1,720,981 research outputs found
L'evoluzione della formazione dei docenti in ambito motorio della scuola dell'infanzia e della scuola primaria.
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Dental hygiene habits and oral health status of seafarers
Full text linkBACKGROUND:
This study has assessed the dental hygiene habits and problems of seafarers and their attitudes/ perceptions regarding oral hygiene using a dental hygiene/habits questionnaire.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A research questionnaire on oral hygiene habits was prepared along with a summary of all the questions and sent to ships via e-mail by Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (CIRM) networks. CIRM, is the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service (TMAS), and represents the Centre with the largest number of seafarers assisted on board ships worldwide. CIRM proposed the questionnaire to all ships (n = 1,198) asking for medical advice from 1 July 2014 till 31 October 2014. Two dental professionals were involved in the development and analysis of the questionnaire.
RESULTS:
Seafarers are at risk of several dental health problems due to their oral hygiene and dietary habits, smoking and alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene knowledge and motivation. Dietary habits during voyages were also questionable and seafarers consume food rich in fermentable carbohydrates, which is a major risk factor for dental caries.
CONCLUSIONS:
Seafarers need better oral hygiene education and care to enable them to manage their oral health in a better way. Life at the sea, under challenging circumstances is not without stress, that is why it is important that seafarers are given complete information about correct oral hygiene protocols and dental hygiene and the advantages for their health of keeping a healthy mouth
Development of software for handling ship's pharmacy.
Full text linkBACKGROUND:
Ships are required to carry a given amount of medicinal products and medications depending on the flag and the type of vessel. These medicines are stored in the so called ship's "medicine chest" or more properly - a ship pharmacy. Owing to the progress of medical sciences and to the increase in the mean age of seafarers employed on board ships, the number of pharmaceutical products and medical devices required by regulations to be carried on board ships is increasing. This may make handling of the ship's medicine chest a problem primarily on large ships sailing on intercontinental routes due to the difficulty in identifying the correspondence between medicines obtained abroad with those available at the national market. To minimise these problems a tool named Pharmacy Ship (acronym: PARSI) has been developed.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The application PARSI is based on a database containing the information about medicines and medical devices required by different countries regulations. In the first application the system was standardised to comply with the Italian regulations issued on the 1st October, 2015 which entered into force on the 18 January 2016.
RESULTS:
Thanks to PARSI it was possible to standardize the inventory procedures, facilitate the work of maritime health authorities and make it easier for the crew, not professional in the field, to handle the 'medicine chest' correctly by automating the procedures for medicines management. As far as we know there are no other similar tools available at the moment. The application of the software, as well as the automation of different activities, currently carried out manually, will help manage (qualitatively and quantitatively) the ship's pharmacy.
CONCLUSIONS:
The system developed in this study has proved to be an effective tool which serves to guarantee the compliance of the ship pharmacy with regulations of the flag state in terms of medicinal products and medications. Sharing the system with the Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service may result in avoiding mistakes in drug administration. Last but not least the availability of PARSI could help reduce/ avoid problems with maritime health authorities in case any of the required medicinal products are missing
In-Flight Pathologies and Medical Emergencies Assisted By Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (CIRM).
No full textThe rate of medical emergencies aboard commercial flights is increasing. This is probably due to the higher number of chronically ill and/or old travelers. This study has analyzed files of patients assisted by Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (CIRM) on board airplanes from January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2008. In this period CIRM has assisted 165 patients on board aircraft (50.91% males, 49.09% females). Passengers accounted for the 89.70% of cases, crew members for the 10.30%. Pathologies assisted involved to a greater extent digestive system (18.18%), circulatory system (13.94%), respiratory system (12.73%), nervous system (12.12%) and genitourinary system (10.91%) disorders. Approximately 57% of patients improved and 28.5% were unchanged, whereas in the 6.7% of cases flight diversion was necessary. The availability of epidemiological data may help for developing standardized operative procedures and approaches for guaranteeing the best care to ill patients on board airplanes
Pharmacoepidemiology of Drug Prescription on Board Ships Assisted by Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (CIRM), the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service (TMAS).
No full textThe present study has analyzed drugs prescribed for treating
diseases on board ships by Centro Internazionale Radio Medico
(CIRM). CIRM is the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service
(TMAS) and is one of the organizations with the largest experience in
the field worldwide. The investigation has evaluated: No. of patient’s
file, ship’s flag and position, language of teleconsultation, age and sex of
patient, rank, days of assistance and number of teleconsultations,
diagnosis (ICD-10), drug(s) prescribed (ATC) and their dosage. Based
on pharmacotherapeutic guidelines for a given diagnosis, treatment
prescribed on board ship and optimal (according to the guidelines)
possible therapy will be defined. The expected results may serve as a
reference for future regulations on the contents of the medicine chest
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pharmacare on board ships without a doctor. prescriptions analysis and improvement of medical chests.
No full textSeafaring represents a particularly hazardous occupation when compared with shore-based activities and seafarers are exposed to risks rarely encountered by workers in other occupations. People living ashore may have medical services available within a short time. On board ships the situation is different and the majority of vessels is at sea for days or weeks before they can reach a port. On the other hand, ship represents at the same time working place and living quarter and only very few ships carry a doctor or an adequately trained paramedic on board. In this situation, the best possibilities for treating diseases or accidents on board are : (i) to provide medical advice via telecommunications systems; (ii) to guarantee adequate training of personnel with the responsibility of health care on board; (iii) to have an adequate supply of drugs and essential medical equipment.
Pharmaceuticals and other medical supplies carried by shipping vessels constitute the so-called ship’s medicine chest. The contents of the medicine chest and the medical equipment carried on board is prescribed by national authorities taking into account international recommendations in this field, such as those of the International Medical Guide for Ships and the List of Essential Drugs published by the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as advances in medical knowledge and approved methods of treatment. The last edition of the Medical Guide for Ships and the List of Essential Drugs were published recently (2008). Contents of the medicine chest and of medical supplied to be carried by ships should consider the type of ship, the number of persons on board and the nature, destination and duration of voyages.
Literature available on ship’s medicine chest and more in general on maritime pharmacy is sparse and criteria followed by national authorities or by international organizations in establishing their contents are not known. The Working Group Ships Medicines established by the Community Pharmacy Section (CPS) of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) has provided an important counseling on the List of Essential Drugs recently recommended by WHO. The Group proposed an international forum to develop international standards of a global quality management system for maritime pharmacy or an internationally accepted guide issued by the WHO. Unfortunately, adeqate (pharmaco)epidemiological data on diseases occurring on board ships, their standard treatment(s) and on the use of medicines on ships serving as a reference for these actions are still missing.
Taking into account that telemedical advice is largely used for treating diseases occurring on board ships, we have undertaken an extensive analysis on the type of medications most often used in telemedical assistance to ships. Analysis was based on the review of medical files assisted by Centro Internazionale Radio Medico (CIRM) in 2004-2008. CIRM is the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service (TMAS) and has one of the largest experience in the world of medical assistance of seafarers with more than 60,000 patients assisted on board ships.
The investigation has evaluated the following items: No. of patient’s file, ship’s flag and position, language of teleconsultation, age and sex of patient, rank, days of assistance and number of teleconsultations, diagnosis (ICD-10), drug(s) prescribed (ATC), dosage. Based on pharmacotherapeutic guidelines for a given diagnosis, treatment prescribed on board ship and optimal (according to the guidelines) possible therapy will be defined.
The expected results may serve as a reference for future regulations on the contents of the medicine chest
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