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Depictions of the Chinese Claim of the Nine-Dash Line in Cinemas
Full text linkBarbie (2023) becomes one of the most anticipated films worldwide in 2023. However, this is not the case for
the Vietnamese, as the authority has announced that the film would be banned. The reason: it features the
Nine-Dash Line, the controversial China's claim over the ownership of the South China Sea. This claim brews
territorial disputes with the surrounding countries: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam,
from which it has emerged as a significant geopolitical flashpoint for decades. Nevertheless, Barbie (2023) is
only one of the cinemas that have faced scrutiny and censorship due to the depictions of this contentious issue.
The last five years have also seen Crazy Rich Asians (2018), Pine Gap series (2018), Put Your Head on My
Shoulder series (2019), Abominable (2019), and Uncharted (2022) experience the similar fate as Barbie (2023)
in Vietnam, the Philippines, or Malaysia. This paper aims to examine the depiction of the Nine-Dash Line in
each cinema mentioned and the responses of other claimant countries, considering public reactions, diplomatic
protests, and censorship measures. The depiction of the Nine-Dash Line in cinemas shows that the depiction of
any sensitive geopolitical issues can lead to diplomatic tensions. As governments seek to protect their best
national interests, they engage in censorship or ban the cinemas from being shown in their territories altogether.
Keyword Nine-Dash Line, South China Sea, territorial dispute, depiction, cinem
Komentar dan Pembahasan Pasal Demi Pasal Terhadap UU No 25 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanaman Modal
Full text linkPROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AT MERAUKE REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, MERAUKE REGENCY, SOUTH PAPUA, JANUARY 2021 – DECEMBER 2024
Full text linkPulmonary MDR-TB is tuberculosis that is resistant to first-line drugs, especially isoniazid and rifampicin, due to genetic mutations at drug target sites, so it requires combinations of drugs from Groups A and B, and if needed, Group C.
This descriptive study used medical records of MDR-TB patients treated at Merauke Regional Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 and was analyzed univariately with SPSS version 26. Most patients were 18–59 years old (90.6%), female (53.1%), and had a history of previous TB treatment (89.3%), with a small proportion experiencing treatment interruption and treatment failure. Comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (6.3%) and HIV (18.8%), and the mortality rate was relatively high at 40.6%
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FORMALDEHYDE VAPOR EXPOSURE AND EYE IRRITATION AND UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION DURING ANATOMY LABORATORY SESSIONS
Full text linkFormaldehyde is routinely used to preservecadavers for anatomy practicums; however,volatilization releases airborne formaldehyde that canacutely irritate the eyes and upper respiratory tract.According to the WHO, irritation may be triggered at0.08–2.52 ppm during 30 minutes of exposure. Thiscomparative cross-sectional study involved 130 medicalstudents (Faculty of Medicine, Universitas KristenIndonesia/UKI; 2020 cohort) and examined theassociation between measured formaldehydeconcentrations and acute irritative symptoms duringanatomy practicum. Air measurements in the practicumroom were 0.595 ppm (intact cadaver specimens) and0.395 ppm (organ specimens), both reported to exceedthe WHO limit and Indonesia’s Ministry of Manpower(PERMENAKER) threshold. The most common eyesymptoms were eye stinging/pain (n=119; 91.5%),watery eyes (n=102; 78.5%), red eyes (n=42; 32.2%),and itchy eyes (n=37; 28.5%), with additionalcomplaints including a history of eye irritation (n=22;29.2%), eye discomfort (n=19; 14.6%), and eye swelling(n=11; 8.5%). Upper respiratory symptoms includednasal stinging (n=75; 57.7%), runny nose (n=57; 43.8%),shortness of breath (n=32; 24.6%), sneezing (n=25;19.2%), cough (n=24; 18.5%), difficulty swallowing(n=17; 13.1%), nausea/vomiting (n=16; 12.3%),hoarseness (n=14; 10.8%), and itchy throat (n=10;7.7%)
Natural and Synthetic Mosquito Repellents: Efficacy, Safety, Formulation Challenges and Future Directions
Full text linkAims: to reveal effective plant-based mosquito repellent products as personal protection.
Discussion: Mosquitoes are among the most annoying hematophagy insects affecting human population. Mosquitoes are key vectors for severe diseases like malaria, dengue, lymphatic filariasis, yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis, which represent significant global public health challenges, particularly as climate change expands their habitats. Personal protection through mosquito repellents is essential in integrated vector management strategies. This review compiles current scientific findings on both synthetic and plant-based mosquito repellents, focusing on their mechanisms, effectiveness, safety, environmental impact, and formulation methods.
Synthetic repellents such as DEET, picaridin, and IR3535 are known for their long-lasting efficacy; however, concerns regarding toxicity and environmental persistence, as well as shifting consumer preferences, have sparked renewed interest in natural alternatives. Essential oils and botanical extracts are biodegradable options but face limitations due to their shorter effectiveness, volatility, and instability in formulations.
Recent advancements in formulation science, such as nano-encapsulation, lipid-based carriers, and controlled-release systems, show promise in enhancing the stability, effectiveness, and consumer acceptance of natural repellents. This review identifies existing knowledge gaps and emphasizes the need for standardized evaluation methods, improved delivery systems, and collaborative research to promote the development of safe, cost-effective, and sustainable mosquito repellent solutions
Conclusion: The effort to establish a robust scientific basis for plant-based insect repellents is a significant and ongoing area of research, driven by a desire for safer, more sustainable alternatives to hazardous synthetic chemicals. These effort, however, need further work to validate reliability.
Keywords: Vector, control, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, safety, natural, chemica
Pengaruh Insentif dan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Erima Baja Jaya
Full text linkPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat memahami sejauh mana insentif dan lingkungan kerja dapat berperan dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di PT. Erima Baja Jaya. Latar belakang penelitian ini muncul dari sejadian dimana menurunnya performa kerja karyawan dan adanya ketidakseimbangan dalam sistem pemberian insentif, serta kondisi lingkungan seacra fisik yang dinilai belum optimal.
Pendekatan yang dipergunakan pada kajian ini yaitu melalui metode kuantitatif deskriptif asosiatif. Peneliti melibatkan seluruh karyawan tetap pada bagian operator yang berjumlah 36 orang, dan keseluruhannya dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian dengan metode sensus. Data juga dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioener, kemudian dianalisis dengan mempergunakan regresi linear berganda mempergunakan bantuin dari program SPSS.
Temuan dari studi yang dilaksanakan menunjukkan jika insentif berdampak positif pada kinerja karyawan, begitu juga dengan lingkuan kerja fisik yang dimana turut memberikan dampak secara positif. Dengan bersamaan, kedua variabel ini terbukti mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan pada peningkatan kinerja. Temuan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pemberian insentif yang adil serta penciptaan lingkungan kerja fisik yang nyaman dapat mendorong karyawan guna bekerja lebih baik di PT. Erima Jaya
Kata Kunci: Insentif, Lingkungan Kerja Fisik, Kinerja Karyawan. / This research aims to explore how incentives and the physical work environment contribute to improving employee performance at PT. Erima Baja Jaya. The study was inspired by the phenomenon of declining employee performance, inconsistencies in the incentive system, and a less-than-optimal physical work environment.
A quantitative descriptive associative approach was employed in this study. The research involved all 36 permanent employees working as operators, who were also taken as the total sample using the census method. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of the SPSS software.
The findings reveal that incentives have a positive influence on employee performance, and the physical work environment also plays a significant positive role. Simultaneously, both variables show a meaningful and significant effect on performance improvement. These results highlight that fair incentive distribution and a comfortable physical work environment can effectively motivate employees to perform better and contribute more positively at PT. Erima Baja Jaya.
Keywords: Incentives, Physical Work Environment, Employee Performance
Jaran Kepang Papat: From the Indigenous Dancing to the Contemporary Practice in Strengthening the Theological Value of Salvation
Full text linkThis research aims to show that indigenous dancing expresses religious teaching through its rites and rituals, which must be performed in the community as a way of life in strengthening the value of theology of salvation. Jaran Kepang Papat is the indigenous dance of the Javanese, and it expresses the dogma of prayers for salvation and prosperity through the movement and songs conducted. This intersection uses the sociology of religion method through analytical and logical writing. Therefore, this article argues that the value of the indigenous dancing Jaran Kepang Papat quickens the theological value of salvation through the perspective of Sedulur Papat Kalima Pancer. As a result, this study finds that Jaran Kepang Papat's dancing highlights the theological concept of salvation in Christianity through the forming of behavior and attitude in society. This study concludes that Jaran Kepang Papat's dancing proves that local culture and dogma are mutually reinforced in society
Post-Dural Puncture Headache: A Case Report
Full text linkThe purpose of the study is to present a complicated case who present an unwanted severe
headache which occur in a patient receiving a spinal or epidural injection. We report the case of a
64-year-old male patient who underwent skin transplantation, namely split-thickness skin graft
(STSG) on the right instep using a 26 G Quincke spinal needle. After successful plastic surgery
which lasts 90 minutes using spinal anesthesia, postoperatively, the patient was admitted to the
recovery room and instructed to rest in bed for 12 hours, and also not to sit and lift the head. After
the motoric strength of both legs is normal (Bromage scale 0) the patient may tilt left-right, given RL
infusion 30 tpm, and ketorolac analgesic injection 30 mg IV. In the recovery room the patient
allowed to drink and eat as usual. But just after four hours, the patient goes to the bathroom to
urinate, and at that moment the patient felt a sudden severe headache. The patient had to be
helped by his family to get back to bed and lie down and after 15 minutes, the complaints subsided.
The doctor on duty who was reported by the nurse about this incident asked the patient to rest in
bed for 24 hours until the complaint completely disappears. In the following day, the patient
discharged from the hospital in good condition. Despite its frequency and impact, PDPH remains
poorly understood, and further research is needed to elucidate its actual scope of the problem, its
pathophysiology and optimal management. Keywords: Neuraxial block; severe; temporary; spinal needle; cranial hypotension; brain sagging;
pathophysiology; management
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Sengketa Hak Cipta Terkait Sistem Pemesanan Ojek Online (on demand service) (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 96/Pdt.Sus-Hak Cipta/2022/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst Jo No. 1033K/Pdt.Sus-Hak Cipta/2023.
Full text linkPenelitian ini dilakukan seiring dengan semakin banyaknya sengketa hak cipta yang terjadi di Indonesia. Kekayaan Intelektual merupakan suatu proses hak yang timbul berasal dari hasil olah pikir manusia yang dapat menghasilkan atau menciptakan suatu produk atau proses yang berguna untuk manusia. Terlebih lagi pada era globalisasi yang terjadi seperti saat ini, segala sesuatu informasi dapat mudah untuk diperoleh melalui jaringan internet. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap hak cipta berdasarkan ketentuan undang-undang no 28 tahun 2014 tentang hak cipta dan bagaimana pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam sengketa putusan No/96pdt.sus-Hak Cipta/2022.PN JKT.Pst.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode jenis penelitian normatif yang dilakukan dengan cara pendekatan kasus atau case approach pustaka Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier.
Dari hasil penelitian, dapat diperoleh perspektif yuridis bahwa secara ketentuan undang-undang yang mengatur tentang hak cipta ditemukan beberapa ketentuan yang menyebabkan kekurangan pemahaman serta kepastian hukum yang timbul untuk para pencipta dalam menciptakan suatu karya