247 research outputs found
Predictors of Meaningfulness of Life among Tuvans Living in Rural Areas and Cities of Tuva
No full textThe article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of the value-semantic sphere of Tuvans living in remote rural areas of Tuva. The assumption was tested that one of the predictors of meaningfulness among Tuvans may be ethnicity: features of ethnic identity and values. Tuvans living in three rural districts of Tuva (Erzin, Mugur-Aksy, Toora-Khem) and Kyzyl were compared. 825 people were recruited for this study. To test this assumption, the multiple linear regression method was used: the dependent variable was the indicators of the PIL test, and the indicators of the “Values Questionnaire” by S. Schwartz and “Types of Ethnic Identity” (S.V. Ryzhova, G.U. Soldatova) were considered as predictors. It was shown that significant predictors of meaningfulness among Tuvans are ethnic negativism (-0.307), positive identity (0.148), values of achievement (0.195), power (-0.150) and kindness (0.098). Regression models obtained for individual regions had their own specifics. It was also shown that residents of the districts differ significantly in the indicators of the PIL test, scales of the “Types of Ethnic Identity”, as well as the values of conformity, tradition, kindness and universalism. Based on the results obtained, a conclusion was made about the contribution of ethnicity to the dynamics of meaningfulness among the residents of Tuva.</p
Mercury isotope signatures in sediments and marine organisms as tracers of historical industrial pollution
No full textIsotopic composition of mercury (Hg) in marine organisms and sediment cores was used to identify sources and reconstruct historical trends of contamination in the coastal-marine area of Rosignano Solvay (Italy), affected by Hg pollution from a chlor-alkali plant on the near land. Sediments show a wide range of Hg concentration and Hg isotope signatures. Particularly, coupled Hg concentration and δ202Hg values trace inputs from different sources. The two depth-profiles clearly indicate three distinct periods: “pre-industrial” (before 1941), “industrial” (between 1941 and 2007) and “post-industrial” (after 2007) ages. This is also corroborated by sediment chronology, using 210Pb dating method, validated through 137Cs. Marine organisms are characterized by Hg isotope signatures comparable to “post-industrial” surface sediments. Notably, specimens of Mullus spp. evidence isotope composition comparable to the “industrial” sediments, thus suggesting a still active role of those sediments as source of Hg for the benthic fish compartment. The small amount of MIF and the Δ199Hg/Δ201Hg ratio recorded in organisms are reasonably consistent with limited processes of MMHg demethylation in the water column
Two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate under extreme rotation
No full texttypos corrected, ref. added, minor changes in the paperWe show that a Bose-condensed gas under extreme rotation in a 2D anisotropic trap, forms a novel elongated quantum fluid which has a roton-maxon excitation spectrum. For a sufficiently large interaction strength, the roton energy reaches zero and the system undergoes a second order quantum transition to the state with a periodic structure - rows of vortices. The number of rows increases with the interaction, and the vortices eventually form a triangular Abrikosov lattice
Finite-Temperature Disordered Bosons in Two Dimensions
No full textWe study phase transitions in a two dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas in a random potential at finite temperatures. We identify superfluid, normal fluid, and insulator phases and construct the phase diagram. At T=0 one has a tricritical point where the three phases coexist. The truncation of the energy distribution at the trap barrier, which is a generic phenomenon in cold atom systems, limits the growth of the localization length and in contrast to the thermodynamic limit the insulator phase is present at any temperature.QCD/Vandersypen La
Rosyjska emigracja socjaldemokratyczna w czasie I wojny światowej: od internacjonalistów do oborońców (оборонцы, oborontsy)
No full textOn the vast amount of sources the author analyses the views of Russian social-democratic (S-D) emigrants in Europe during World War I. The positions of the S-D emigrants played the most important role in the development of key ideological guidelines, since it was abroad that the main ideological forces had been concentrated as a result of the mass “exodus” following the defeat of the 1905–1907 revolution. The Russian Social-Democrats faced World War I within a party which was formally united but in fact split into two independent factions, the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks. The war created a new balance of forces within the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party, and the attitude towards the war became decisive in the formation of new factions. The author traces the whole spectrum of views from internationalists to defenders (so called oborontsy), paying special attention to the positions of Vladimir Lenin, Alexander Bogdanov, the left-bolshevik group “Vpered”, Alexandra Kollontai and Alexander Shlyapnikov, Leo Martov and the émigré newspaper “Golos”/“Nashe Slovo”, Lev Trotsky, Pavel Axelrod and Georgi Plekhanov
Amino acid sequence and S-S bonds of Penicillium brevicompactum guanyl-specific ribonuclease
No full textAbstractThe primary structure of Penicillium brevicompactum guanyl-specific RNase was determined. The enzyme consists of 102 amino acid residues, Mr 10801. The 4 cysteine residues of the RNase are linked in pairs by disulfide bonds: Cys2-Cys10, Cys6-Cys101. P. brevicompactum RNase structure is similar to RNase T1; the degree of homology is 66%.RibonucleasePenicillium brevicompactumCovalent structur
Polar phase of one-dimensional bosons with large spin
No full textPart of Focus on Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids - from Ultracold Quantum Gases to QCD Plasmas Spinor ultracold gases in one dimension (1D) represent an interesting example of strongly correlated quantum fluids. They have a rich phase diagram and exhibit a variety of quantum phase transitions. We consider a 1D spinor gas of bosons with a large spin S. A particular example is the gas of chromium atoms (S=3), where the dipolar collisions efficiently change the magnetization and make the system sensitive to the linear Zeeman effect. We argue that in 1D the most interesting effects come from the pairing interaction. If this interaction is negative, it gives rise to a (quasi)condensate of singlet bosonic pairs with an algebraic order at zero temperature, and for (2S+1)1 the saddle point approximation leads to physically transparent results. Since in 1D one needs a finite energy to destroy a pair, the spectrum of spin excitations has a gap. Hence, in the absence of a magnetic field, there is only one gapless mode corresponding to phase fluctuations of the pair quasicondensate. Once the magnetic field exceeds the gap, another condensate emerges, namely the quasicondensate of unpaired bosons with spins aligned along the magnetic field. The spectrum then contains two gapless modes corresponding to the singlet-paired and spin-aligned unpaired Bose condensed particles, respectively. At T=0, the corresponding phase transition is of the commensurate-incommensurate type
Tkachenko modes and their damping in the vortex lattice regime of rapidly rotating bosons
No full textWe have found an exact analytical solution of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations for the Tkachenko modes of the vortex lattice in the lowest Landau level (LLL) in the thermodynamic limit (geometry of an infinite plane) at any momenta and calculated their damping rates. At finite temperatures both Beliaev and Landau damping leads to momentum-independent damping rates in the low-energy limit, which shows that, at sufficiently low energies, Tkachenko modes become strongly damped. We then found that the mean-square fluctuations of the density grow logarithmically at large distances, which indicates that the state is ordered in the vortex lattice only on a finite (although exponentially large) distance scale and introduces a low-momentum cutoff. Using this circumstance we showed that at finite temperatures the one-body density matrix undergoes an exponential decay at large distances
Digital version of the CrAO archive of spectral observations of the Sun, carried out with the KG-2 coronagraph
No full textWith the development of computer technology a topical problem to digitize the astronomical data stored on various media, for their preservation and accessibility for further faster and more accurate processing has arisen. Creation of a digital archive of observational data obtained with the KG-2 coronagraph and stored on photographic films has been started at the Department of the Solar Physics of the Scientific Research Institute "Crimean Astrophysical Observatory". We obtained satisfactory results in comparing a part of the spectrum digitized with EPSON Expression 10000XL scanner and with the MF-2 type scanning microphotometer which was used before. This allows the scanner to be used in the future to create the archive. We also developed a special software, which speeds up the processing of scanned data, and tried to minimize and eliminate potential errors.The author would like to thank the observatory staff, A. N. Babin, A. N. Koval, and A. A. Shlyapnikov, for the information and helpful comments on this work
Two-dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate under extreme rotation
No full texttypos corrected, ref. added, minor changes in the paperWe show that a Bose-condensed gas under extreme rotation in a 2D anisotropic trap, forms a novel elongated quantum fluid which has a roton-maxon excitation spectrum. For a sufficiently large interaction strength, the roton energy reaches zero and the system undergoes a second order quantum transition to the state with a periodic structure - rows of vortices. The number of rows increases with the interaction, and the vortices eventually form a triangular Abrikosov lattice
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