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IRONI DAN EKSISTENSIALISME TOKOH KEMALA DALAM NOVEL NORA KARYA PUTU WIJAYA (KAJIAN EKSISTENSIALISME JEAN PAUL SARTRE)
Get PDFABSTRAK
SITI FATIMAH LUBIS. 2021. Ironi dan Eksistensialisme Tokoh Kemala Dalam Novel Nora Karya Putu Wijaya (Kajian Eksistensialisme Jean Paul Sartre). Skripsi. Jakarta. Program Studi Sastra Indonesia. Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni. Universitas Negeri Jakarta.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ironi dan eksistensialisme tokoh Kemala terhadap cara hidupnya di dunia dalam novel Tetralogi Dangdut: Nora karya Putu Wijaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metodologi strukturalisme dan eksistensialisme. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah model analisis isi dengan pendekatan struktualisme Robert Stanton dan eksistensialisme Jean Paul Sartre. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan duabelas ironi tokoh Kemala yaitu (1) 6 data ironi dramatis; berupa realitas, kontradiksi, dan apa yang sebenarnya terjadi, dan (2) 6 data ironi verbal; berupa dugaan, prasangka, perasaan dan pikiran tokoh. Kemudian pada data eksistensialisme tokoh ditemukan empat konsep eksistensialisme Jean Paul Sartre yaitu (1) Berada dalam dirinya yang berupa tindakan terhadap orang lain, (2) Berada untuk dirinya yang berupa keputusan dan pilihan (3) Kebebasan yang berupa prinsip-prinsip hidup tokoh Kemala dan (4) Ada untuk orang lain yang berupa perasaan dan pikiran terhadap orang lain. Kemala sebagai tokoh menjadi sarana yang sangat baik yang digunakan oleh pengarang. Pengarang menyampaikan berbagai tujuan, kontradiksi, dugaan, dan realitas, yang sebenarnya mewakili perasaan dan pikiran pengarang. Pendekatan eksistensialisme melihat tokoh sebagai manusia yang memiliki cara berada di dunia, di mana cara berada manusia berbeda dengan cara berada benda-benda.
KATA KUNCI: Ironi, Strukturalisme, Filsafat Eksistensialisme, dan Nora
ABSTRACT
SITI FATIMAH LUBIS. 2021. Kemala Figure Irony and Existentialism in Putu Wijaya's Novel Nora (Study of Jean Paul Sartre's Existentialism). Essay. Jakarta. Indonesian Literature Study Program. Faculty of Language and Art. State University of Jakarta.
This study aims to reveal the irony and existentialism of the Kemala character regarding his way of life in the world in Putu Wijaya's novel Tetralogi Dangdut: Nora. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with structuralism and existentialism methodologies. The analysis used in this study is a content analysis model with the structuralism approach of Robert Stanton and Jean Paul Sartre's existentialism. Based on the results of the study, it was found twelve irony figures of Kemala, namely (1) 6 data on dramatic irony; in the form of reality, contradiction, and what actually happened, and (2) 6 data on verbal irony; in the form of assumptions, prejudices, feelings and thoughts of the characters. Then in the data of character existentialism found four concepts of existentialism of Jean Paul Sartre, namely (1) Being-in-itself in the form of actions towards others, (2) Being-for-itself in the form of decisions and choices (3) Freedom in the form of life principles of Kemala and (4) Being-for-others in the form of feelings and thoughts towards others. Kemala as a character becomes a very good tool used by the author. The author presents various goals, contradictions, conjectures, and realities, which actually represent the feelings and thoughts of the author. The existentialism approach sees a character as a human who has a way of being in a world, where the way humans are is different from the way things are.
KEY WORDS: Irony, Structuralism, Philosophy of Existentialism, and Nor
PENGGUNAAN HAK FASAKH OLEH ISTRI NARAPIDANA 2 TAHUN DI LAPAS KELAS II B PASIR PENGARAIAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan batalnya perkawinan atau putusnya
perkawinan. Atau yang dimaksud dengan fasakh nikah membatalkan atau
memutuskan ikatan hubungan antara suami dan istri. Dalam hukum Islam tidak
ada ketentuan hukum khusus yang mengatur tentang hukuman penjara atau
hukuman berat lainnya sebagai alasan hukum perceraian. Namun, “implikasi
negatif” dari hukuman penjara dan hukuman berat lainnyalah yang dapat menjadi
alasan hukum perceraian, suami menjalani hukuman penjara dan hukuman berat
lainnya, dan tidak lagi dapat melaksanakan kewajibannya sebagai suami selain itu,
“perilaku yang sangat buruk” sebagai refleksi dari hukuman penjara atau
hukuman berat yang dijalani oleh suami dapat menjadi alasan istri mengajukan
fasakh terhadap suami.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan
metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian
ini sebanyak 3 orang yang seluruh jumlah populasi yang di jadikan sampel
dengan menggunakan tekhnik total sampling.
Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat di fahami bahwa penggunaan hak fasakh
istri dibolehkan sesuai pasal 116, istri boleh menggunakan perceraian bila suami
mendapat hukuman penjara 5 tahun atau lebih berat. Namun, dalam kenyataannya
di lapas istri minta cerai saat suami hanya dipenjara selama 2 tahun. Adapun yang
menjadi penyebab istri meminta fasakh terhadap suami yaitu suami nya tersebut
masuk penjara dikarenakan memakai narkoba dan menjadi narapidana selama 2
tahun lamanya dan karena nafkah lahir dan batin, terjadi perselisihan antara suami
dan istri. Argumentasi hukum bahwa perilaku buruk suami yang terbukti dari
hukuman penjara atau hukuman berat lainnya yang dijalani oleh suami karena
“melakukan tindak pidana tertentu” sebagai alasan hukum perceraian menurut
hukum Islam, kemudian telah dipositivisasi dalam Pasal 116 huruf c Kompilasi
Hukum Islam yang menegaskan bahwa perceraian dapat terjadi karena salah satu
pihak mendapat hukuman penjara 5 tahun atau hukuman yang lebih berat setelah
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