1,720,970 research outputs found
Diseño y ejecución de un test máximo para socorristas y su relación con la eficacia en un rescate acuático
Full text link[Resumen] El objetivo principal de este estudio fue diseñar y poner en práctica un test
incremental, máximo y específico para socorristas acuáticos, así como analizar su
relación con la eficacia en un rescate acuático en la playa. El estudio se dividió en dos
fases: En la primera se ejecutó el test incremental y en la segunda realizó una comparativa
entre los resultados de dicho test y los de un rescate acuático de 200 metros en la playa.
Para comenzar, se realizó un test máximo en el laboratorio (carrera) y el nuevo test en la
piscina (IPTL) en 10 socorristas acuáticos profesionales. En ambas pruebas se midió la
frecuencia cardíaca (FC), el lactato en sangre (La), la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo
(PSP) y el tiempo alcanzado. Los valores de FC, La, PSP y tiempo alcanzados en el ITPL
confirmaron el carácter máximo del mismo. A través de la relación FC/VO2 resultante de
la prueba de laboratorio, se calculó el VO2 alcanzado en la piscina (VO2IPTL). A partir de
aquí, se observó que el tiempo alcanzado en el IPTL, junto con el porcentaje de masa
muscular y el peso total de los participantes, mostraron ser variables predictoras del VO2
alcanzado en el propio test (VO2IPTL) (R2=0.84; p=.008). En la segunda fase se volvió a
aplicar el IPTL y un rescate de 200 metros con aletas en la playa en 20 socorristas
acuáticos. Se midió la frecuencia cardíaca, el lactato en sangre y el tiempo en ambas
pruebas. Se demostró que el tiempo alcanzado en la piscina (TiempoIPTL) era la mejor
variable predictora del rendimiento en el rescate acuático (TiempoRescate) (R2=0.59;
p<.001). Estos resultados demuestran que el IPTL es un test incremental máximo y
específico para socorristas y, además, permite estimar la eficacia en un rescate de 200
metros con aletas.[Abstract] The main objective of this study was to design and implement an incremental, maximum and specific test for lifeguards as well as to analyze the relation with efficacy in a water
rescue on the beach. The study was divided into two phases: At the first, the incremental
test was performed and in the second, a comparison was made between the results of that
test and those of a 200-meter water rescue on the beach. To begin, a maximum test was
conducted in the laboratory (run) and the new test, in the pool (IPTL) in 10 professional
lifeguards. In both tests, heart rate (HR), blood lactate (La), received perception of effort
(RPE) and time were measured. The values of FC, La, RPE and time reached in the ITPL
confirmed its maximum character. Through the FC/VO2 ratio resulting from the
laboratory test, the VO2 reached in the pool (VO2IPTL) was calculated. From here, it was
observed that the time reached in the IPTL, along with the percentage of muscle mass and
the total weight of the participants, were predictive variables of the VO2 reached in the
test (VO2IPTL) (R2=0.84; p=.008). In the second phase, the IPTL was performed and too a
rescue of 200 meters with fins on the beach in 20 lifeguards. Heart rate, blood lactate and
time were measured in both tests. It was demonstrated that the time reached in the pool
(TimeIPTL) was the best predictor of performance in the water rescue (RescueTime)
(R2=0.59; p<.001). These results show that the IPTL is a maximum and specific
incremental test for lifeguards and, in addition, allows to estimate the effectiveness in a
200-meter water rescue with fins
First aid in the curriculum of compulsory education in Spain
Full text link[Resumen] La formación en primeros auxilios es fundamental para poder intervenir en un primer
momento en situaciones de emergencia y es por ello que numerosas instituciones han
señalado a la educación obligatoria como una de las claves para llevar a cabo dicha
formación. En esta investigación se ha analizado la evolución de la presencia de los primeros
auxilios en la legislación educativa en España, que han ido perdiendo peso en el currículo
educativo desde la LGE, en 1970, hasta la LOE, en 2006, especialmente en el bachillerato y
han recuperado su importancia desde ese año hasta la actual LOMCE, de 2013, donde se
incluyen estos contenidos en la educación primaria y la educación secundaria obligatoria.
Aunque los contenidos se incluyen principalmente en la asignatura de educación física,
actualmente se dividen en varias asignaturas del currículo. La evidencia científica actual nos
dice que, aunque estos contenidos están presentes en el currículo, no se suelen aplicar por
falta de material y también en la formación en el profesorado para impartirlos, sin embargo,
ciertas comunidades autónomas aportan material y formación para que puedan ser los propios
docentes los que impartan las maniobras de primeros auxilios en las escuelas. Por todo esto,
creemos que los primeros auxilios deben ser un contenido obligatorio y relevante en las
escuelas y que deben ser los docentes, formados previamente, los que impartan dichos
contenidos.[Abstract] Learning first aid is essential to be able to act in an emergency situation and that is why many
institutions have pointed at compulsory education as one of the keys to carry out such
learning. The evolution of the presence of first aid in educational legislation in Spain has been
analyzed in this research. These contents have been losing weight in the educational
curriculum from the LGE, in 1970 to the LOE, in 2006, especially in the baccalaureate and
have increased its importance since that year until the current LOMCE, 2013, which includes
these contents in primary education and compulsory secondary education. Although the
contents are mainly included in the subject of physical education, they are currently divided
into several subjects of the curriculum. The current scientific evidence tells us that, although
these contents are present in the curriculum, they are not usually taught due to the lack of
material and training for teachers to teach them. However, certain autonomous communities
provide material and training, so that the teachers can teach by themselves the first aid
techniques in schools. For all this, we believe that first aid must be a compulsory and relevant
content in schools, and teachers, trained in advance, must teach these contents
Relationship between rescue distance and the quality of simulated CPR: a pilot study with lifeguards
Full text linkObjective: The aim of this research was to investigate if the distance travelled in a
‘rescue’ is associated with differences in the quality of the CPR provided.
Methods: A group of 10 lifeguards performed simulated CPR for 2 minutes at rest.
Next, they performed 2 rescues, one of 50 meters and the other of 100 meters. After
each rescue, the lifeguards immediately performed simulated CPR.
Results: The time invested in the rescue of 50 meters was significantly lower than in
the 100 meters (P < 0.001). Simulated CPR at rest obtained high quality values in the
compressions (94.8 ± 9.6%) but not in the ventilations (41.0 ± 22.8%). 50 and 100
meter rescues were associated with a significant decline in the overall quality of CPR
(68.4 ± 11.0 vs. 51.0 ± 9.3 vs. 49.7 ± 7.2%, P = 0.002), correctness of hand position
(100% vs. 91.0 ± 7.0 vs. 85.9 ± 12.3, P = 0.006), and in the quality of the ventilations
(41.0 ± 22.8 vs. 12.0 ± 17.5 vs. 11.0 ± 12.8%, P = 0.001). The quality of the above
measures was similar in 50 and 100 meter rescues.
Conclusions: Rescues of 50 and 100 meters were similarly associated with a decrease
in the quality of simulated CPR vs. at rest simulated CPR. Lifeguards should practice
performing CPR following rescue activities with added focus on performing rescue
ventilations correctly
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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