947 research outputs found
BIODEGRADATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS BY A MARINE BACTERIUM Bacillus firmus Strain BY6 ASSOCIATED WITH BRANCHING CORAL Acropora Sp.
No full textA bacterium which utilizes chlorpyrifos as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from coral surface. The organism utilized chlorpyrifos up to 25 mg l-1. The lag phase and time for degradation, however, were severely prolonged at chlorpyrifos concentrations above 10 mg/liter. The growth kinetics of coral bacterium was studied in batch culture. Estimation of maximum growth rates (μmax), obtained from turbidity measurements, was 0.14 h-1 and half-saturation growth constant (Cs) was 9.34 mg l-1 chlorpyrifos. This strain demonstrated greatest similarity to members of the order Bacillales and was closest to members of the Bacillus firmus group
SCREENING OF SECONDARY METABOLITE-PRODUCING BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH CORALS USING 16S rDNA-BASED APPROACH
No full textA total of 42 coral-associated bacteria were screened for their ability to produce secondary metabolites by using 16S rDNA-based approach. A specific oligonucleotides primer was used to amplify DNA non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). Five strains were found to carry the NRPS gene and successfully inhibit the growth of other coral-associated and pathogenic bacteria.
The phylogenetic characterization revealed that four strains belonged to currently known species Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Vibrio tubiashi, Vibrio carchiariae and Bacillus iodinum. On the other hand, one strain was apparently closely related with an unknown group of the gamma Proteobacteria, which was only recognized as uncultured clone 141H2
Short Communication: Antagonistic activity of bacteria isolated from coral Acropora sp of Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia against Acroporid White Syndrome
No full textAbstract. Sabdono A, Trianto A, Radjasa OK, Wijayanti DP. 2019. Antagonistic activity of bacteria isolated from coral Acropora sp of Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia against Acroporid White Syndrome. Biodiversitas 20: 1350-1355. Acroporid White Syndrome (AWS) disease, causing coral death and mortality, has come out as a serious threat to coral reefs in the Karimunjawa Islands, Java Sea. In the present study, the bacterial community associated with the Acroporid were assessed for their antagonistic activity against bacteria associated with AWS disease. A culture collection of 43 bacteria associated with coral Acroporid was established by plating on Zobell’s 2214E. Isolates were screened using the overlay method. The results showed that five isolates (11.62 %) were able to inhibit the growth of the AWS isolates. These isolates were tested further for their consistency of antagonistic activity by using disc-agar diffused method. Based on their consistency, AU5 isolate was selected for study at advance. Polyphasic and phylogenetic analysis were used to characterized AU5 isolate. The DNA sequence analyses demonstrated that this bacterial isolate affiliated with Firmicutes. The AU5 isolate showed high 16S rDNA sequence identity to Virgibacillus salarius strain muzPC213 (99%). The results demonstrated the existence of bacterial coral symbionts with AWS antipathogenic activity on the coral tissue, possibly performing as biocontrol agent to protect the coral Acroporids against AWS outbreaks
Personal Branding Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono Melalui Media Sosial Youtube @AgusYudhoyono
No full text Indonesia will hold presidential and parliamentary elections in 2024 at both national and regional levels. Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono is one of the presidential candidates in the 2024-2029 elections. In political years where this, as done by Agus Harimurti Yodhoyono, will have a significant influence on the support of the Indonesian people, personal branding is an important component in the success of the plan. The development of information technology and the use of social media as a tool for developing personal branding is currently impossible to resist. Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono uses YouTube, a social media platform, to develop personal branding to attract the interest of the younger generation. The purpose of this research is to find out more about Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's personal branding strategy on YouTube. By using foundations such as personal branding, agenda setting, framing and dramaturgy. The author uses qualitative research techniques. Framing analysis will be replaced by research that focuses on issues related to Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's personal branding. Based on the findings of this study, personal branding, framing, and dramaturgy produce personal branding developed by Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's management through YouTube social media which has formed a realistic personal branding. As a result, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's personal branding has become realistic
TA : Pembuatan Film Bergenre Drama Berunsur Komedi Farce dengan Plot Linear Circular Yang Berjudul "Agus"
No full textThe film is a live picture, also often called a movie. Film, collectively, often called cinema. Cinema itself is derived from the word cinematic or motion. So the sense of motion is painting with light. The author makes a comedy movie using Circular Linear plot as the plot. The method used was the story begins from conception, data collection techniques of filming and editing videos.
Before authors begin filming this, the authors conducted several research methods, such as literature, namely by looking for books related to the movie-making process. Moreover, the authors also conducted an analysis of some of the films made in reference to the character creation as well as analyzing the properties commonly used in a comedy movie.
Film "AGUS" tells about the life of a young person who wanted to try his fortune village in the city. Are then faced with a dilemma, in which he must decide wisely over what happened.
The process of making this film started pre-production process that begins with the design work of ideas and concepts. Writers develop it into a movie by using the techniques of filmmaking in general.
This film uses a video editing software on finalizing, it will also facilitate the task of the writer in perfecting. Finally, the hope of the author of the final report will be the best, so it can be a role model for others, both technical and moral message contained in the film, and through this work, the author is able to provide different entertainment that could shift the interest of the film market film eroticism to quality films
TA : Pembuatan Film Bergenre Drama Berunsur Komedi Farce dengan Plot Linear Circular Yang Berjudul "Agus"
No full textThe film is a live picture, also often called a movie. Film, collectively, often called cinema. Cinema itself is derived from the word cinematic or motion. So the sense of motion is painting with light. The author makes a comedy movie using Circular Linear plot as the plot. The method used was the story begins from conception, data collection techniques of filming and editing videos.
Before authors begin filming this, the authors conducted several research methods, such as literature, namely by looking for books related to the movie-making process. Moreover, the authors also conducted an analysis of some of the films made in reference to the character creation as well as analyzing the properties commonly used in a comedy movie.
Film "AGUS" tells about the life of a young person who wanted to try his fortune village in the city. Are then faced with a dilemma, in which he must decide wisely over what happened.
The process of making this film started pre-production process that begins with the design work of ideas and concepts. Writers develop it into a movie by using the techniques of filmmaking in general.
This film uses a video editing software on finalizing, it will also facilitate the task of the writer in perfecting. Finally, the hope of the author of the final report will be the best, so it can be a role model for others, both technical and moral message contained in the film, and through this work, the author is able to provide different entertainment that could shift the interest of the film market film eroticism to quality films
METODE PENYIMPANAN BAHAN MAKANAN DI KABOBS PREMIUM KEBAB SURABAYA
No full textThe purpose of writing this final project is to determine the method of
storing food ingredients in Kabobs Premium Kebab Surabaya. The author makes
observations and carries out work as a crew outlet at Kabobs Premium Kebab
Surabaya. The author can conclude that the method of storing foodstuffs at
Kabobs Premium Kebab Surabaya has fulfilled food storage standards, which
include storage methods in the Freezer for the perishable material category,
Chiller or Refrigerator for the semi-perishable ingredient category, and Dry
Storage or dry temperature for the perishable material category. non-perishable
material category
IsoIasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Pendegradasi Senyawa Herbisida Di Perairan Pantai Mlonggo Jepara
No full textTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi, menyeleksi, dan mengidentifikasi bakteri laut yang mampu mendegradasi senyawa herbisida.
Hasil uji degradasi dengan menggunakan indilcator media EMBA menunjulckan bahwa dari 42 isolat, hanya 11 isolat diantaranya mampu mendegradasi senyawa herbisida. Isolat JS307 diseleksi berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari uji sensitivitas clan uji degradasi sebagai kandidat/materi dasar untuk penelitian selanjutnya dalam kerekayasaan genetik.
Kata-kata kunci: herbisida, degradasi
Summary
The purposes of this study are to isolate, select, and identify the marine bactetia, which are competent at degrading herbicide compounds.
The result showed that among 42 bacterial isolates, only 11 isolates are able to degrade herbicide compounds on EMBA indicator media. JS307 isolate is selected based on the results of the sensitivity test and degradation test, as candidate/raw material for the following research in genetic engineering.
Keywords : herbicide, degradation
Pendahuluan
Pestisida adalah suatu zat yang dapat digunakan untuk menghalangi, merusak, menarik, menjauhkan, atau mengendalikan hama, termasuk hewan ataupun tumbuhan yang tidak dikehendaki selama proses produlcsi, penyimpanan, pengangkutan, distribusi, dan pengolahan pangan, komoditi pertanian atau makanan hewan, atau yang dapat diberikan pada hewan untuk mengendalikan ektoparasit (FAO dan WHO, dalam Noegrohati, 1993). Suatu hal yang menglchawatirkan pada akhir-akhir ini adalah meningkatnya dan berkembangny
Identifikasi dan analisis genetik bakteri karang pendegradasi senyawa herbisida 2,4-diklorofenoksi asetat di laut Jawa
No full textThe purposes of this study are to isolate, select, and identi@ the bacteria associated with corals, which are competent at degrading 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetate (2,4-D) compounds, and to analyze the gene, which are responsible for 2,4-D-degrading mechanism. The ecological and coral conditions and sampling sites selection are surveyed by scuba diving. The detection of 2,4-D herbicide residues in the tissues of dying corals is assayed, and the assay is continued on controlled toxicity experiments testing 2,4-D compounds on corals. The study of 2,4-D degradation on bacteria associated with corals is conducted by isolating the bacteria from coral tissues, purifying, performing degradation test, sensitivity test and kinetic study of growth and 2,4-D utilization. Molecular phylogenetic studies including DNA extraction, DNA amplification, RFLP, sequencing of 16s rRNA, and homology analyses by BLAST and RDP database program, are conducted. A phylogenetictree is constructed from the distance matrix by using CLUSTAL W. neighbourjoining method and PHYLYP program. Isolation of plasmid is done by PFGE. Curing plasmid is done by acridine orange treatment, and transformation is carried out by electrotransformation. The result showed that the coral condition on the Java Sea is very poor. Analysis of 2,4-D from coral tissues showed that the compound might cause coral mortality. In addition, the ecotoxicity study revealed that 2,4-D can kill coral on low concentration for brief exposure. Among 187 bacterial isolates, only 59 isolates are able to degrade 2,4-D compounds on EMBA indicator media. KP108, CP107, JG101, PP202 and PG303 isolates are selected based on the results of the sensitivity test and degradation test. Growth kinetics and 2,4-D substrate depletion experiment showed that the five isolates posses diverse kinetic parameters. Of the 5 isolates, PP202 has the highest capability of 2,4-D degradation. LineweaverBurk Linearization of the Michaelis-Menten equation is obtained Y = 0.0653 X + 1.3867 with maximum growth rate ( h h )of 0.72 h-', with saturated concentration (Cs) of 47.09 mg/l 2,4-D. The effect of 2,4-D concentration on the substrate removal rate (rs) is 0.0806 g/Vh and the specific substrate removal rate ( 0 ) is 0.027 h-' obtained from 200 mg/l 2,4-D concentration. RFLP analysis resulted i n 3 genotype difference OTU (Operational Taxonomy Unit): KP 108, JG10 1 and PP202 isolates having similar restriction pattern (genotype I), PG303 isolate (genotype 1 ) and CP107 isolate (genotype 111). Molecular determination of 16s 1 rRNA analyses and microbiological characteristic revealed that PP202 isolate is assigned to Vibrio natriegens (96 %), PG303 isolate is assigned to Vibri
Eksplorasi Senyawa Bioaktif Antifoulant Bakteri yang Berasosiasi dengan Avertebrata Laut Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Biofouling di Laut
No full textBiofouling sebagai hasil dad proses penempelan organisme fouling pada berbagai struktur di lingkungan laut telah menjadi "big concenf bagi pelaku industri marifim. Aplikasi cat pelindung antifoulant dengan komponen utama logam berat mempunyai dampak yang buruk bagi lingkungan laut.
Avertebrata laut (soft corals, sponge, tunicate) menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam ekologinya dan telah menjadi target bagi sumber senyawa bioaktif. Masalah serius dalam pengembangan senyawa bioaktif dad avertebrata laut adalah masalah suplai, karena untuk mendapatkan sejumlah relatif kecil senyawa aktif diperlukan sejumlah besar organisme laut. Sudah barang tentu dad segi pemanfaatan yang berkesinambungan ekosistem terumbu karang, hal ini akan menjadi masalah besar. Dilaporkan bahwa terdapat asosiasi mikroorganisme dengan organisme laut yang diduga juga mensintesa metabolit sekunder seperti organisme inangnya
Tujuan dad penelitian tahun ke-1 adalah mengisolasi, seleksi dan identifikasi bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan avertebrata laut yang memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif antfoulant dan mengestimasi potensi antifouling yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan avertebrata laut. Dalarn perkembangan selanjutnya adalah mendapatkan senyawa bioaktif dad bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan avertebrata laut yang berperan dalam proses pengontrolan biofouling di laut sebagai alternatif senyawa antifoulant yang ramah lingkungan.
Penelifian pada tahun ke-1 ini meliputi kegiatan sampling,
dokumentasi bawah air, isolasi bakteri pembentuk biofilm primer, isolasi
bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan karang lunak, uji anti-bakted dan ekstraksi
crude extract untuk uji makrofouling. Penelusuran dilakukan dengan teknik bioassay, sedangkan effektifitas bioaktif antifoulant diuji di lapangan pada penerapan crude extract bakteri terhadap barnacle settlement.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 371 isolat berhasil diisolasi dari karang lunak Sarcophyton sp dan Sinularia sp di perairan Ujung Kulon dan Karimunjawa pada kedalaman 3 meter dan 10 meter. Uji anti bakteri rnenunjukkan sebanyak 10 isolat (2, 39 %) mempunyai potensi sebagai kandidat penghasil senyawa antifoulant. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan karang lunak yang rnerniliki aktifitas antifouling. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan potensi bakteri karang di dalam produksi antifouling coating berbasis bahan alam yang mudah terdegradasi dibandingkan dengan senyawa toksik yang saat ini banyak dipergunakan.
Biofouling as a results of marine fouling attachment on various structure in the sea had become a big concern on marine industries. The effects of metal-based antifouling paints on the ecology of the marine environment have been the subject of intense debate. Problems with tin and copper antifouling compounds have highlighted the need to develop new environmentally friendly antifouling coatings.
Marine organisms (soft corals, sponge, tunicate) in particular marine invertebrates from coral reef ecosystems have become sources of great interest to natural product chemistry, since they produce metabolites with different biological activities. Marine invertebrates are rich in secondary metabolites and are becoming targets of continuing search for bioactive compounds. Serious obstacle to the ultimate development of most marine natural products that are currently undergoing evaluation and trials is the problem of supply. The concentrations of many highly active compounds in marine invertebrates are often minute, sometimes accounting for less than 10-6% of the wet weight. Of course, this conditions would be big problems on sustainable of coral use It was reported that a number of metabolites obtained from algae and invertebrates may be produced by associated microorganisms
The purposes of this research are to isolate and characterize of invertebrate-associated bacteria capable of producing antifoulant bioactive compounds, to increase the screening efficiency of the secondary metabolite-producing strains among invertebrate-associated bacteria, to estimate antibacterial potential of the isolates, to isolate and
purify the bioactive compounds and to elucidate the bioactive compounds isolated from coral-associated bacteria.
In the first year research the activities included in sampling,
underwater documentations, primer bacteria-forming biofilm isolation, bacteria associated with soft coral isolation, anti bacterial assays and crude extract for macrofouling assay. The effectiveness of extraction was proved in the field experiment based on the number of barnacle settlement.
The results showed that 371 strains were isolated from coral tissues of Sarcophyton sp and Sinutaria sp in the Ujung Kulon and Karimunjawa, from 3 meter and 10 meter depth. Ant-bacterial assays showed that 10 isolates (2, 39 %) have ability to produce antifoulant. Macrofouling experiment must be reconducted since the panels were lost in the sea
In conclusion, the strategy adopted in this study has identified a number of soft corals associated bacteria capable of producing metabolites that retain their antifouling activity. This work demonstrates the potential of marine bacteria in the production of antifouling coatings based on biodegradable natural products rather than the toxic compounds in current use
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