12 research outputs found
Disaggregating Orders of Water Scarcity - The Politics of Nexus in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania
No full textThis article considers the dilemma of managing competing uses of surface water in ways that respond to social, ecological and economic needs. Current approaches to managing competing water use, such as Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and the concept of the water-energy-food nexus do not adequately disaggregate the political nature of water allocations. This is analysed using Mehta’s (2014) framework on orders of scarcity to disaggregate narratives of water scarcity in two ethnographic case studies in the Wami-Ruvu River Basin in Tanzania: one of a mountain river that provides water to urban Morogoro, and another of a large donor-supported irrigation scheme on the Wami River. These case studies allow us to explore different interfaces in the food-water-energy nexus. The article makes two points: that disaggregating water scarcity is essential for analysing the nexus; and that current institutional frameworks (such as IWRM) mask the political nature of the nexus, and therefore do not provide an adequate platform for adjudicating the interfaces of competing water use
"Jest z Wami Oblubieniec". Soteriologiczna perspektywa Listu do rodzin
No full textResearch purpose of the article is to show the soteriological perspective of the Letter to Families by John Paul II. The author, using the method of critical source analysis and comparative analysis of texts relevant to the issue, tried to answer the question: how the papal document interprets marriage and family in the light of the mystery of Christ’s redemption. The refl ection allowed to formulate the following conclusions. John Paul II reminded families that Jesus Christ, the unique Redeemer of man, removes fear and strengthens human love, including it in the circulation of God’s supernatural love. In this way, „saved love” helps to correctly perceive the anthropological truth about man and woman, about their mutual giving of themselves as a „personal gift” in marriage, about motherhood and fatherhood as a service to life and upbringing, about parenthood through which the life-giving nature of God himself constantly spreads in the world. Jesus Christ, remaining eternally in a spousal relationship with the Church, reveals to the world the full truth about the love of a man and a woman and helps to realize it in concrete family bonds.Celem artykułu jest ukazanie soteriologicznej perspektywy Listu do rodzin autorstwa Jana Pawła II. Stosując metodę krytycznej analizy źródła oraz analizę komparatywną tekstów, istotnych dla podjętego zagadnienia, autor starał się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jak papieski dokument ujmuje wpływ tajemnicy Chrystusowego odkupienia na małżeństwo i rodzinę. Przeprowadzona refleksja pozwoliła na sformułowanie następujących wniosków. Jan Paweł II przypomniał rodzinom, że Chrystus, jedyny Odkupiciel człowieka, usuwa lęk i umacnia ludzką miłość, włączając ją w obieg nadprzyrodzonej miłości Bożej. W ten sposób „zbawiona miłość” pomaga prawidłowo postrzegać prawdę o człowieku jako mężczyźnie i kobiecie, o ich wzajemnym oddaniu się w osobowym darze, o macierzyństwie i ojcostwie jako służbie życiu oraz wychowaniu, o rodzicielstwie, przez które w świecie nieustannie rozlewa się życiodajność samego Boga. Chrystus, pozostając na wieki w oblubieńczym związku z Kościołem, objawia światu pełną prawdę o miłości mężczyzny i kobiety i pomaga ją zrealizować w konkretnych więziach rodzinnych
Assessment of Water Quality and Spatial Distribution of the Major Pollutants in Ngerengere River Catchment, Tanzania
No full textPollution from natural and anthropogenic processes threatens available fresh water resources. This
is the case for Ngerengere River in Wami/Ruvu basin in Tanzania. The pollution is aggravated by
agricultural and industrial wastewater from upstream sources. The deteriorating water quality
poses risks to health and livelihoods, with most affected communities located downstream of the
catchment. Few studies have been done on pollution in Ngerengere River catchment. Hence little
information is available on the distribution and contribution of major sources of pollution and their
impacts to downstream users. This study aimed at assessing the spatial distribution of potentially
polluting agricultural and industrial activities, and their contribution to pollution in the catchment.
Specifically, the physico-chemical assessment of pollution levels along the river was done,
followed by the assessment of river health through biological assessment of macroinvertebrates’
sensitivity and diversity. Furthermore, mapping of the spatial distribution of pollution sources and
the estimation of their relation to pollution levels were undertaken. During the study period
(February- March 2011), four sampling campaigns at nine points were assessed for physicochemical
parameters (including heavy metals), according to Standard Methods. Pollution levels
were correlated to the distribution of pollution sources through overlaying landuse and pollution
distribution maps and calculating the dominant landuse in a selected buffer area from the sampling
points. The GIS work was done using the ArcGIS software. River health was assessed through the
diversity of macro-invertebrates according to the SASS 5 Method. Results showed high
concentrations of physico-chemical parameters, which give indications of intensive agricultural
activities and industrial activities. Total Phosphate showed a maximum concentration of 5mg/l,
while TKN reached 120mg/l at the industrial release point. Peak concentrations of Cadmium were
observed to be 0.104 mg/l and similar trends existed for other heavy metals. These results were
believed to be due to the textile effluent released upstream of the catchment and the increasing rate
of agricultural development in the catchment. The results indicated high pollution and implied
severe impacts to downstream users. Overall, results for bio-assessment indicated poor biological
health of the river due to low diversity, abundance and richness. Statistical analysis confirmed
significant differences in the physico-chemical concentrations and bioassessment results along the
river at 95% confidence levels. From the mapping, the spatial distribution of pollution and landuse
gave indication of the relationships between the pollution sources. The results obtained provided
baseline information, which may be used in the development of appropriate Water Quality
Management Systems
Assessment of the water quality and spatial distribution of the major pollutants in Ngerengere River Catchment, Tanzania.
No full textPollution from natural and anthropogenic processes threatens available fresh water resources. This
is the case for Ngerengere River in Wami/Ruvu basin in Tanzania. The pollution is aggravated by
agricultural and industrial wastewater from upstream sources. The deteriorating water quality
poses risks to health and livelihoods, with most affected communities located downstream of the
catchment. Few studies have been done on pollution in Ngerengere River catchment. Hence little
information is available on the distribution and contribution of major sources of pollution and their
impacts to downstream users. This study aimed at assessing the spatial distribution of potentially
polluting agricultural and industrial activities, and their contribution to pollution in the catchment.
Specifically, the physico-chemical assessment of pollution levels along the river was done,
followed by the assessment of river health through biological assessment of macroinvertebrates’
sensitivity and diversity. Furthermore, mapping of the spatial distribution of pollution sources and
the estimation of their relation to pollution levels were undertaken. During the study period
(February- March 2011), four sampling campaigns at nine points were assessed for physicochemical
parameters (including heavy metals), according to Standard Methods. Pollution levels
were correlated to the distribution of pollution sources through overlaying landuse and pollution
distribution maps and calculating the dominant landuse in a selected buffer area from the sampling
points. The GIS work was done using the ArcGIS software. River health was assessed through the
diversity of macro-invertebrates according to the SASS 5 Method. Results showed high
concentrations of physico-chemical parameters, which give indications of intensive agricultural
activities and industrial activities. Total Phosphate showed a maximum concentration of 5mg/l,
while TKN reached 120mg/l at the industrial release point. Peak concentrations of Cadmium were
observed to be 0.104 mg/l and similar trends existed for other heavy metals. These results were
believed to be due to the textile effluent released upstream of the catchment and the increasing rate
of agricultural development in the catchment. The results indicated high pollution and implied
severe impacts to downstream users. Overall, results for bio-assessment indicated poor biological
health of the river due to low diversity, abundance and richness. Statistical analysis confirmed
significant differences in the physico-chemical concentrations and bioassessment results along the
river at 95% confidence levels. From the mapping, the spatial distribution of pollution and landuse
gave indication of the relationships between the pollution sources. The results obtained provided
baseline information, which may be used in the development of appropriate Water Quality
Management Systems.,WATERne
Causes of avoidable blindness in Parakou
No full textIntroduction: Blindness and severe visual impairments have huge consequences on the socioeconomic development of individuals and human communities.Objective: This research work aims to determine the causes of avoidable blindness in the city ofParakou (BENIN).Method: This is a descriptive and prospective study. It was carried out during a time period of one (01) month. All the subjects with vision impairment who were blind and present during the study period were inclued. The main variable investigated was the causes of blindness.</p
Radiometric Sensors as a Non-invasive Approach to Health Monitoring
No full text“Radiometric Sensors as a Non-invasive Approach to Health Monitoring”
Author: Scott F Muir
(University of South Florida WAMI Research Group)
In the healthcare industry, the ability to monitor the health of patients in real time has become a major focus to ensure proper and quality treatment; an example of one of the preferred methods for achieving this goal involves non-invasive health monitoring. The objective of this research involves the use of a total power radiometer for non-invasive monitoring of core body temperature. For this research, the radiometer will be used to monitor various tissue phantoms in order to detect simulated physiological anomalies known to be correlated with a temperature increase; these anomalies will be provided by heating elements that will be attached to a printed circuit board and placed beneath the phantoms. The design of the circuit board will include more than one heating element to provide a realistic heat signature of a person. When the desired temperatures have been reached, the radiometer will scan across the phantom to generate thermal images
Losing cichlid fish biodiversity:genetic and morphological homogenization of tilapia following colonization by introduced species
No full textAmong the many negative impacts of invasive species, hybridization with indigenous species has increasingly become recognized as a major issue. However, relatively few studies have characterized the phenotypic outcomes of hybridization following biological invasions. Here we investigate the genetic and morphological consequences of stocking invasive tilapia species in two water bodies in central Tanzania. We sampled individuals from the Mindu Reservoir on the Ruvu river system, and at Kidatu on the Great Ruaha–Rufiji river system. We screened individuals at 16 microsatellite loci, and quantified morphology using geometric morphometrics and linear measurements. In both the Mindu and Kidatu systems, we identified evidence of hybridization between indigenous Wami tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis) and the introduced Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) or blue-spotted tilapia (Oreochromis leucostictus). At both sites, purebred individuals could largely be separated using geometric morphometric variables, with hybrids occupying a broad morphospace among the parental species. Our data demonstrate that the gene pools and phenotypic identity of the indigenous O. urolepis have been severely impacted by the stocking of the invasive species. Given the lack of evidence for clear commercial benefits from stocking invasive tilapia species in waters already populated by indigenous congenerics, we suggest further spread of introduced species should be undertaken with considerable caution.</p
Pelanggaran Hak Cipta Atas Lagu Dengan Kegiatan Cover Version (Studi Putusan Nomor 910 K/PDT.SUS-HKI.2020)
No full textCover songs are common thing to do era of the internet. However, in its manufacture there are conditions that should be fulfill so as not violate the exclusive rights of the creator. The problem is Nagaswara sued Gen Halilintar for violating the copyright of Nagaswara's song Lagi Syantik. This case was forwarded to the level of cassation. The rejection of Nagaswara's lawsuit made the writer interested to discusse in the form of research. The formulation of the research problem is whether the Cover Version is a violation of copyrights songs according to Act Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright (Verdict Number 910 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2020) and what is the basis for judges' considerations in making decisions based on Verdict Number 910 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2020. The method used in this research is the Normative Legal Research, which examines primary data in the form of Verdict Number 910 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2020, Central Jakarta Verdict Number 82/Pdt.Sus-Hak Cipta/2019/PN.Niaga .Jkt.Pst and Act Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. Conclusions are drawn deductively. The result of the research is that it is not a copyright infringement if the production and distribution of the Cover Version is done through non-commercial information and communication technology media and benefits the Creator or related parties, and as long as the Author expresses no objection to the production and distribution. As long as the cover action of a song does not meet the elements of Article 43 and 44, it’s a copyright infringement. What Gen Halilintar did was a copyright infringement, because he made a cover of a song without fulfilling the above elements. The author does not fully agree with the judge's decision to reject Nagaswara's lawsuit entirely, because what Gen Halilintar did was a copyright infringement. Which became the basis for the judge's consideration, the purpose of making Cover came from subscribers. Many people do cover songs via YouTube, Gen Halilintar covers Nagaswara's song without permission, but still includes the word cover and the title of the song. The judge found that the claim of royalties from this song fell to WAMI as a collective management agency, not to Gen Halilintar. For the reasons above, it is still important to pay attention to and respect the exclusive rights of the creator whose work is used, whether the Cover will be a commercial or non-commercial work
On Zygmunt Krasiński’s absence in Adam Mickiewicz’s letters
No full textAmong 1246 letters written by Adam Mickiewicz to different persons only four are addressed to Krasiński (one of them consists of three sentences only). Krasiński was even more reserved: among almost 3500 letters written by the poet to almost 160 people only one letter to Adam Mickiewicz is known today although we know that Krasiński wrote to him twice. The author of the article analyses these letters in the context of the sentence attributed to Demetrius of Phalerum: ‘While writing a letter, man creates a picture of his soul’. The author of the article do not share the optimistic belief expressed by Demetrius, he claims that a man writing a letter reveals only as much as he wants. The second context for an interpretation is a sentence formulated by Jerzy Pilch: ‘In the face of unwritten, what is written always seems pale’. This sentence leads to a conclusion that we might attach too much importance to reading comprehension as a key to understanding another person.MAREK PIECHOTA – prof. zw. dr hab., literaturoznawca, pracownik Instytutu Nauk o Literaturze Polskiej na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach oraz kierownik Zakładu Historii Literatury Oświecenia
i Romantyzmu w tymże Instytucie. Zawodowo zajmuje się badaniem twórczości epoki romantyzmu i oświecenia. W 2000 wraz z Jackiem Lyszczyną wydał Słownik Mickiewiczowski. Pełni obowiązki przewodniczącego śląskiego oddziału Towarzystwa Literackiego im. Adama Mickiewicza. Do jego najważniejszych prac należą: „Pan Tadeusz” i „Król-Duch” – dwie koncepcje romantycznej epopei, Kielce 1995; Zoofioły bestiariusza heroikomicznego część mniejsza, Katowice 1997; (red.) „Pieśni ogromnych dwanaście...” Studia i szkice o „Panu Tadeuszu”, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2000; Słownik Mickiewiczowski (razem z Jackiem Lyszczyną), Katowice 2000; (red. Marek Piechota, Janusz Ryba), Od oświecenia ku romantyzmowi i dalej.... Autorzy – dzieła – czytelnicy, Katowice 2004.Uniwersytet Śląski w KatowicachBąk M., Twórczy lęk przed wpływem. Antagonizm wieszczów po latach, Katowice 2013.Fiećko J., Rosja Krasińskiego. Rzecz o nieprzejednaniu, Poznań 2005.Korespondencja Juliusza Słowackiego, oprac. E. Sawrymowicz, T. 2, Wrocław – Warszawa – Kraków 1962.Kridl M., Antagonizm wieszczów. Rzecz o stosunku Słowackiego do Mickiewicza, Warszawa 1925.Kompendium biograficzno-informacyjne Wielkiej Emigracji 1831–1900 na podstawie spisów, sprawozdań emigracyjnych, nekrologów, prac o nekropoliach, wspomnień itp., oprac. Z. Sudolski, Warszawa 2011Krasiński Z., Listy do Delfiny Potockiej, oprac. i wstępem poprzedził Z. Sudolski, T. III, Warszawa 1975.Krasiński Z., Listy do ojca, oprac. i wstępem poprzedził S. Pigoń, Warszawa 1963.Krasiński Z., Listy do różnych adresatów, T. I, zebrał, oprac. i wstępem poprzedził Z. Sudolski, Warszawa 1991.Listy do Adama Mickiewicza, oprac. M. Dernałowicz, E. Jaworska, W. Kordaczuk, J. Krauze-Karpińska, T. IV: Nakwaski – Štulc, Warszawa 2014.Piechota M., „Chcesz ty, jak widzę, być dawnym Polakiem”. Studia i szkice o twórczości Słowackiego, Katowice 2005.Piechota M., Dandyzm i pojedynek. Jeszcze o „sprawie honorowej” pomiędzy Słowackim i Krasińskim, „Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne” 2015, nr 1 (6).Piechota M., Dwa listy dedykacyjne Juliusza Słowackiego w funkcji epopeicznego argumentu, [w:] „Prace Historycznoliterackie”, T. 17: Podróż i historia. Z motywów literatury Oświecenia i Romantyzmu, red. Z. J. Nowak i I. Opacki, Katowice 1980.Piechota M., Pojedynki Słowackiego z Mickiewiczem, [w:] tegoż: „Chcesz ty, jak widzę, być dawnym Polakiem”. Studia i szkice o twórczości Słowackiego, Katowice 2005.Piechota M., Poliglotyzm wielkich romantyków polskich (Mickiewicz, Słowacki, Krasiński), Katowice 2016.Piechota M., Sprawa honorowa między Słowackim a Krasińskim. O krok od pojedynku, [w:] „Przez gwiazdy i błękit jestem z Wami”. W 200. rocznicę urodzin Juliusza Słowackiego, pod red. M. Chrostka, T. Pudłockiego i J. Starnawskiego, Przemyśl – Rzeszów 2009.Rymkiewicz J. M., Słowacki. Encyklopedia, Warszawa 2004.Słowacki J., Dzieła, pod red. J. Krzyżanowskiego, T. XIV: Listy. Do krewnych, przyjaciół i znajomych (1820–1849), oprac. J. Pelc, wyd. 3, Wrocław 1959.Sudolski Z., Korespondencja, [hasło w:] Słownik literatury polskiej XIX wieku, pod red. J. Bachórza i A. Kowalczykowej, Wrocław – Warszawa – Kraków 1991.Sudolski Z., Korespondencja Zygmunta Krasińskiego. Studium monograficzne, Warszawa 1968.Sudolski Z., Mickiewicz. Opowieść biograficzna, Warszawa 1995.Skwarczyńska S., Teoria listu, Lwów 1937.41254
Meladomus bloyeti
No full textbloyeti Meladomus bloyeti Bourguignat, 1889: 171. Type material — lectotype (Cowie & Héros 2012: 797): MNHN 4501; paralectotype: MHNG-INVE- 11674 (1 spm.). Type locality —“Cours d’eau aux environs de Kondoa (Ousaghara)” [Watercourses around Kondoa (Ousaghara), Tanzania]. Distribution —no additional information. Remarks. Variety of purpurea Jonas, teste Martens (1897 a: 164) and Kobelt (1909: 79). Synonym of olivacea G.B. Sowerby I, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1916: 68). Valid species, teste Kobelt (1911: 18), Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 194) and Cowie & Héros (2012: 797), followed here. + boettgeri Meladomus boettgeri Kobelt, 1912 a: 7 –8 [1912 b: 41, pl. 30, figs. 9, 10]. Type material — syntypes: SMF 7457 (1 spm.), SMF 7458 (1 spm.). Type locality —“ Gabun ” [Gabon]. Distribution —no additional information. Remarks. For discussion of dates of publication of Kobelt (1912 a) and Kobelt (1912 b) see assiniensis Kobelt and the reference list. Variety of libycus Morelet, teste Kobelt (1912 b: 41), followed here. bolteniana Ampullaria bolteniana Deshayes & Milne Edwards, 1838: 537 [name made available by bibliographic reference to Chemnitz (1786: 89, pl. 109, figs. 921, 922) (Code, Art. 11.5)]. Type material — holotype [by monotypy]: the shell illustrated by Chemnitz, location unknown, from the Bolten collection [not found in ZIN (see also Martynov 2002) or ZMUC]. Type locality —[no locality given]. Remarks. See also Roth (1839: 26), who treated bolteniana “Chemnitz” as the valid name for carinata Olivier, by bibliographic reference to Olivier (1804 a: 38 [4 o edition], 1804 c: pl. 31, fig. 1 [error]), Deshayes & Milne Edwards (1838: 537; as “Lamarck”) and the illustrations of Savigny (1817, pl. 2, figs. 31.1– 5) combined with their explanations by Audouin (1826: 33). Also made available by Jay (1850: 281) and Adams & Adams (1854: 349, pl. 37, figs. 5, 5 a, b). Valid species, teste Germain (1907 b: 116). Synonym of carinata Olivier, teste Philippi (1851: 23), Bourguignat (1864: 81), Nevill (1885: 13), Kobelt (1911: 19), Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 186) and Brown (1980: 49, 1994: 59). Some authors have used bolteni as the name of this taxon, though giving the author as “Chemnitz” (e.g. Mayer-Eymar 1900: 120, 1901: 23; Pallary 1909: 61). Such instances are here treated as incorrect subsequent spellings (and therefore unavailable) rather than emendations (Code, Art. 33.5). bourguignati Leroya bourguignati Grandidier, 1887: 192. Type material —location unknown [not found in MNHN (cf. Dance 1986: 213)]. Type locality —“bassin du Kyngani ou celui du Vouami” [in final paragraph of publication; Kingani (= Ruvu) or Wami river basins, Tanzania]. Remarks. Illustrated by Bourguignat (1888: pl. 6, fig. 2). Variety of farleri Craven, teste Kobelt (1909: 79; as “ farleyi ”). Valid species, teste Kobelt (1912 b: 36). Synonym of farleri Craven, teste Germain (1916: 324–325) and Brown (1980: 54), followed here, though only tentatively synonymized by Brown (1994: 65). bourguignoni Lanistes Bourguignoni Putzeys, 1898 a: xxiii. Type material — syntypes: RBINS MT 2039 (1 spm.). Type locality —“Embouchure de la Luima” [mouth of the Luima]; “L’état indépendant du Congo ” [in publication title; = Democratic Republic of the Congo]. Remarks. Valid species, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1916: 66). Synonym of congicus Boettger, teste Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 188), Mandahl-Barth (1968: 31) and Brown (1980: 50), followed here. Type species of Leroya Grandidier, here treated as a synonym of Lanistes Montfort. bulimoides Meladomus bulimoïdes Swainson, 1840: 340. Type material —location unknown. Type locality —“ China?” [error]. Remarks. Synonym of olivacea G.B. Sowerby I, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1916: 68) and Connolly (1939: 556), and of purpurea Jonas, teste Kobelt (1911: 4) and Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 194–195), followed here. Type species of Meladomus Swainson, here treated as a synonym of Lanistes Montfort.Published as part of Cowie, Robert H., 2015, The recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopomus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda, pp. 1-92 in Zootaxa 3940 (1) on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3940.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28820
