2,087 research outputs found
Opern Ausw / 5 Wohlfeile Ausgabe von W. A. Mozart's sämmtlichen Opern
No full textKV 384Bibliograph. Nachweis: RISM A/I: M 4256 ; Höft, Ein Mannheimer Musikverleger als Wegbereiter des klassischen Erbes, S. 167Textverf. ermitteltVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Mannheim bei Karl Ferdinand Heckel ; Druckerey von K. F Heckel. W: T: ; Sub. Pr. f 4. Lad. Pr. f 6LithographieText dt. u. ital
Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Variants in Nonhuman Primates
No full textABSTRACT
We characterized hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates from sera of 21 hepatitis B virus surface antigen-positive apes, members of the families
Pongidae
and
Hylobatidae
(19 gibbon spp., 1 chimpanzee, and 1 gorilla). Sera originate from German, French, Thai, and Vietnamese primate-keeping institutions. To estimate the phylogenetic relationships, we sequenced two genomic regions, one located within the pre-S1/pre-S2 region and one including parts of the polymerase and the X protein open reading frames. By comparison with published human and ape HBV isolates, the sequences could be classified into six genomic groups. Four of these represented new genomic groups of gibbon HBV variants. The gorilla HBV isolate was distantly related to the chimpanzee isolate described previously. To confirm these findings, the complete HBV genome from representatives of each genomic group was sequenced. The HBV isolates from gibbons living in different regions of Thailand and Vietnam could be classified into four different phylogenetically distinct genomic groups. The same genomic groups were found in animals from European zoos. Therefore, the HBV infections of these apes might have been introduced into European primate-keeping facilities by direct import of already infected animals from different regions in Thailand. Taken together, our data suggest that HBV infections are indigenous in the different apes. One event involving transmission between human and nonhuman primates in the Old World of a common ancestor of human HBV genotypes A to E and the ape HBV variants might have occurred.
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The Bowen–Conradi syndrome protein Nep1 (Emg1) has a dual role in eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis, as an essential assembly factor and in the methylation of Psi1191 in yeast 18S rRNA
No full textThe Nep1 (Emg1) SPOUT-class methyltransferase is an essential ribosome assembly factor and the human Bowen–Conradi syndrome (BCS) is caused by a specific Nep1D86G mutation. We recently showed in vitro that Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Nep1 is a sequence-specific pseudouridine-N1-methyltransferase. Here, we show that in yeast the in vivo target site for Nep1-catalyzed methylation is located within loop 35 of the 18S rRNA that contains the unique hypermodification of U1191 to 1-methyl-3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-pseudouri-dine (m1acp3Psi). Specific 14C-methionine labelling of 18S rRNA in yeast mutants showed that Nep1 is not required for acp-modification but suggested a function in Psi1191 methylation. ESI MS analysis of acp-modified Psi-nucleosides in a DeltaNep1-mutant showed that Nep1 catalyzes the Psi1191 methylation in vivo. Remarkably, the restored growth of a nep1-1ts mutant upon addition of S-adenosylmethionine was even observed after preventing U1191 methylation in a deltasnr35 mutant. This strongly suggests a dual Nep1 function, as Psi1191-methyltransferase and ribosome assembly factor. Interestingly, the Nep1 methyltransferase activity is not affected upon introduction of the BCS mutation. Instead, the mutated protein shows enhanced dimerization propensity and increased affinity for its RNA-target in vitro. Furthermore, the BCS mutation prevents nucleolar accumulation of Nep1, which could be the reason for reduced growth in yeast and the Bowen-Conradi syndrome
Pharmaceutical powder compressibility - a science-based approach
No full textBackground:
The compressibility is a crucial property of powder formulations. For being able to compress a powder mixture to tablets with satisfactory pharmacocinetical behaviour, its compressibility has to be within a certain range.
Especially nowadays, where powder formulations for tablets can contain a big number of different compounds, a reliable determination and monitoring of the compressibility is very important.
Objective:
Investigation of three methods to determine powder compressibility (Heckel-Plot, modified Heckel-Plot, Leuenberger equation) with focus on their scientific reliability and their ability to show the influence of small composition adjustments to the compressibility of the formulation.
Development of a method to determine and monitor powder compressibility and additional quality aspects by scanning the final tablet with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.
Materials and Methods:
Binary mixtures of poorly compressible API and well-compressible excipient were compressed to tablets within a range of relative densities. The compaction pressure, the relative density of the tablet and its tensile strength were used to calculate the compressibility value of the formulation. In a second step, the API of the formulation was increased to detect and investigate the change of the compressibility values.
An investigation with compaction and analysis of the final compacts was performed with 12 different powder formulations. Relative density and tensile strength were the main investigation targets since these elements are used to establish the powder compressibility with the chosen approaches.
One part of the final compacts was tested for relative density and tensile strength with the traditional method, while another part of the tablet collection was investigated with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. These research steps led to a development of a method for compressibility determination with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.
Results and Discussion:
The results of the investigated binary mixtures showed the values for compressibility to be really individual for the three different approaches. Additionally, it could be shown that the change of the compressibility value with increase of the poorly-compressible API led to individually different changes in compressibility values for the three different plots.
The developed NIR-method showed really similar results in comparison to the traditional method for the compressibility values, calculated with the Heckel-Plot and the modified Heckel-Plot. Additionally the values of relative density and tensile strength could be detected in a reliable way with the established method.
Conclusion:
The importance of a reliable compressibility determination and all the challenges associated with it could be shown clearly with the research work of this thesis. Especially the sensitivity of the chosen method to small variations within the formulation could be identified and shown.
The developed NIR-method showed promising results and underlined its usability for online monitoring of the tablet production and of the final compact quality
Comparison of terminally ill cancer- vs. non-cancer patients in specialized palliative home care in Germany – a single service analysis
No full textStiel S, Heckel M, Seifert A, Frauendorf T, Hanke RM, Ostgathe C. Comparison of terminally ill cancer- vs. non-cancer patients in specialized palliative home care in Germany – a single service analysis. BMC Palliative Care. 2015;14(1): 14
Karasu Irma n n A kale Mevkiinden Yakalanan Gümü Bal (Chalcalburnus mosullensis, Heckel 1843) n n Populasyon Yap s ve Büyüme Özellikleri
No full textBu çal mada, Karasu Irma 'n n A kale Mevkiinden ubat 1996 ve Ocak 1997 tarihleri aras nda yakalanan 375 adet Gümü Bal (Chalcalburnus mosullensis, Heckel 1843)'n n populasyon yap s ve büyüme özellikleri incelenmi tir.
Populasyonda ya kompozisyonu I-VI ya lar aras nda da l m göstermi olup, %42.13'lük oranla II. ya grubunun dominant oldu u gözlenmi tir. Populasyonun %51.74'ünü di iler, %48.26's n ise erkekler olu turmu tur.
Çatal boy erkeklerde 8.9-18.1 cm, canl a rl k 3.6-67.9 g, di ilerde 8.5-18.5 cm, 5.1-79.5 g aras nda de i mi tir. Boyca ve a rl kça oransal ve spesifik büyüme en yüksek II. ya ta gerçekle mi tir. Ya -boy, ya -a rl k (Von Bertalanffy e itlikleri) ve logaritmik boy-a rl k ili kileri erkek ve di iler için s ras yla; Lt= 20.41 (1-e-°.2485(t+1.47)), L = 21.59 (1-e-0.1978(t+2.13)), W = 80.77 (1-e-0.2485^1.47))2.828, Wt= 103.63 (1-e-0.978(t+2.13))3.082 ve LogW= -1.796+2.828LogFL (r=0.943), LogW= - 2.097+3.082LogFL (r=0.946) olarak hesaplanm t r. Ortalama kondisyon faktörü erkeklerde 1.023 di ilerde ise 1.047 olarak hesaplanm t r.In this study, the population structure and growth properties of Chalcalburnus mossulensis (Heckel, 1843) caught from A kale Region of River Karasu betwen February 1996 and January 1997 were examined.
The age composition of population varied between I and VI ages, and the most abundant age group was the third age group (42.13%). The population was composed of 51.74% females and 48.26% males.
The fork length and the body weights of males and females varied between 8.9-18.1 cm, 3.6-67.9 g and 8.5-18.5 cm, 5.1-79.5 g respectively. The specific and relative growth for length and weight were maximum in the second age. The age-length, age-weight (Von Bertalanffy equations) and length- weight relationships of males and females were calculated as Lt= 20.41 (1-e-0.2485(t+1.47)), Lt= 21.59
(1-e-°-1978(t+2-13)), W = 80.77 (i-e-0-2485^-47))2-828, W = 103.63 (1_e-°-1978(t+2.i3))3.082 and LogW= -1.796+2.828LogFL (r=0.943), LogW= -2.097+3.082LogFL (r= 0.946) respectively. The mean condition factor of males and females were found as 1.023 and 1.047 respectively
Volatile oil and antioxidants from michelii heckel (myristicaceae) ferrule leaves
No full textThis work describes the phytochemical study of Virola michelii Heckel that occur in the Amazon Region popularly known as ucuúba-preta and its leaves are used in the popular medicine as hot poultice on the skin, to treat infections caused by fungus. The fresh smashed leaves of Virola michelii submitted to the hydrodistilation afforded a volatile oil, which analyzed through coupled system gas chromatograph to mass spectrometer evidenced the occurrence of one monoterpene and of seventeen sesquiterpenes. The ethyl alcohol extract of V. michelii leaves was fractionated by ethyl acetate and aqueous methanol partition, followed by solvent evaporation of the fractions, yielded the respective residues. The ethyl acetate residue submitted to chromatographic techniques, allowed the isolation of three compounds, two furofuran lignan, “eudesmin” (rel- (1S,2R,5R,6S)-2,6-di-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl]-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane) and “phillygenol” rel-(1S,2S,5R,6R)-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7- dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane and one phytosterol, the β-sitosterol. The structural determination was based on the interpretation of the 1 H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and mass spectra. The isolated furofuran lignans were submitted to test for antioxidant activity with DPPH radical followed by photometric detection. It was observed that the phillygenol was more active than eudesmin, in the assay which quercetin was used as standard.O presente trabalho descreve o estudo fitoquímico de Virola michelii Heckel conhecida como ucuúba-preta, que ocorre na Amazônia, cujas folhas têm sido usadas na medicina popular como emplastos à quente sobre a pele, para reduzir infecções causadas por fungos. As folhas frescas fragmentadas de Virola michelii, submetidas a uma hidrodestilação, forneceram um óleo volátil, que analisado pelo sistema cromatógrafo gasoso acoplado ao espectrômetro de massas permitiu a identificação de um monoterpeno e dezessete sesquiterpenos. O extrato etanólico das folhas de V. michelii submetido ao fracionamento por partição de solventes em acetato de etila e metanol/água rendeu frações, que por evaporação do solvente, deram origem aos respectivos resíduos. Estes, submetidos a técnicas cromatográficas, permitiram o isolamento de três substâncias, sendo duas lignanas furofurânicas, “eudesmina” {rel-(1S,2R,5R,6S)-2,6-di-(3,4–dimetoxifenil)-3,7- dioxabiciclo[3.3.0]octano} e “filigenol” {rel-(1S,2S,5R,6R)-6-(4-hidróxi-3-metoxifenil)-2-(3,4- dimetoxifenil)-3,7-dioxabiciclo[3.3.0]octano} e um fitosterol, o β-sitosterol. A elucidação estrutural foi baseada na interpretação dos espectros de ressonância magnética nuclear de 1 H e de 13C e espectro de massas. As lignanas furofurânicas isoladas foram submetidas a testes para atividades antioxidantes com o radical DPPH em ensaio fotométrico. A substância filigenol se mostrou mais ativa que a substância eudesmina, em ensaio que empregou como padrão a quercetina
Evolution of Reproductive Isolation of Spodoptera frugiperda
No full textSpodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm, is a noctuid moth occurring in North and South America. In this species, two host strains have been identified in the late 1980s (Pashley et al. 1985; Pashley 1986), a so-called corn-strain and a so-called rice-strain. The two strains differ in mitochondrial DNA sequences in the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase 1(ND1) genes. There are also strain-specific amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP), restriction length fragment polymorphisms (RFLP), a so-called Frugiperda Rice (FR) repetitive nuclear DNA sequence, present in high copy number in the rice-strain and mostly lower copy number in the corn-strain and nucleotide polymorphisms within the triose phosphate isomerase gene (Tpi). Recently, sex pheromone differences have been found between populations of the two strains. However, these differences were not consistent between the studies, suggesting that geographic variation may be confounded with strain-specific variation, or that pheromones may vary within strains as well. The relative importance of the pheromone differences between the two strains still needs to be established, i.e. are males of the two strains differentially attracted to the different pheromone blends. Since other physiological, developmental, and behavioral differences have been found between the strains, in this overview we integrate strain-specific variation in sexual communication with other possible pre- and postmating barriers that are likely involved in the differentiation between the two strains.Fil: Groot, Astrid T.. University of Amsterdam; Países BajosFil: Unbehend, Melanie. Instituto Max Planck Institut für Chemische Okologie; AlemaniaFil: Hänniger, Sabine. Instituto Max Planck Institut für Chemische Okologie; AlemaniaFil: Juárez, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Kost, Silvia. Instituto Max Planck Institut für Chemische Okologie; AlemaniaFil: Heckel, David G.. Instituto Max Planck Institut für Chemische Okologie; Alemani
Measurement of the production of high-p(T) electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV
No full textElectrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays (charm and beauty) were measured with the ALICE detector in Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass of energy root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. The transverse momentum (pT) differential production yields at mid-rapidity were used to calculate the nuclear modification factor R-AA in the interval 3 < p(T) < 18 GeV/c. The R-AA shows a strong suppression compared to binary scaling of pp collisions at the same energy (up to a factor of 4) in the 10% most central Pb-Pb collisions. There is a centrality trend of suppression, and a weaker suppression (down to a factor of 2) in semi-peripheral (50-80%) collisions is observed. The suppression of electrons in this broad p(T) interval indicates that both charm and beauty quarks lose energy when they traverse the hot medium formed in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC. (C) 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
K S 0 - and (anti-) Λ -hadron correlations in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV
No full textAbstract Two-particle Azimuthal correlations are measured with the ALICE apparatus in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV to explore strangeness- and multiplicity-related effects in the fragmentation of jets and the transition regime between bulk and hard production, probed with the condition that a strange meson ( K S 0 ) or baryon ( Λ ) with transverse momentum p T > 3 GeV/ c is produced. Azimuthal correlations between kaons or Λ hyperons with other hadrons are presented at midrapidity for a broad range of the trigger ( 3 < p T trigg < 20 GeV/ c ) and associated particle p T (1 GeV/ c < p T assoc < p T trigg ), for minimum-bias events and as a function of the event multiplicity. The near- and away-side peak yields are compared for the case of either K S 0 or Λ ( Λ ¯ ) being the trigger particle with that of inclusive hadrons (a sample dominated by pions). In addition, the measurements are compared with predictions from PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC event generators
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