dan mengaitkan teks dengan konteks saat ini.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Abdullah Saeed menafsirkan larangan riba secara bertahap dalam Al-Qur'an. Relevansi pandangan Saeed terhadap bunga bank konvensional terletak pada pembedaan fundamental antara riba historis yang personal dan eksploitatif dengan sistem perbankan modern yang institusional, mayoritas produktif, transparan, dan teregulasi ketat. Saeed berargumen bahwa jika unsur zulm tidak ditemukan dalam praktik bunga bank yang teregulasi, maka ia tidak dapat disamakan secara hukum dengan riba yang diharamkan Al-Qur'an. Pandangan ini memberikan legitimasi teologis bagi umat Islam untuk berinteraksi konstruktif dengan sistem keuangan modern yang berkontribusi pada pembangunan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan, sejalan dengan cita-cita Ekonomi Pancasila di Indonesi
Hasan Fehmi Tümerkan's life and works
No full textİttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti, Osmanlı Devleti'nin son zamanlarında ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi'nin ilk zamanlarında siyasi olarak oldukça etkili olmuştur. Bu cemiyetin sarıklı mebuslarından Hasan Fehmi Tümerkan Meclis-i Mebusan'da ve akabinde TBMM'de yapmış olduğu konuşmalarla, önerilerle ve kanun teklifleriyle ön plana çıkan mebuslardan biri idi. Kendisi, dönemin yenilikçi anlayışını benimseyerek reform taraflısı oldu. Hasan Fehmi Bey eğitimini bitirince İlahiyat Fakültesi'nde müderrislik yapmış ve Sinop Müftülüğü görevini icra etmiştir. İstanbul'un işgalinin ardından ise Malta'ya sürgün edilen isimler arasındadır. Esaret hayatı boyunca kendisini Kur'an'ı Türkçe'ye çevirme işine adamıştır. Böylelikle sadece bir siyasetçi değil; aynı zamanda dini ilimlere katkı sunan bir yazar da olmuştur. Şunu da belirtmek gerekir ki Sinop mebusu ve ardından Kastamonu milletvekili olarak görev yaptığı zamanlarda, kaleme aldığı eserleri ile ilmi ve fikri yönünü ortaya koymuştur.The Committee of Union and Progress (İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti) played a pivotal role in the political landscape during the final years of the Ottoman Empire and the early period of the Turkish Republic. Among its notable members was Hasan Fehmi Tümerkan, a turbaned deputy who distinguished himself through his speeches, legislative proposals, and policy suggestions in both the Ottoman Chamber of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebusan) and later in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM). Tümerkan embraced the progressive ideology of the era and was a staunch advocate of reform. Following his education, Hasan Fehmi served as a professor at the Faculty of Theology and later held the position of Mufti of Sinop. After the occupation of Istanbul, he was among those exiled to Malta. During his time in captivity, he dedicated himself to translating the Qur'an into Turkish. In doing so, he emerged not only as a politician but also as an author contributing to Islamic scholarship. It is also worth noting that during his tenure as a deputy representing Sinop and later Kastamonu, he demonstrated his intellectual and scholarly inclinations through the works he authored
An empirical analysis of the factors pushing the educated youth in crimes: evidence from Pakistan / Saeed ul Hasan Chishti
No full textEducation is the foundation of economic, social, political, spiritual and cultural development of a country and education youth is the future of every nation. But unfortunately there are some forces and factors which influence educated youth to commit crimes in the context of Pakistan. These forces may be social, socio-economic, political or cultural etc. This study identified these forces and causes of crimes in the educated youth which may be helpful for the parents, teachers, employers, planners, policymakers, police, courts and also for the criminals themselves to know what are the forces pushing them in the hell of crime and how they can get rid of such forces. In this study, data were collected from jails/prisons of different cities of Pakistan through questionnaire and interview. Data analysis comprised on chi-square testing method. Results indicated the weaknesses and flaws in planning, organizing, and controlling public sector, due to which a great number of people indulge in criminal activities
The internalization of character education values and the concept of happiness through the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani: Children's literature study
No full textABSTRACT
The surge in juvenile delinquency cases proves that character education plays an important role in shaping an individual’s personality. Character education values also contribute an individual’s understanding and creation of happiness. This research aims to (1) present the values of character education in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan"; (2) describe the concept of happiness in the short story "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. The primary data source in this research was from a short story titled "Al-Saeed Hasan" by Kamil Kailani. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources were references from articles, journals, and other relevant literature to the discussion in this research. The data collection technique used the read and note method. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the analysis model from Milles and Huberman by conducting data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research found (1) 21 instances of character education values, with 6 religious values, 2 honesty, 2 curiosity, 2 friendliness/communicativeness, 3 love of peace, and 6 responsibility. (2) The concept of happiness was found in 5 instances, with 2 involving knowledge of God and nature, and 3 involving moral actions and affection. Based on the results of the research above, it can be concluded that children's literature is not only used for entertainment but also as an educational tool, such as instilling the values of character education and the concept of happiness for children. Moreover, children's literature can also influence character formation and psychological development in children.
ABSTRAK
Maraknya kasus kenakalan remaja menjadi bukti bahwa pendidikan karakter memegang peran penting dalam membentuk kepribadian seseorang. Nilai pendidikan karakter juga memiliki andil bagi seseorang untuk memahami dan menciptakan sebuah kebahagiaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memaparkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam cerpen “Al-Saeed Hasan”; (2) mendeskripsikan definisi bahagia dalam cerpen “Al-Saeed Hasan” karya Kamil Kailani. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini berasal dari sebuah cerpen berjudul “Al-Saeed Hasan” karya Kamil Kailani. Sedangkan sumber data sekundernya berupa referensi yang berasal dari artikel, jurnal, dan juga literatur-literatur yang relevan dengan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode baca catat. Kemudian, datanya dianalisis dengan model analisis dari Milles dan Huberman dengan melakukan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menemukan (1) nilai pendidikan karakter sebanyak 21 data dengan rincian 6 nilai religius, 2 jujur, 2 rasa ingin tahu, 2 bersahabat/komunikatif, 3 cinta damai, 6 tanggung jawab. (2) Sedangkan konsep bahagia ditemukan sebanyak 5 data dengan rincian 2 pengetahuan tentang Tuhan dan alam, 3 tindakan moral dan kasih sayang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa bacaan sastra anak tidak hanya digunakan sebagai hiburan namun juga sebagai sarana edukasi seperti menanamkan nilai pendidikan karakter dan konsep bahagia bagi anak. Lebih dari itu, bacaan sastra anak juga dapat mempengaruhi pembentukan karakter dan perkembangan psikologi pada anak.
مستخلص البحث
إن ارتفاع حالات جنوح الأحداث دليل على أن تربية الشخصية تلعب دوراً مهماً في تشكيل شخصية الإنسان. كما أن قيمة تربية الشخصية تسهم أيضًا في فهم الإنسان لشخصيته وتكوينها وإكسابه السعادة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى: (1) وصف قيم تربية الشخصية في القصة القصيرة ”السعيد حسن“؛ (2) وصف تعريف السعادة في القصة القصيرة ”السعيد حسن“ لكامل كيلاني. المنهج في هذا البحث هو المنهج الوصفي الكيفي. ويأتي مصدر البيانات الأولية في هذا البحث من قصة قصيرة بعنوان ”السعيد حسن“ للكاتب كامل كيلاني. في حين أن مصادر البيانات الثانوية هي مراجع من المقالات والمجلات والأدبيات ذات الصلة بالمناقشة في هذه الدراسة. استخدم أسلوب جمع البيانات أسلوب القراءة والكتابة. بعد ذلك، تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام نموذج التحليل الخاص بميليس وهوبرمان من خلال اختزال البيانات وعرض البيانات واستخلاص النتائج. وقد توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى (1) 21 قيمة من قيم التربية الشخصية بتفاصيل 6 قيم دينية، و2 قيم الصدق، و2 قيم الفضول، و2 قيم الود/التواصل، و3 قيم محبة السلام، و6 قيم المسؤولية. (2) بينما وجد أن مفهوم السعادة قد بلغ 5 بيانات بتفاصيل 2 معرفة الله والطبيعة، 3 الأعمال الأخلاقية والرحمة. استنادًا إلى نتائج البحث أعلاه، يمكن استنتاج أن قراءة أدب الأطفال لا تُستخدم كوسيلة للتسلية فحسب، بل كوسيلة للتربية مثل غرس قيمة تربية الشخصية ومفهوم السعادة لدى الأطفال. وعلاوة على ذلك، يمكن أن تؤثر قراءة أدب الأطفال أيضًا على بناء الشخصية والنمو النفسي لدى الأطفال
Cymbionotum Baudi
No full textGenus Cymbionotum Baudi di Selva, 1864 Cymbionotum mandli Jedlička, 1963 Studied material: Hasan-Langi, 2015 (Prov. of Hormozgan). Citations: Dschas-Morian (Prov. of Kerman; Jedlička, 1963); Dschaz-Morian (Prov. of Kerman; Mandl, 1963). Cymbionotum pictulum Bates, 1874 Citations: Without exact locality (Bousquet, 2003 b). Cymbionotum semelederi (Chaudoir, 1861) Studied material: Geshm Island, 2014 (Prov. of Hormozgan). Citations: Without exact locality (Bousquet, 2003 b). Cymbionotum transcaspicum (Semenov, 1891) Citations: Without exact locality (Semenov, 1891).Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24049
Tetragonoderus Dejean 1829
No full textGenus Tetragonoderus Dejean, 1829 Subgenus Tetragonoderus Dejean, 1829 Tetragonoderus (Tetragonoderus) arcuatus Dejean, 1829 Citations: Felix (2009) cited the species for Iran based on Jan Muilwijk, unpublished data. This record should be confirmed. Tetragonoderus (Tetragonoderus) intermedius Solsky, 1874 Citations: Iranshahr (Prov. of Sistan va Baluchestan; Jedlička, 1961); Hasan Langi, 62 km east of Bandar-e Abbas (Prov. of Hormozgan; Wrase, 2005).Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24049
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Three-Dimensional Compatible Sacrificial Nanoimprint Lithography for Tuning the Wettability of Thermoplastic Materials
No full textWe report the tuning of surface wetting through sacrificial nanoimprint lithography (SNIL). In this process, grown ZnO nanomaterials are transferred by imprint into a metallic glass (MG) and an elastomeric material, and then etched to impart controlled surface roughness. This process increases the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of both surfaces, the Pt57.5Cu14.7Ni5.3P22.5 MG and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), respectively. The growth conditions of the ZnO change the characteristic length scale of the roughness, which in turn alters the properties of the patterned surface. The novelty of this approach includes reusability of templates and that it is able to create superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces in a manner compatible with the fabrication of macroscopic three-dimensional (3D) parts. Because the wettability is achieved by only modifying topography, without using any chemical surface modifiers, the prepared surfaces are relatively more durable.Peer reviewe
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