21,832 research outputs found
O međureligijskom dijalogu iz katoličke perspektive : uvid u osnovne pojmove i naučavanje Crkve
No full textKnjiga O međureligijskom dijalogu iz katoličke perspektive. Uvid u osnovne pojmove i naučavanje Crkve želi prikazati opća načela koja su važna za razumijevanje i prakticiranje međureligijsko dijaloga, temeljeći se na polazišta katoličke teologije religija i službenom naučavanju Katoličke Crkve. Knjiga je podijeljena u četiri dijela. U prvom dijelu daje se širi uvid u temeljne pojmove koji su usko povezani s međureligijskim dijalogom, a to su tolerancija pod njezinom pozitivnom formom, dijalog kao dinamičan oblik komunikacije, višeznačan pojam religije s naglaskom na njezin antropološki i unutarnji, tj. duhovni aspekt i, napokon, sama sintagma međureligijski dijalog te sve što ona podrazumijeva i uključuje. Ove pojmove autor uzima kao epistemološki okvir koji postavlja glavne filozofsko-teološke i komunikološke odrednice nezaobilazne u aktivnom razumijevanju međureligijskog dijaloga. Drugi dio knjige podrobnije obrađuje naučavanje Katoličke Crkve o međureligijskom dijalogu, polazeći iz teoloških i pastoralnih odrednica Drugog vatikanskog koncila, kojim se
Katolička Crkva otvorila suvremenom svijetu želeći uspostaviti bratski dijalog i suradnju sa svim ljudima dobre volje. Nakon isticanja ključnih teoloških i drugih premisa koncilskog govora o dijalogu i religijama, autor posebnu pozornost posvećuje deklaraciji Nostra aetate o odnosu Crkve prema nekršćanskim religijama. Nakon toga podsjeća na novost i veliki doprinos koji je enciklika Ecclesiam suam pape Pavla VI. dala crkvenom promišljanju dijaloga te pruža pregled glavnih inicijativa i dokumenata poslijekoncilske Crkve o religijama i međureligijskom dijalogu. Posebna pozornost posvećena je važnom doprinosu triju posljednjih papa – Ivana Pavla II., Benedikta XVI. i pape Franje – u promicanju međureligijskog dijaloga. U trećem dijelu autor ukratko iznosi dijaloške smjernice Katoličke Crkve prema sve raširenijoj potrebi međukulturalnoga dijaloga. Zadnji dio knjige posvećen je međureligijskom dijalogu u Hrvatskoj, pružajući zaokruženi pregled glavnih društvenih i religijskih čimbenika, aktera i inicijativa na području međureligijskog, te donekle ekumenskog i međukulturalnog dijaloga. Na kraju knjige donosi se tematska bibliografija o međureligijskom dijalogu na hrvatskom jeziku. Ovom jezgrovitom knjigom autor je želio na znanstvenoj i praktičnoj razini pridonijeti razvoju teologije međureligijskog dijaloga, koja je danas veoma važna i raširena u svijetu, a koja gotovo posve nedostaje u Hrvatskoj i široj regiji. Ujedno ovom knjigom najavljuje jedno puno opširnije znanstveno istraživanje o međureligijskom dijalogu, koji je u pripremi.The book About interreligious dialogue from a Catholic perspective. An insight into the basic concepts and teaching of the Church aims to present the general principles that are important for understanding and practicing interreligious dialogue, based on the starting point of the Catholic theology of religions and the official teaching of the Catholic Church. The book is divided into four parts. In the first part, a broader insight is given into the basic concepts that are closely related to interreligious dialogue, namely tolerance in its positive form, dialogue as a dynamic form of communication, the ambiguous concept of religion with an emphasis on its anthropological and internal, i.e. spiritual aspect and, finally, the main notion of interreligious dialogue and all that it implies and includes. The author takes these concepts as an epistemological framework that sets the main philosophical-theological and communicological determinants indispensable in the active understanding of interreligious dialogue. The second part of the book deals in more detail with the teaching of the Catholic Church on interreligious dialogue, starting from the theological and pastoral guidelines of the Second Vatican Council, by which the Catholic Church opened itself to the modern world, wanting to establish fraternal dialogue and cooperation with all people of good will. After highlighting the theological keys and other premises of the Council’s speech on dialogue and religions, the author pays special attention to the declaration Nostra aetate on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian
religions. After that, he recalls the novelty and great contribution that is the encyclical Ecclesiam suam of Pope Paul VI. contributed to the Church’s reflection on dialogue, and provides an overview of the main initiatives and documents of the Post-conciliar Church on religions and interreligious dialogue. Special attention is paid to the important contribution of the three last popes – John Paul II, Benedict XVI and Pope Francis – in promoting interreligious dialogue. In the third part, the author briefly presents the dialogue guidelines of the Catholic Church towards the increasingly widespread need for intercultural dialogue. The last part of the book is dedicated to interreligious dialogue in Croatia, providing a rounded overview of the main social and religious factors, actors and initiatives in the field of interreligious, and to some extent
ecumenical and intercultural dialogue. At the end of the book, there is a thematic bibliography on interreligious dialogue in the Croatian language. With this concise book, the author wanted to contribute on a scientific and practical level
to the development of the theology of interreligious dialogue, which is very important and widespread in the world today, but which is almost completely lacking in Croatia and the wider region. At the same time, this book announces much more extensive scientific research on interreligious dialogue, which is in preparation
Self-similar regimes in Unstably Stratified Homogeneous Turbulence
No full textUnstably stratified homogeneous turbulence develops at late time a self-similar dynamics characterized by an exponential growth of turbulent quantities. It is believed from recent theoretical studies that different growth rates are possible, depending on the initial distribution of energy at large scales. In order to confirm these predictions, we run both highly resolved direct numerical simulations and a spectral model based on an eddy-damped quasi-normal closure. In addition to confirming the influence of initial conditions, our study sheds light on the anisotropic structures of the self-similar regimes
Remećenje uvriježenog i značaj značenja: kognitivna lingvistika u učenju i poučavanju
No full textThe emergence of this book coincided with the launch of ChatGPT and discussions about what such an open-access artificial intelligence system means for humanity and society as a whole. What this means for teachers and education is impossible to predict with certainty, but it is clear that education must change. The author believes that the success of educational systems, schools, and teachers will greatly depend on how much they focus on the uniqueness of the human mind, that is, on everything that makes a human being human: emotion, self-awareness, creativity, learning through continuous interaction with other people, and learning through the immense dynamism and variability of the social context.
The disruption of the established described in this book represents a peaceful disruption that involves educational shifts aimed at empowering the student's experience on one hand and cognitive processes on the other. When it comes to language, that is, its learning and teaching, we are addressing the inseparable triad of language, cognition, and experience. Although this may seem trivial and/or well-known, contemporary education largely neglects experiential learning, as well as the student's meaningful comprehension of new concepts and the construction of knowledge. Facts are presented to students in a "packaged" and ready-to-use manner, along with lists of rules, organized content, and ready-made and exclusive solutions. The author offers a different approach to learning and teaching and draws the reader's attention to the significance of meaning, its meaningful construction, and cognitive motivation in complex linguistic structures. The author provides an overview of cognitive processes that are in constant interaction with language, illustrates linguistic motivation through grammar, which is incorrectly considered an uninteresting list of structures and rules, and emphasizes questioning as a key component in knowledge construction.
Ultimately, the author poses a critical question: What constitutes the greatest educational challenge? She believes that it lies in developing teaching approaches that encourage students to break away from established modes of thinking and acting. However, this does not entail solely relying on the shortcuts offered by modern technology. Rather, technology should create a space of extended cognition within which ideas are realized faster and more accurately, and the student becomes a creator capable of assessing the usefulness of tech-provided information.The student's departure from conventional thinking patterns could soon become crucial given the development of artificial intelligence and open systems such as ChatGPT. This pertains to artificial intelligence that not only provides precise answers to factual questions and solves mathematical problems but also devises culinary recipes, writes essays, and summarizes scientific papers. The fundamental question is how to utilize the availability of information and the speed of idea generation offered by artificial intelligence. The response to this challenge will shape the trajectory of education. It will determine the nature of the questions posed to students, the problems they tackle, and the emphasis placed on experiential learning that engages all senses and cultivates a profound understanding of the world.Nastajanje ove knjige poklopilo se s lansiranjem ChatGPT-a i raspravama o tome što takav sustav umjetne inteligencije s otvorenim pristupom znači za čovjeka i društvo u cjelini. Što to znači za nastavnike i obrazovanje zacijelo je nemoguće sa sigurnošću predvidjeti, ali sasvim je jasno da se obrazovanje mora mijenjati. Autorica smatra da će uspješnost obrazovnih sustava, škola i nastavnika uvelike ovisiti o tome koliko će se usredotočiti na jedinstvenost čovjekova uma, dakle na sve ono što čovjeka čini čovjekom: emociju, svijest o sebi i drugim ljudima, kreativnost, učenje u neprestanoj interakciji s drugim ljudima i učenje kroz silnu dinamičnost i promjenjivost društvenog konteksta. Remećenje uvriježenog koje je opisano u ovoj knjizi predstavlja miroljubivu disrupcija koja uključuje manje ili veće obrazovne zaokrete kojima je cilj osnaživanje učenikova iskustva s jedne strane te spoznajnih procesa s druge. Kada je u pitanju jezik, odnosno njegovo učenje i poučavanje, tada govorimo o neraskidivoj trijadi jezika, kognicije i iskustva. Iako se navedeno može činiti trivijalnim i/ili dobro poznatim, suvremeno obrazovanje uvelike zanemaruje iskustveno učenje, jednako kao što zanemaruje i učenikovo spoznavanje novoga i smislenu izgradnju znanja. Činjenice se učenicima nude „upakirane“ i gotove za uporabu, kao i liste pravila, organizirani sadržaji, gotova i isključiva rješenja. Autorica nudi drukčiji pristup učenju i poučavanju te skreće čitateljevu pažnju na značaj značenja, njegovu smislenu izgradnju te kognitivnu motivaciju u složenim jezičnim strukturama. Autorica daje pregled spoznajnih procesa koji su u stalnoj interakciji s jezikom, jezičnu motiviranost oprimjeruje kroz gramatiku koja se pogrešno smatra nezanimljivom listom struktura i pravila, a postavljanje pitanja ističe kao ključnu sastavnicu u izgradnji znanja. Naposlijetku se autorica pita što je najveći obrazovni izazov. Najveći je izazov osmisliti nastavu koja će učenike odmaknuti od uvriježenog načina razmišljanja i djelovanja, ali ne nužno (i ne samo) koristeći prečice suvremene tehnologije. Tehnologija bi trebala stvoriti svojevrsni prostor proširene kognicije unutar kojega se ideje ostvaruju brže i preciznije, a učenik postaje kreativac koji je u stanju procijeniti korisnost informacije. Učenikovo odmicanje od uvriježenog načina razmišljanja moglo bi ubrzo postati presudno s obzirom na razvoj umjetne inteligencije i otvorenih sustava poput ChatGPT-a. Radi se o umjetnoj inteligenciji koja ne samo da daje precizne odgovore na činjenična pitanja i rješava matematičke zadatke, već smišlja kulinarske recepte, piše eseje i sažima znanstvene radove. Temeljno je pitanje kako iskoristiti dostupnost informacija i brzinu generiranja ideja koje nam nudi umjetna inteligencija. Upravo će odgovor na ovo pitanje odrediti smjer razvoja obrazovanja: kakva pitanja ćemo postavljati učenicima, kakve probleme će rješavati te koliko ćemo inzistirati na iskustvenom učenju koje uključuje interakciju sa svijetom koji ih okružuje i aktivira sva osjetila, individualno znanje o svijetu i svijest o svijetu
Srbi i hrvati u Senatu Kraljevine Jugoslavije 1932-1941:
No full textIako je Senat Kraljevine Jugoslavije postojao kratko, formalno deset, a suštinski sedam godina, činjenica da je predstavljao gornji dom Narodnog predstavništva, način izbora i imenovanja senatora, kao i letimičan pogled na njihova imena kazuju nam da se radilo o ljudima koji su imali izuzetan ugled na ličnom, regionalnom ili državnom nivou i predstavljali elitu jugoslovenske međuratne države. Ipak, nedemokratski način nastanka te institucije, jasna namera vladara da kroz nju zadrži kontrolu nad zakonodavnom vlašću, kao i odabir režimu lojalnih ljudi, u početku su uzrokovali njeno neprihvatanje, odnosno bojkot od većine političkih predstavnika hrvatskog naroda. Ovakav odnos prema Senatu se menja tek nakon sporazuma Cvetković-Maček 26. avgusta
1939. godine. Autori u radu rekonstruišu sam nastanak i trajanje ustanove Senata u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji, statistički obrađuju profesionalnu, versku i obrazovnu strukturu senatora i analiziraju polemike na zasedanjima koje se tiču odnosa Srba i Hrvata, kao i stavove senatora o „hrvatskom pitanju“.PublishedŠifra projekta: 47030Članak je deo projekta Konflikti i krize: saradnja i razvoj u Srbiji i regionu u 19. i 20. veku (47030) koji finansira Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije
Experimental observation of different intermittency types in spherical couette flow
No full textFlows between concentric, counter rotating spherical boundaries are under investigation in a gap with a size equal to the inner sphere radius. The outer sphere rotational rate is fixed, while the inner sphere rotational rate was modulated. The amplitudes and frequencies of modulation are small relative to the averaged rotational rates of both spheres. With modulation amplitude increase, a transition from initial periodical flow to chaos occurs. To determine the state of the flow, time series of azimuthal velocity were used. Measurements were carried out by laser Doppler anemometer. Flow states with chaos–chaos and cycle–chaos–chaos intermittency were detected. The quantitative characteristics are considered, which allow separate different patterns of the flow state with distinct properties
DNS of transition to nonuniform in time and/or space turbulent flows in rotating spherical layers
No full textWe have numerically studied the transition to turbulence in a layer of a viscous incompressible fluid confined between concentric counter rotating spherical boundaries. Rotational speeds of one or two boundaries were periodically modulated. The transition to turbulence was caused by an increase in the modulation amplitude. Two different cases of transitions were under consideration. In the first case modulation of outer sphere velocity with constant inner sphere speed was imposed on initial periodical flow state. The obtained solutions reveal cycle-chaos intermittency type - irregular temporal alternation of laminar and turbulent states occupying the whole layer. In the second case both of spheres were opposite-phase oscillated at the same frequency and amplitude about the state of rest. The obtained solutions exhibits chaos-chaos intermittency type of the flow - irregular temporal alternation of weak and strong turbulent states in the limited part of the layer, outside which the flow remains periodical
DNS of turbulent mixing layers with variable density
No full textWe present some preliminary results of direct numerical simulations of three-dimensional, temporal, plane mixing layers with variable density. The simulations are run with a parallel in-house code that solves the Navier-Stokes equations in the Low-Mach number approximation, using a novel algorithm based on an extended version of the velocity-vorticity formulation used by Kim, Moin & Moser (1987) for incompressible flows. The simulations are run with Pr=0.7 and achieve Re_lambda=90-110 during the self-similar evolution of the mixing layer. Four cases with density ratios s=1,2,4 and 8 are presented. Our results show good agreement with previous experimental and numerical studies, and allow us to characterize the scales in the temperature spectra
Joint scaling analysis of atmospheric velocity and wind power plant production
No full textIn a context of energy transition, wind energy is a source of clean energy with the potential of partially satisfying the growing demand. The main problem of this type of energy, and other types of renewable energy remains the discontinuity of the electric power produced in different scales, inducing large fluctuations also called intermittency. This intermittency of wind energy is inherent to the turbulent nature of wind. Here, we consider the relation between velocity and power output with two wind turbine databases. We focus on joint relations with Fourrier analysis, empirical mode decomposition (EMD), Time-dependent intrinsic correlation (TDIC). We also consider the causality using a new method of analysis of the causality between two time series
Prandtl number effects on the decaying and the forced turbulence in stratified fluids
No full textEffects of high-Prandtl number density-stratifying scalar, i.e., active scalar, on decaying and forced turbulence in stratified fluids are investigated by numerical simulations. In decaying turbulence, potential energy spectrum of the high-Prandtl number active scalar (Pr=6) agrees with the kinetic energy spectrum even at small scales. In forced steady turbulence, these two spectra again approach each other at small scales. These phenomena, which are in disagreement with the Batchelor scaling for a high-Schmidt number passive scalar, occur at scales even smaller than the Ozmidov scale, suggesting that these effects would not be negligible in general
An LIA+EDQNM strategy to study shocked turbulent mixtures
No full textDirect numerical simulations (DNS) of the interaction of shock waves with turbulent mixtures are only affordable for very low Reynolds numbers. We propose here to couple the Linear Interaction Analysis (LIA) with an Eddy-Damped Quasi-Normal Markovian (EDQNM) model to get inexpensive valuable information at large Reynolds number
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