659 research outputs found
House of the Month- E.B. White\u27s Web
No full textThe history of the home once occupied by Maine author, E.B. White
The economic sustainability of second crops implementation in organic maize production
No full textAlthough organic crop production has numerous advantages, concerns about economic sustainability, both environmental and financial, make farmers reluctant to convert their conventional production into the organic production. Certain agricultural methods, such as second crop use, can alleviate some problems regarding soil tilth, erosion prevention, nutrients availability and weed control, thus contributing toward more sustainable crop production. Also, the added value crop growth, such as maize (Zea mais L.) hybrid's parental line production, with lower yields but higher prices, can contribute to sustainability of organic production. In order to test the hypothesis that the use of second crops can contribute toward the sustainability of organically grown maize after soybean (Glycine max L.) as a previous crop in the crop rotation, the experimental site was established in Valpovo, Croatia, in the eutric brown soil type, during the years 2005 and 2006. The experimental design was set up as a CRBD in four repetitions, with six second crop treatments: CT – Control, without second crop; WW – winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) second crop; RY – rye (Secale cereale L.) second crop; FP – fodder pea (Pisum arvense L.) second crop; WP – mixture of WW and FP; and RP – mixture of RY and FP. In order to assess the soil surface protection and evaluate the weed suppression, the second crop coverage had been recorded. Regarding the economic sustainability, the second crop use depending costs were analysed in relation to the extra produced maize yield. The RY treatment had the highest profitability, followed by WW, RP and O. The WP and FP revealed lower relative profitability than O, thus presenting the evidence of sustainability risk of these treatments
Letter from E.B. White to Mr. Fedon, dated December 10, 1956
No full textTyped letter addressed to Mr. Fedon of the Tatnall School. The author mentions reading the children's compositions and the ending of "Stuart Little." Signed E.B. White. Typed on the New Yorker stationery
Letter from E.B. White to Mr. Fedon, dated December 10, 1956
No full textTyped letter addressed to Mr. Fedon of the Tatnall School. The author mentions reading the children's compositions and the ending of "Stuart Little." Signed E.B. White. Typed on the New Yorker stationery
Invitation to David Bishop from the Order of United Americans for a celebration of George Washington's birthday, February 1858
No full textThe Order of United Americans, also known as the Know-Nothings, formed in the mid-1800s to support the rights of native-born Americans over those of immigrants, and to combat what they saw as foreign influences on America. This letter is an invitation to Order member David Bishop, to a celebration in honor of George Washington's birthday. Page 1 shows the actual letter, and page 2 is the transcripts of the letter
Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into rye biology, evolution and agronomic potential
No full textRye (Secale cereale L.) is an exceptionally climate-resilient cereal crop, used extensively to produce improved wheat varieties via introgressive hybridization and possessing the entire repertoire of genes necessary to enable hybrid breeding. Rye is allogamous and only recently domesticated, thus giving cultivated ryes access to a diverse and exploitable wild gene pool. To further enhance the agronomic potential of rye, we produced a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the 7.9-gigabase rye genome and extensively validated its quality by using a suite of molecular genetic resources. We demonstrate applications of this resource with a broad range of investigations. We present findings on cultivated rye's incomplete genetic isolation from wild relatives, mechanisms of genome structural evolution, pathogen resistance, low-temperature tolerance, fertility control systems for hybrid breeding and the yield benefits of rye-wheat introgressions.Peer reviewe
Modelling Environmental Effects of Agriculture: The Case of Organic Rye and Grey Partridge
No full textOur optimal control model identifies economic reasons as to why farmland bird populations have dramatically declined in modern agricultural landscapes. By integrating recreational wildlife values into farm level decision-making on arable crop choice and herbicide use, we derive those economic instruments needed for creating suitable conditions for game bird species on farmland. Based on the Finnish data available on the grey partridge (Perdix perdix), we illustrate how the optimal acreage subsidy for organically-grown areas, herbicide tax rates and the hunting licence fee could be estimated in monetary terms. Finally, we discuss the benefits and costs of cultivating organic cereals which will enhance preservation of the grey partridge.environmental benefits, grey partridge, herbicides, optimal control, rye, Environmental Economics and Policy, Q57, Q18, H41,
Explorer un corpus de données interconnectées au prisme des dimensions spatiales, temporelles et sémantiques
No full textContributeurs : Violette Abergel, Emile Blettery, Mathieu Brédif, Sidonie Christophe, Livio De Luca, Anthony Eberlin, Valérie Gouet-Brunet, Anaïs Guillem, Melvin Hersent, Kévin Réby, Roxane Roussel, Dan Vodislav, Laura Willot, Aurore Pfitzmann //Author contributions : Conceptualization: V.A., R.R.; Data curation: V.A., E.B., M.B., S.C., L.D.L., E.B., V.G-B., A.G., M.H., R.R., K.R., D.V., L.W.; Formal analysis: V.A., R.R.; Funding acquisition: L.D.L.; Investigation: V.A., E.B., M.B., S.C., L.D.L., E.B., V.G-B., A.G., M.H., R.R., K.R., D.V., L.W.; Project administration: L.D.L., A.P.; Supervision: L.D.L.; Visualization: V.A., E.B., M.B., S.C., L.D.L., E.B., V.G-B., A.G., M.H., R.R., K.R., D.V., L.W.; Writing – original draft: V.A., E.B., M.B., S.C., L.D.L., E.B., V.G-B., A.G., M.H., R.R., K.R., D.V., L.W.; Writing – review & editing: V.A., R.R.International audiencePrésentation des outils de visualisation développés dans le cadre du Chantier Scientifique de Notre-Dame de Paris
Produção de cebola e dinâmica de emergência de plantas espontâneas sob plantas de cobertura em sistema plantio direto
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas.A cebola é uma planta de porte baixo e com um número reduzido de folhas, favorecendo a germinação e o crescimento de plantas espontâneas. O cultivo e a deposição dos resíduos de espécies de plantas de cobertura podem reduzir a emergência de espontâneas e contribuir para a melhoria das características químicas do solo e a produção de cebola. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de espécies de plantas de cobertura de inverno, cultivadas solteiras ou consorciadas em sistema plantio direto, sobre a produção de cebola, dinâmica de emergência e produção de matéria seca de plantas espontâneas e os atributos químicos do solo. Foi realizado um experimento a campo, na Estação Experimental da EPAGRI, em Ituporanga (SC) e outro em casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia da UFSC com amostras de solo do experimento de campo, nas safras de 2010 e 2011. Em abril foram implantados os tratamentos: testemunha com vegetação espontânea (T1), cevada (2010)/ aveia-preta (2011) (T2), centeio (T3), nabo-forrageiro (T4), centeio + nabo-forrageiro (T5) e cevada (2010)/aveia-preta (2011) + nabo-forrageiro (T6). Aos 60, 80 e 95 dias após a semeadura (DAS) das espécies de inverno coletou-se a parte aérea das plantas e determinou-se a produção de matéria seca por hectare. Em julho foram transplantadas mudas de cebola e em novembro avaliou-se a produção. Após o acamamento das plantas de cobertura e a colheita da cebola foi coletado solo na camada de 0-10 cm e submetido à análise de atributos químicos. As plantas espontâneas foram coletadas e identificadas aos 90, 120 e 145 dias após o plantio das mudas de cebola (DAP) e as avaliações da dinâmica de emergência de plantas espontâneas no experimento em casa de vegetação foram realizadas aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 e 105 DAP. Em relação à produção de matéria seca, o centeio e o nabo-forrageiro solteiros apresentaram a maior produção de matéria seca da parte aérea aos 60 e aos 95 DAS. A testemunha apresentou a maior produção de matéria seca de plantas espontâneas em todas as épocas de avaliação. O cultivo e os resíduos de plantas de cobertura, solteiras e consorciadas, aumentaram a produção total de cebola na safra de 2010, enquanto que na safra de 2011, este aumento foi observado nos tratamentos aveia-preta solteira e no consórcio, nabo-forrageiro e aveia-preta. Os atributos químicos do solo, com exceção do K trocável, P disponível e valores de saturação da CTCpH7,0 por bases, não foram afetados com o cultivo e a deposição dos resíduos de plantas de cobertura. Em relação ao experimento em casa de vegetação, a média de plântulas emergidas aos 30 DAP foi menor no solo com resíduos de centeio e, aos 90 e 105 DAP não houve diferenças significativas entre tratamentos, nas duas safras. A percentagem de plantas espontâneas acumuladas nos 105 dias, nas duas safras, foi maior na testemunha, enquanto este percentual no período crítico de desenvolvimento da cebola, entre 45-60 DAP, foi menor no solo com resíduos de centeio e aveia-preta.The onion is a low height plant and with a few leaves, favoring the germination and growth of weeds. The cultivation and deposition of waste from cover crops in no-tillage may contribute to the improvement of soil chemical characteristics and onion yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of winter cover crops, grown single or mixed, on the onion yield, dynamic emergence and dry matter production of weeds and chemical attributes of soil. An experiment was carried out at EPAGRI Experimental Station in Ituporanga (SC) and the other in a greenhouse at UFSC Microbiology and Parasitology Department, with soil samples from the field experiment in the agricultural years of 2010 and 2011. Implanted in April the following treatments: weed vegetation (T1), barley (2010)/ black oat (2011) (T2), rye (T3), fodder radish (T4), rye + fodder radish (T5) e barley (2010)/black oat (2011) + fodder rad-ish (T6). In July the plants were laid, the soil samples were collected and the onion seedlings were transplanted and in November, the yield was evaluated. In July and December the soil at 0-10 cm was collected for the evaluation of chemical attributes. At 60, 80 and 95 days after sowing (DAS) of winter species the cover crops were collected. The weeds were collected and identified at 90, 120 and 145 days after planting the onion seedlings (DAP), the dynamics and evaluations of the emergence of weeds in a greenhouse experiment was realized at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 DAP. In relation to dry matter production, the rye and fodder radish had the best performance at 60 and 95 DAS. The control had the best dry matter yield of weeds at all sampling times. The highest onion total yield in 2010 harvest was found in treatments with mixed and sin-gle species of cover crops, while in 2011 were higher in black oat + fod-der radish treatments, comparing to the control. The soil chemical at-tributes in 0-10 cm layer, with the exception of exchangeable K, availa-ble P and CTCpH7,0 saturation values for bases, were not affected by cover crops cultivation and deposition of waste. In relation to the green-house experiment, the average seedling until 30 DAP was lower in soil with rye residues and at 90 and 105 DAP there was no significant differ-ences between treatments in the two harvests. The percentage of weeds accumulated in 105 days, in two harvests, was higher in the control, while during this critical period of onion development between 45-60 DAP, was lower in soil with rye and black oat residues
Multimedia informed consent tool for a low literacy African research population: development and pilot-testing
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