29,263 research outputs found
Philodoria kolea Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara 2018
No full text<i>Philodoria kolea</i> Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, 2018 <p>Figs. 7F, 34B, C, 35, 41D, 42D, 43D, 56F, 79I–K.</p> <p> <i>Philodoria kolea</i> Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, 2018: 132–137, 3, 5K, L, 7A–D, I, 12, 13, 14D</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (Big Island).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype ♂, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii (Big Island), 25.iv.2016, A. Kawakita leg., host: <i>Myrsine lessertiana</i> (understory shrub), Gen-Bank accession no. MF804825, IO-322, SK 851 in BPBM. The type series was mounted from emerged adult moths.</p> <p> Paratypes, in BPBM: 1♀, Kaumana Trail, Hilo, Hawaii (Big Island), 28.iv.2016, em., C.L. - Vaamonde & C. Doorenweerd leg., host: <i>Myrsine</i> sp., 20.iv.2016 (Cocoon), HILO016, SK 634♀. 1♀, Thurston lava tube (Nahuku), Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii Is., 13.v.2016, em., S. Kobayashi leg., host: <i>Myrsine lessertiana</i>, 25.iv.2016 (larva), SKH-05-1, SK 632♀; 1♀, same locality and data as holotype, IO-323, SK852; 2♀, same locality as holotype, 2& 24.v.2016, em., C.L. - Vaamonde & C. Doorenweerd leg., host: <i>Myrsine lessertiana</i>, 22.iv.2016 (larva), HILO020/SKH-15, SK 630♀, 631♀.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Among <i>Philodoria</i> species having similar fuscous forewing coloration (i.e., <i>P. epibathra</i> (Walsingham), <i>P. nigrella</i> (Walsingham) <i>P. pipturiana</i> Swezey, and <i>P. wilkesiella</i> Swezey (See Zimmerman 1978a)), <i>P. kolea</i> is distinguished by the white and bronze color bands on the forewing (Fig. 7F). The forewing pattern and genitalia are similar to those of other <i>Myrsine</i> mining species, <i>P. auromagnifica</i> and <i>P. succedanea</i>, but <i>P. kolea</i> completely lacks the orange markings (Fig. 7F).</p> <p> <b>Adult</b> (Fig. 7F, 34B, C, 35). Wingspan 6.7 mm in holotype, 6.6, 8.5 mm in paratypes. <b>Male genitalia</b> (Figs. 41D, 42D, 43D) and <b>Female genitalia</b> (Fig. 56F). See also Kobayashi <i>et al</i>. (2018).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Hawaii (Big Island) (Kobayashi <i>et al</i>. 2018). <b>Host plants.</b> Primulaceae: <i>Myrsine lessertiana</i> A. DC. (Kobayashi <i>et al</i>. 2018).</p> <p> <b>Biology.</b> (Figs. 79I–K). Kobayashi <i>et al</i>. (2018: 136–137, figs. 12, 13, 14D) reported the leaf mine and pupal cocoon.</p>Published as part of <i>Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, pp. 1-175 in Zootaxa 4944 (1)</i> on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4681813">http://zenodo.org/record/4681813</a>
Eumetriochroa araliella Kobayashi, Huang & Hirowatari, sp. nov.
No full textEumetriochroa araliella Kobayashi, Huang & Hirowatari sp. nov. Figs. 2 E–H, 5, 9, 10, 17. Diagnosis. All Eumetriochroa species possess a forewing with vein R 1 (Fig. 5 A). The forewing pattern of this species is easily distingished from other species by the three dark greyish-brown oblique streaks (Fig. 2 E–H). The genital structure of this species is similar to E. hederae Kumata and E. miyatai Kumata, but it is distinguished from them by the bowl-shaped vinculum with saccus long virgulate in the male genitalia (Fig. 5 D, E) and very small signum in the female genitalia (Fig. 5 G). Adult. (Fig. 2 E–H). Wing expanse 6.0 mm in holotype, 5.0– 8.1 mm (6.9 mm in average of eleven paratype specimens) in paratypes. Vertex and frons lustrous white; vertex with lustrous white scales appressed on occiput. Labial palpus whitish, porrect, slightly upcurved, with pale blackish brown scales in the base. Maxillary palpus absent. Antennae as long as forewing, lustrous white annulated with whitish brown. Thorax white to pale brown. Abdomen dark grey. Anal tuft grey. Forewing. White with dark greyish-brown oblique streaks; first triangular patch from base to 1 / 5, second broad, at costal 1 / 3, third linear at costal 1 / 2, obscure and narrow from middle to dorsum, apical patches at 9 / 10 of wing. Cilia white and dark grey at costal area with one apical dark grey transverse strigula; sometimes a blackish apical spot at apex; terminal cilia white with fuscous fringe line near termen. Hindwing whitish grey or grey; cilia white. Wing venation (Fig. 5 A, B). Male genitalia (Fig. 5 C–F). Tegumen as long as valva. Vinculum bowl-shaped, with saccus long virgulate. Valva slender, acute at apex, with plumose setae occuring on interior part of apex. Aedeagus tubular, as long as valva; vesica without spines. Female genitalia (Fig. 5 G). Apophysis anterioris and apophysis posterioris slender. Ostium bursae membranous; ductus bursae long, tubular. Corpus bursae small, with very small signum on central part. Pupa. (Fig. 17). Pale yellow to ochreous, 2.8 –3.0 mm in length, 0.3–0.4 mm in diameter. Vertex with a short, triangular frontal process (Fig. 17 B, C, E). Clypeus with a pair of short setae (Fig. 17 A, B, F). Dorsum of A 2 –A 10 with a concentration of small spines in anterior portion (Fig. 17 G, H). A 10 furcated with a pair of beak-shaped processes from caudal apex, rolled dorsally (Fig. 17 I, J–L). Host plant. Dendropanax trifidus (Thunb.) Makino ex Hara, Evodiopanax innovans (Siebold & Zucc.) Nakai, Eleutherococcus sciadophylloides (Franch. & Sav.) H. Ohashi and Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch. (Araliaceae). Distribution. Japan (Mie, Nara, Fukuoka, Kagoshima (Amami Is.) Prefectures). Specimens examined Type material. 15 (53 4 Ƥ 6 exs). Adults: Holotype 3, Japan: Kumawata, Soni, Uda, Nara, 12.x. 2011 em., S. Kobayashi, Host: Evodiopanax innovans, 9.x. 2011 (ex pupa) (genitalia slide no. OPU-SK 366) in OPU. Paratypes 233 Ƥ 5 exs. Same host plants as holotype, [Nishi–rokuban–cho, Yuri–gaoka, Nabari, Mie]: 1 Ƥ, 23.xi. 2009 em., S. Kobayashi & S. Teramura, 8.xi. 2009 (ex larva); 13 1 Ƥ 1 ex, 23.x. 2010 em., S. Kobayashi, 16.x. 2010 (ex larva). [Hikosan, Fukuoka, H. Kuroko leg.]: 2 exs, 10 & 14.xi. 1954; 13 1 Ƥ, 4 & 22.x. 1955. 1 ex, 11.ix. 1959, Host: Eleutherococcus sciadophylloides. 1 ex, 3.v. 1957 in OPU. [Kuninao, Yamato, Amami, Kagoshima, S. Kobayashi leg., 6.iii. 2012 (ex pupa)]: 13 1 Ƥ 1 ex, 9–14.iii. 2012 em., Host: Dendropanax trifidus,; 13, 20– 22.iii. 2012 em., Host: Fatsia japonica Pupae: 5 exs. [Host: Evodiopanax innovans, S. Kobayashi leg.]: [Nishi–rokuban–cho, Yuri–gaoka, Nabari]: 1 ex, 23.x.2010, 16.x. 2010 (larva); 4 exs, 12 & 26.ix.2011, 10.ix. 2011 (ex larva). Etymology. The specific epithet, araliella, is derived from the family name of the host plant, Araliaceae. Biology. This species has 2–3 generations per year. The larvae emerged from July to November in Nara and Mie Prefectures. We observed larvae on Evodiopanax innovans forming a narrow, long serpentine mine; about 30 ~ cm in length, clear and colorless. The mines (Fig. 9 A–D) were only found on the abaxial epidermis of leaves, usually 1–3 mines per leaf. The late instar larva is 3.0–4.0 mm long and pale greenish yellow in coloration (Fig. 9 E–G). A pupal cocoon fold (white to creamy white, 4.5 –5.0 mm in length, 0.8 –1.0 mm in width) situated at the end of the mine, usually found along leaf margins (Fig. 9 H). We also observed the mined leaf of Fatsia japonica to be a narrow, long linear mine (whitish, about 20 ~ cm in length; 0.6–5 mm in width; brownish frass line: ~1.0 mm in width) (Fig. 10 C, E, F). A pupal cocoon fold (white, 9.0 mm in length, 2.0 mm in width) situated along leaf margins. Biotope. The Kumawata valley (type locality of E. araliella) is part of Tokai Nature Trail connecting Soni Vilage and Uda City (Murō Vil.), Nara Prefecture with a planted forest of Japanese cedar and cypress mixed with fagaceous trees and with few host plants (Fig. 1 E).Published as part of Kobayashi, Shigeki, Huang, Guo-Hua, Nakamura, Akihiro & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2013, Four new species of Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera) from China and Japan, and description of the pupal morphology of the genera Corythoxestis, Eumetriochroa, Guttigera, and Metriochroa, pp. 101-129 in Zootaxa 3619 (2) on pages 113-115, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/21886
Dimorphism in Histoplasma capsulatum: a model for the study of cell differentiation in pathogenic fungi
No full textSeveral fungi can assume either a filamentous or a unicellular morphology in response to changes in environmental conditions. This process, known as dimorphism, is a characteristic of several pathogenic fungi, e.g., Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and appears to be directly related to adaptation from a saprobic to a parasitic existence. H. capsulatum is the most extensively studied of the dimorphic fungi, with a parasitic phase consisting of yeast cells and a saprobic mycelial phase. In culture, the transition of H. capsulatum from one phase to the other can be triggered reversibly by shifting the temperature of incubation between 25 degrees C (mycelia) and 37 degrees C (yeast phase). Mycelia are found in soil and never in infected tissue, in contrast to the yeast phase, which is the only form present in patients. The temperature-induced phase transition and the events in establishment of the disease state are very likely to be intimately related. Furthermore, the temperature-induced phase transition implies that each growth phase is an adaptation to two critically different environments. A fundamental question concerning dimorphism is the nature of the signal(s) that responds to temperature shifts. So far, both the responding cell component(s) and the mechanism(s) remain unclear. This review describes the work done in the last several years at the biochemical and molecular levels on the mechanisms involved in the mycelium to yeast phase transition and speculates on possible models of regulation of morphogenesis in dimorphic pathogenic fungi
Kobayashi pseudometric on hyperkahler manifolds
No full textThe Kobayashi pseudometric on a complex manifold M is the maximal
pseudometric such that any holomorphic map from the Poincaré
disk to M is distance-decreasing. Kobayashi has conjectured that this
pseudometric vanishes on Calabi-Yau manifolds. Using ergodicity of
complex structures, we prove this result for any hyperk¨ahler manifold
if it admits a deformation with a Lagrangian fibration, and its Picard
rank is not maximal. The SYZ conjecture claims that any parabolic
nef line bundle on a deformation of a given hyperkähler manifold is
semi-ample. We prove that the Kobayashi pseudometric vanishes for
all hyperkähler manifolds satisfying the SYZ property. This proves the
Kobayashi conjecture for K3 surfaces and their Hilbert schemes
Ptilophora rufula Kobayashi 1994
No full textPtilophora rufula Kobayashi, 1994 (Figs 9–10; 21) Ptilophora rufula Kobayashi, 1994: Japan Heterocerists’ J. 177: 17, figs 1–4, 5 – 8; Wang, 1996: 201, fig.; Kishida & Kobayashi, 2002, Tinea 17 (2): 90; Schintlmeister, 2008: 322, figs 1554, 1557, pl. 32: 562 Ptilophora jezoensis rufula: Schintlmeister & Fang, 2001: 22; Wu & Fang, 2003: 650, fig. 412, pl. 7: 16. Specimens examined: Type material: Holotype. Male, TAIWAN. Yilan Hsien [Ilan County], Szuyuanakou [Siyuanyakou], 1800 m, 10 -XII- 1993, leg. H. Kobayashi; paratype, 1 ♂, same collecting data (NSMT). Additional specimens: TAIWAN. 3 males and 1 female, Ilan County, Siyuanyakou, 1900 m, 16 -XII- 2012, leg. M. Owada & S. Wu (coll. NMNS); 8 males and 1 female, same collecting data, (coll. NSMT); 2 males and 3 females, same collecting locality and date, leg. S. Wu, M. Owada (coll. TFRI); 1 female, Ilan County, Taipingshan, 1800 m, 15 -XII- 2012, leg. M. Owada, S. Wu & W. C. Chang (coll. NSMT); 2 males, Hualien County, Chin-ma Tunnel, 2400 m, 22 -XII- 2008, leg. H. H. Lin (coll. ESRI); 2 males, 17 -XII- 2012, leg. M. Owada & S. Wu (coll. NMNS); 4 males and 1 female, same collecting data (coll. NSMT); 1 male, same locality and date, leg. S. Wu & M. Owada (coll. TFRI); 1 male, Hualien County, Guanyuan, 2400m, 17 -XII- 2012, leg. M. Owada & S. Wu (coll. NSMT). FIGURE 1–10. Dorsal views of ptilodontine moths. 1–6. Himeropterx miraculosa Staudinger, 1887; 1, 2. Russian Far East (coll. BMNH); 3–5. Japan (coll. NSMT); 6. Guangdong, China (coll. NSMT); 7, 8. H. yui Okano, 1969 stat. nov., Taiwan (coll. TFRI); 9–10. Ptilophora rufula Kobayashi, 1994, Taiwan (coll. TFRI); 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. Male; 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Female. Bar scale= 10mm. Photos by Shipher Wu. Diagnosis. This species is related to the Japanese species P. nohirae (Matsumura, 1920). In external appearance, P. rufula can be distinguished from P. nohirae by its more reddish brown coloration and by showing a more distinct forewing discal spot. Male genitalia differences are mentioned in Kobayashi (1994). The female genitalia of P. rufula, when compared with European examples of P. plumigera (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) illustrated in Shintlmeister (2008: fig. 1553), do not show a pair of prominent processes on ostium bursae, but instead exhitit a smoothly transverse posterior margin. Description of female (Figs 10; 21). Wingspan 39–40 mm (n= 3). Eye large; antenna dark brown, filiform. Head, thorax and abdomen covered with hair-like chestnut-brown scales. Forewing elongate, chestnut-brown, semi-transparent, apex and tornus rounded; discal spot pale, chestnut brown, elliptical; postmedial line faint, slightly serrate; scales of fringe long, chestnut-brown. Hindwing light grey fringed with chestnut-brown, triangular, apex and tornus rounded; discal spot small, chestnut brown. Female genitalia—Ovipositor lobes membranous with short hair-like setae; both pairs of apophyses long and thin; ostium bursae sclerotized, posterior margin transverse; ductus bursae as long as posterior apophyses, basal portion sclerotized and curved, remainder membranous; corpus bursae membranous, small and sac-like. Distribution and bionomics. This species occurs at mid-altitudes in the broad-leaf primary forest of North and Central Taiwan where Acer hostplans such as A. morrisonense Hayata, A. kawakamii Koidzumi, A. serrulatum Hayata (Aceraceae) are abundant. The adults are univoltine, flying in December.Published as part of Wu, Shipher, Owada, Mamoru & Fu, Chien-Ming, 2013, Rediscovery of two rare ptilodontines in Taiwan: Himeropteryx yui Okano, 1969 stat. nov. and Ptilophora rufula Kobayashi, 1994 (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae), pp. 193-197 in Zootaxa 3702 (2) on pages 194-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/21808
Shomeisho 證明書, affidavit
No full textAn affidavit written by Kobayashi Trading Company in Tokyo to the Mayor of Yokohama City Naka Ward. It confirms that Tsugitada Kanamori used to work for the Kobayashi Trading Company as a Tokyo office from January 1, 1953 through December 31, 1953.This collection contains one box of documents belonging to Tsugitada Kanamori. Materials in this collection mostly pertain to Kanamori’s efforts regarding canceling his renunciation and reinstating his American citizenship
A Determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Parameter |Vus|_ Using KL Decays
No full textThe KTev experiment was performed at Fermilab to determine the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa parameter |Vus| based on new measurements of the six largest KL branching fractions and semileptonic forms factors. The |Vus| was found to be equivalent to 0.2252±0. 0008KTeV±0.0021ext , where the errors were from KTeV measurements and from external sources. The CP violation parameter |η+-|=(2.228±0.005fKTeV±0.009 ext) ×10-3 was determined using the measured branching fractions. The results indicate that the improved form factor measurements may help to reduce theoretical uncertainties in f+(0)
Cheumatopsyche uchidai Kobayashi
No full textCheumatopsyche uchidai Kobayashi Cheumatopsyche uchidai Kobayashi, 1987: 40. Type locality. Taiwan. New records: TAIWAN: Nan Tow Co., Lienhuachi Exp. For. Sta. 15 km SW Puli, forest, 750 m, 22– 26.v.1980 [D. R. Davis] - 2 males, 12 females (NMNH), 1male, 1 female (OPC); Kao Hsiung Co. 10–11 km NE Chiashien, forest, 300 m, 3–8.vi.1980 [D. R. Davis] - 2 males, 4 females (NMNH); Tai Nan Co. 350 m, 2– 3 km S Kwantzuling, bamboo shrub, 26–28.vi.1980 [D. R. Davis] - 4 males (NMNH).Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on page 19
Common origin of the strong CP and CKM phases in string compactifications
No full textWe explore the scenario where both the strong CP and Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) phases are determined by the same axion field. Such a scenario is naturally realized in string compactifications. We find that there exists parameter region to realize the tiny strong CP phase and observed CKM phase in magnetized D-brane models. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V
Pseudoholomorphic mappings and Kobayashi hyperbolicity
No full textAbstractWe extend the definition of the Kobayashi pseudodistance to almost complex manifolds and show that its familiar properties are for the most part preserved. We also study the automorphism group of an almost complex manifold. We give special consideration to almost complex structures tamed by some symplectic form. The notions and pseudoholomorphic curves involved are illustrated in some examples
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