61 research outputs found
Effect of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Flour, Oil and Probiotic Based Feed Provision on Bodyweight, Lipid Profile and C-Reactive Protein of Aged Female Cynomolgus Monkey.
No full textNowadays population of elderly people are increasing. The elderly are one among vulnerable groups due to weakening of immune. The aging process is related to the changes of BMI (Body Mass Index). The increase of obesity on the elderly is followed by the increase of prevalence of chronic diseases such as atherosclerocis, cognitive impairement, diabetic, hypertention, heart disease. Hence, alternative formulated specific food for elderly is urgently needed. The aim of research was to study the effect of catfish’ (Clarias gariepinus) flour, oil and probiotic E. faecium IS-27526 based feed provision on bodyweight, lipid profile and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) of aged female cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). This study was conducted from March to august 2013 in Primate Research Center Bogor Agricultural University, Microbiology laboratory of Seafast and Atmajaya University, PT Carmelitha Lestari. This study consisted of two phases: a preliminary phase and the main phase. Preparation of animal and diet was conducted in preliminary phase. The age was determined by dentition, with body weight in a range of 2 – 4 kg. Animals were placed in the individual cages in the position where they can interact audiovisually. Nine aged female cynolmolgus monkeys were randomly divided into three groups, namely: standard diet (A1) group, standard diet + probiotic Enterococcus faecium IS-27526 (A2) group, standard diet + probiotic Enterococcus faecium IS-27526 + catfish oil (A3) group. Evaluation of bodyweight, blood lipid profile, and CRP were conducted monthly during 3 months intervention study. During intervention, there was no significant effect (p>0.05) of experimental diets on body weight in each group. However, probiotic tended to reduce the overweight risk. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels of monkeys with probiotic diet tended to be lower than other groups. There was no significant effect of the functional feed to triglyceride level and HDL cholesterol level, but the result showed monkeys fed with fish’ oil and probiotic E. faecium IS-27526 tended to decrease the triglyceride level compared with other groups. There was no effect of experimental diets on CRP which is marked by negative result of CRP test. Taken together, provision of probiotic diet (A2) reduced increment of body weight. Catfish oil tended to delay increment of trigliceryde. This study was expected to have a positive impact when applied to the elderly
Pengaruh Prebiotik Inulin dan Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) terhadap Pertumbuhan Tiga Jenis Probiotik.
No full textPerkembangan produk pangan fungsional semakin pesat seiring dengan meningkatnya gaya hidup masyarakat yang memusatkan perhatian pada makanan yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Produk pangan fungsional yang turut berkembang adalah produk probiotik, prebiotik, serta sinbiotik. Jenis probiotik lokal yang telah banyak diteliti adalah E. faecium IS-27526 dan L. plantarum IS- 10506, isolat dari dadih susu fermentasi tradisional asal Sumatra Barat. Probiotik komersial yang umum dikonsumsi masyarakat adalah L. casei strain Shirota atas izin Yakult. Penambahan probiotik ke dalam produk pangan seringkali ditunjang dengan prebiotik. Prebiotik yang umum digunakan adalah inulin dan fruktooligosakarida (FOS). Aplikasi prebiotik yang ditambahkan sebaiknya dapat mendukung pertumbuhan probiotik sehingga diperlukan pengujian terlebih dahulu untuk melihat interaksi di antara keduanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh prebiotik inulin dan FOS terhadap pertumbuhan probiotik E. faecium IS-27526, L. plantarum IS- 10605 dan L. casei strain Shirota, sehingga penelitian ini akan bermanfaat untuk aplikasi produk pangan khususnya produk sinbiotik, yaitu produk dengan gabungan probiotik dan prebiotik. Pengaruh prebiotik dilihat dari pertumbuhan E. faecium IS-27526 pada empat jenis media, yaitu kontrol m-MRSB (MRSB tanpa glukosa), m-MRSB + Glukosa 1% (b/v), m-MRSB + Inulin 1% (b/v), dan m-MRSB + FOS 1% (b/v). Pengukuran pertumbuhan dari nilai absorbansi dan hitungan cawan (log cfu/ml), pH media, dan nilai Total Asam Tertitrasi (% asam laktat) media dilakukan setiap 4 jam selama 24 jam inkubasi pada 37oC. Pengujian pengaruh prebiotik terhadap L. plantarum IS-10506 dan L. casei strain Shirota dilakukan dalam kontrol m- MRSB, m-MRSB + Inulin 1% (b/v), dan m-MRSB + FOS 1% (b/v) dengan pengukuran pH dan TAT (% asam laktat) setiap 4 jam selama 12 jam inkubasi pada suhu 37oC serta hitungan cawan (log cfu/ml) pada jam ke-0, 8, dan 12. Analisis statistik ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan analisis lanjutan uji Tukey digunakan pada data hasil hitungan cawan, pH, dan TAT (% asam laktat). Probiotik E. faecium IS-27526 menunjukkan pertumbuhan tertinggi pada media mengandung glukosa (9.3 log cfu/ml) pada waktu inkubasi 12 jam. E. faecium IS-27526 dapat memfermentasi FOS 1% (b/v) menjadi asam laktat yang menurunkan pH dan meningkatkan nilai TAT (% asam laktat) media, serta mendukung pertumbuhan E. faecium IS-27526 (8.8 log cfu/ml) pada waktu inkubasi 8 jam. E. faecium IS-27526 tidak dapat memanfaatkan inulin karena kurva pertumbuhannya sama dengan pada media kontrol m-MRSB. Pertumbuhan memanfaatkan nutrisi pada m-MRSB, bukan karena pemanfaatan inulin. Selain itu, tidak terjadi penurunan nilai pH maupun peningkatan TAT (% asam laktat) pada media mengandung inulin. Probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 dapat memanfaatkan inulin dan FOS dilihat dari penurunan pH dan peningkatan nilai TAT (% asam laktat) media prebiotik dibanding kontrol m-MRSB. Pertumbuhan L. plantarum IS-10506 setelah inkubasi 12 jam pada kedua jenis prebiotik berbeda signifikan (p<0.05) dengan kontrol m-MRSB. L. plantarum IS-10506 tumbuh signifikan terbaik (p<0.05) pada media inulin (10.3 log cfu/ml) dibanding media lainnya. Pertumbuhan tertinggi pada prebiotik FOS ditunjukkan oleh L. plantarum IS- 10506 dengan jumlah sel hidup sebesar 9.5 log cfu/ml. L. plantarum IS-10506 memanfaatkan inulin lebih baik karena dapat mencapai 9.5 log cfu/ml dalam waktu inkubasi 8 jam, sedangkan membutuhkan waktu 12 jam dalam media FOS. L. casei strain Shirota dapat memanfaatkan kedua jenis prebiotik dilihat dari peningkatan pertumbuhan, penurunan pH media, dan peningkatan nilai TAT (% asam laktat) media. Rata-rata pertumbuhan L. casei strain Shirota pada inulin berbeda signifikan (p<0.05) dengan kontrol, namun tidak berbeda dengan FOS. Pertumbuhan L. casei strain Shirota tertinggi (10.0 log cfu/ml) pada waktu inkubasi 12 jam terjadi dalam media inulin. Jumlah sel hidup L. casei strain Shirota dalam media FOS adalah 9.2 log cfu/ml. Prebiotik inulin dapat dimanfaatkan oleh probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 dan L. casei strain Shirota untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya, namun tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh E. faecium IS-27526. Sedangkan prebiotik fruktooligosakarida (FOS) dapat dimanfaatkan oleh ketiga jenis probiotik
Modulation of Gut Microbiota Profile and Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Rats Fed with Taro Flour or Taro Starch
No full textTo investigate the effect of flour and starch of the Indonesian native tuber "taro" on the composition and activity of the gut microbiota in diabetic rats, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were fed normal chow (AIN), or AIN in which corn starch was replaced by either taro flour or purified taro starch for 4 weeks. Fecal samples were collected at baseline and after 4 weeks, and the composition of microbial communities was measured using 16S rRNA sequencing, while SCFAs were measured using ion chromatography. Bodyweight declined upon DM induction with STZ. Feeding taro starch led to a lower reduction in bodyweight than feeding taro starch, but this was only significant for taro starch in weeks 2, 3, and 4 (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). Both taro starch and taro flour induced changes in the gut microbiota composition compared to AIN, which were different for taro flour and taro starch. Bifidobacterium, Sutterella, and Prevotella were markers for taro flour feeding, while Anaerostipes was a marker for taro starch feeding. Induction of diabetes also led to changes in the microbiota composition. Random Forest correctly predicted for 16 of 18 samples whether rats were diabetic or not and correctly predicted 6 of 12 microbiota samples belonging to either taro flour- or taro starch-fed groups, indicating also some significant overlap in the substrate, as expected. Taro starch and taro flour both led to a significant increase in the fecal concentrations of acetate, propionate, and butyrate.</p
Peer Reviewers of JMH Volume 1 Number 3 February 2016
No full textWe would like to thank our peer reviewers for the precious contributions in providing clinical,scientific, and methodological expertise for JMH Volume 1 Number 3. We appreciate everythoughtful review of submitted manuscripts and for making important contributions to improve thescientific quality of articles published in JMH. We listed the names in alphabetical order.Dr.dr.Agung Budi,Sp.BSdr. Amaylia Oehadian,Sp.PD-KHOMProf. Dr. Ambrosius Purba, dr.,MS.,AIFOdr.Cherry Azaria, M.Kesdr.Decky Gunawan,M.Kesdr. Djaja Rusmana, M.Si.dr Dono Pranoto, SpB., M.Kesdr. Frecillia Regina,Sp.A.,IBCLCDr. dr. Hana Ratnawati, M.Kes., PA(K)Ingrid S. Surono, PhDProf.dr. Jeanne A. Pawitan, MS, PhDdr. Justin Ginting, Sp.Raddr. Laella Kinghua Liana,Sp.PA,M.Kesdrg. Linda Sari Sembiring, Sp.KGADr. dr. Meilinah Hidayat, M.KesProf. Dr. dr. M. Nurhalim Shahibdrg. Ruslin,Sp.BM.,M.KesProf. Dr. dr. Susy Tjahjani, M.KesProf. dr. Wahyuni Lukita Atmadja, PhD.dr. Yenni Limyati, Sp.KFR.,M.Kes</jats:p
Chemical and Aerobic Bacterial Composition of “Terasi”, a Traditional Fermented Product from Indonesia
No full textBacterial mutagenicity of terasi and antimutagenicity of Indonesian jasmine tea against terasi
No full textI am better than I look: genome based safety assessment of the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IS-10506
No full textAbstract Background Safety of probiotic strains that are used in human and animal trials is a prerequisite. Genome based safety assessment of probiotics has gained popularity due its cost efficiency and speed, and even became a part of national regulation on foods containing probiotics in Indonesia. However, reliability of the safety assessment based only on a full genome sequence is not clear. Here, for the first time, we sequenced, assembled, and analysed the genome of the probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IS-10506, that was isolated from dadih, a traditional fermented buffalo milk. The strain has already been used as a probiotic for more than a decade, and in several clinical trials proven to be completely safe. Methods The genome of the probiotic strain L. plantarum IS-10506 was sequenced using Nanopore sequencing technology, assembled, annotated and screened for potential harmful (PH) and beneficial genomic features. The presence of the PH features was assessed from general annotation, as well as with the use of specialised tools. In addition, PH regions in the genome were compared to all other probiotic and non-probiotic L. plantarum strains available in the NCBI RefSeq database. Results For the first time, a high-quality complete genome of L. plantarum IS-10506 was obtained, and an extensive search for PH and a beneficial signature was performed. We discovered a number of PH features within the genome of L. plantarum IS-10506 based on the general annotation, including various antibiotic resistant genes (AMR); however, with a few exceptions, bioinformatics tools specifically developed for AMR detection did not confirm their presence. We further demonstrated the presence of the detected PH genes across multiple L. plantarum strains, including probiotics, and overall high genetic similarities between strains. Conclusion The genome of L. plantarum IS-10506 is predicted to have several PH features. However, the strain has been utilized as a probiotic for over a decade in several clinical trials without any adverse effects, even in immunocompromised children with HIV infection and undernourished children. This implies the presence of PH feature signatures within the probiotic genome does not necessarily indicate their manifestation during administration. Importantly, specialized tools for the search of PH features were found more robust and should be preferred over manual searches in a general annotation
VIABILITAS BAKTERI PROBIOTIK IN-VITRO DAN PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR OKSIGEN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI PROBIOTIK SECARA IN-VIVO
Get PDFThe aim of this study were to identify the in-vitro tolerance of pro-biotic bacteria to acid and bile salt condition; and to prove a hypothesis that the supplementation of oxygenated water has a positive effect on the body weight of rat and on viability of pro-biotic bacteria. The first study was carried out at PAU Laboratory of Bogor Agricultural University, while the second study was conducted at Department of Community Nutrition of Bogor Agricultural University and Microbiology Laboratory of Indonesia Institute of Technology. Forty five rats aged 6 weeks were divided into three groups, i.e., control group without probiotic (a0), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (a1), and Lactobacillus IS-7257 (a2). Each group (consisting of 5 rats each) has three different treatments, namely, control without oxygenated water (b0), 50 ppm oxygenated water (b2), and 80 ppm oxygenated water (b2). Oxygenated water was administered to the rats twice a day in the morning (3.25 ml) and afternoon (3.00 ml). Observation was carried out on the body weight of the rats, fecal lactic acid bacteria, coliform, and anaerob bacteria by plate counting, for 4 periods, i.e, prior to the treatment (C0), after three-day treatment (C1), after seven-day treatment (C2), and on the 10th day treatment or three days after washed out period. The results indicated that probiotic bacteria are resistant to acid and bile acid condition. Oxygen concentration in water has a significant positive influence on the body weight of rats towards viability of probiotic bacteria (p-level < 0.05). The supplementation of oxygenated water 50 ppm significantly increase the population of viable fecal lactic acid bacteria in L. casei Shirota and Lactobacillus IS-7257 groups after 3 and 7 days of treatment. Lactobacillus IS-7257 gave better response than L. casei Shirota. The supplementation of oxygenated water 80 ppm significantly reduces the fecal coliform in-vivo in both L. casei Shirota and Lactobacillus IS-7257 groups (p-level < 0.05)
Low glycemic load after digestion of native starch from the indigenous tuber Belitung Taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) in a dynamic in vitro model of the upper GI tract (TIM-1)
No full textBackground: Low glycemic foods are beneficial for people with type II diabetes. At the same time, sustained glucose release is also beneficial for people suffering from glycogen storage diseases. Taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is a tuber indigenous to Indonesia, which has starch as the major storage carbohydrate. Objective: The aim of the current study was to determine the speed of digestion of native and modified taro starch, compared to free glucose and wheat starch. Design: This was investigated in a validated, dynamic computer-controlled in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine (TIM-1). Samples were taken from the dialysate, which reflected glucose absorbed in the blood stream. Results: Native taro starch showed a ~1.5-fold reduced digestibility compared to glucose and a ~ 1.35-fold compared to wheat starch. In addition, digestion of native taro starch was moved towards the ileum, and later in time compared to glucose and wheat. With modified taro starch, these effects were not observed. Conclusion: In conclusion, native taro starch showed a lower glycemic load than wheat starch and modified taro starch and could be used as a substitute for refined foods by diabetics and people suffering from other glucose metabolic diseases.</p
Gut microbiota profile of Indonesian stunted children and children with normal nutritional status
Get PDFThe gut microbiota has been shown to play a role in energy metabolism of the host. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may predispose to obesity on the one hand, and stunting on the other. The aim of the study was to study the difference in gut microbiota composition of stunted Indonesian children and children of normal nutritional status between 3 and 5 years. Fecal samples and anthropometric measurements, in addition to economic and hygiene status were collected from 78 stunted children and 53 children with normal nutritional status in two regions in Banten and West Java provinces: Pandeglang and Sumedang, respectively. The gut microbiota composition was determined by sequencing amplicons of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The composition was correlated to nutritional status and anthropometric parameters. Macronutrient intake was on average lower in stunted children, while energy-loss in the form of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) appeared to be higher in stunted children. In stunted children, at the phylum level the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (44.4%) was significantly lower than in normal children (51.3%; p-value 2.55*10-4), while Firmicutes was significantly higher (45.7% vs. 39.8%; p-value 5.89*10-4). At the genus level, overall Prevotella 9 was the most abundant genus (average of 27%), and it was significantly lower in stunted children than in normal children (23.5% vs. 30.5%, respectively; q-value 0.059). Thirteen other genera were significantly different between stunted and normal children (q-value < 0.1), some of which were at low relative abundance and present in only a few children. Prevotella 9 positively correlated with height (in line with its higher relative abundance in normal children) and weight. In conclusion, Prevotella 9, which was the most abundant genus in the children, was significantly lower in stunted children. The abundance of Prevotella has been correlated with dietary fibre intake, which was lower in these stunted children. Since fibres are fermented by the gut microbiota into SCFA, and these SCFA are a source of energy for the host, increasing the proportion of Prevotella in stunted children may be of benefit. Whether this would prevent the occurrence of stunting or even has the potential to revert it, remains to be seen in follow up research.</p
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