11 research outputs found
Bern, Burgerbibliothek, Cod. A 95.5 : Robin Comtet: Panégyrique de Blanche de Navarre (fragment)
No full textFragment of a panegyric on Queen Blanche of Navarre (1331–1398), consisting of almost 400 verses. The author Robin Comtet - who mentions himself toward the end of the piece - is not otherwise known. The poem seems to have been preserved only in this copy and has not yet been published.Online Since: 2018-06-1
Perturbative equation of state for a gas of anyons
No full textThe work of art in the age of its digitized reproduction Digitizing puts the finishing touches to reproductibility, which was already involved in mechanical and analogical techniques. Inspired by Walter Benjamin's aesthetic theories about that issue, we point out that digitizing changes deeply the relations between understanding and feeling, and our approach in terms of time and archives. These digital documents are considered as opus in a new meaning, as far as collective receiving conditions, but also the political author profile, are concerned with this tranformation. A complex situation is coming, with new creating possibilities, through traditional culture subversion, and towards new ways of publishing added-value
Meroplankton distribution and its relationship to coastal mesoscale hydrological structure in the northern Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic)
No full textInternational audienceThe relationship between meroplankton distribution and spatio-temporal variabil- ity of coastal mesoscale hydrological structure was investigated in the northern Bay of Biscay, North-East Atlantic. For the three coastal polychaetes studied, i.e. Pectinaria koreni, Owenia fusiformis and Sabellaria alveolata, the highest larval abun- dances were sampled in low-salinity, low-density and high-temperature river plume waters. For two species (P. koreni and O. fusiformis), maximal abundances were observed in the surface and thermocline layers due to ontogenic migrations. Variance partitioning based on multiple regression and redundancy analyses was used to assess the relative roles played by the hydrological environment alone, the geographical space alone and their interactions, i.e. the spatial structure of the hydrological environment. These analyses demonstrate the key role played by the hydrological spatial structure in the distribution of larval abundances. The hydrological environment alone was insignificant, whereas geographical space alone explained a significant part of the variability in meroplankton distribution, probably in conjunction with ecological processes. For species whose benthic populations are spatially structured, the distribution and the size of adult popu- lations and the timing of spawning events can significantly affect larval distribution and dispersal
Perturbative equation of state for a gas of anyons
No full textThe work of art in the age of its digitized reproduction Digitizing puts the finishing touches to reproductibility, which was already involved in mechanical and analogical techniques. Inspired by Walter Benjamin's aesthetic theories about that issue, we point out that digitizing changes deeply the relations between understanding and feeling, and our approach in terms of time and archives. These digital documents are considered as opus in a new meaning, as far as collective receiving conditions, but also the political author profile, are concerned with this tranformation. A complex situation is coming, with new creating possibilities, through traditional culture subversion, and towards new ways of publishing added-value
Meroplankton distribution and its relationship to coastal mesoscale hydrological structure in the northern Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic)
No full textThe relationship between meroplankton distribution and spatio-temporal variability of coastal mesoscale hydrological structure was investigated in the northern Bay of Biscay, North-East Atlantic. For the three coastal polychaetes studied, i.e. Pectinaria koreni, Owenia fusiformis and Sabellaria alveolata, the highest larval abundances were sampled in low-salinity, low-density and high-temperature river plume waters. For two species (P. koreni and O. fusiformis), maximal abundances were observed in the surface and thermocline layers due to ontogenic migrations. Variance partitioning based on multiple regression and redundancy analyses was used to assess the relative roles played by the hydrological environment alone, the geographical space alone and their interactions, i.e. the spatial structure of the hydrological environment. These analyses demonstrate the key role played by the hydrological spatial structure in the distribution of larval abundances. The hydrological environment alone was insignificant, whereas geographical space alone explained a significant part of the variability in meroplankton distribution, probably in conjunction with ecological processes. For species whose benthic populations are spatially structured, the distribution and the size of adult populations and the timing of spawning events can significantly affect larval distribution and dispersal
Experimental induction of larval metamorphosis by a naturally-produced halogenated compound (dibromomethane) in the invasive mollusc Crepidula fornicata (L.)
No full textInternational audienceIn many marine benthic invertebrates, the larval stage is the main vector of dispersal. Selective metamorphosis of larvae into an appropriate habitat is then essential to the survival of the benthic adult, with profound implications for population dynamics. Within this context, the identification of causal external factors triggering larval metamorphosis is of primary interest. In the widely invasive marine species Crepidula fornicata (L.), adult conditioned seawater is an effective inducer but the inducer has not yet been chemically characterized. In the present study, we experimentally tested the inductive ability of dibromomethane (DBM), a halogenated compound naturally-produced by red algae of the family Corallinaceae that co-occur with C. fornicata in the field. Through a series of three experiments, we demonstrated that DBM effectively induces metamorphosis of C. fomicata larvae, with a strong dose response effect. Positive responses were observed for the four tested concentrations (5, 50, 500 and 5000 ppm), 5000 ppm being the most effective at inducing rapid metamorphosis. At this concentration, larvae became responsive at least five days before they became responsive to excess KCl, a chemical commonly used to test for competence in C fornicata. Whether DBM could be an effective natural inducer would require further studies to quantify DBM and other halogenated compounds in the vicinity of C. fornicata beds, where they could influence larval behaviour even in the absence of other settlement cues. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Microbiote intestinal : de la stérilité chez les nouveau-nés à la complexité des interactions chez l’adulte
No full textInternational audienceThe establishment of the human microbiota begins gradually from birth and undergoes significant changes during the first 1000 days of life (Xiao and Zhao, 2023). This critical period provides windows of "opportunity" for the acquisition of the microbiota and education of the immune system, which ultimately condition well-being and long-term health. The maternal microbiota plays an influential role in shaping these acquisitions (Tian et al., 2023). Therefore, it is natural to say that good maternal health directly contributes to the health of both the fetus and the newborn. However, numerous factors can influence these processes (genetic factors, age, general health, lifestyle, medications, mode of delivery, diet, environmental factors). The complexity of the microbiota often makes it challenging to establish direct links between dysbiosis or disruptions in the mother -child and child -environment dialogues and the appearance of various pathologies. Optimal development of the newborn's gut microbiota can be achieved through a full -term birth, vaginal delivery and breastfeeding which are considered the golden rules. In this regard we will present recent research findings that aim to enhance our understanding of the establishment and dynamics of the gut microbiota in newborns, particularly in relation to immune system education. Disturbances of theses interactions within the context of different pathologies will also be highlighted. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Soci & eacute;t & eacute; fran & ccedil;aise de nutrition
'Lesser-used' languages in historic Europe : models of change from the 16th to the 19th centuries
No full textThis article charts and tries to explain the changing use of ‘minority’ languages in Europe between the end of the Middle Ages and the 19th century. This period saw the beginnings of a decline in the use of certain dialects and separate languages, notably Irish and Scottish Gaelic, although some tongues such as Catalan and Welsh remained widely used. The article develops some models of the relationship between language and its social, economic and political context. That relationship was mediated through the availability of printed literature; the political (including military) relations between areas where different languages or dialects were spoken; the nature and relative level of economic development (including urbanization); the policy of the providers of formal education and that of the church on religious instruction and worship; and, finally, local social structures and power relationships. The focus is principally on western Europe, but material is also drawn from Scandinavia and from eastern and central Europe.Peer reviewe
A comparison of four methods to estimate dim light melatonin onset: a repeatability and agreement study
No full textDim light melatonin onset (DLMO) is considered the most reliable circadian phase marker in humans. However, the methods to calculate it are diverse, which limits the comparability between studies. Given the key role of DLMO to diagnose circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and determine the optimal timing of chronotherapies, the establishment of clear and validated guidelines on the methodology to assess DLMO is very important. We performed a repeatability study (n = 31) and an agreement study (n = 62) in healthy young adults with hourly blood samples collected under dim light conditions (<8 lux) during a chronobiological protocol. We assessed the repeatability of DLMO with three different methods (fixed threshold, dynamic threshold and hockey stick) across two nights and assessed agreement of each method with the mean visual estimation made by four chronobiologists. Analyses included Bland-Altman diagrams, intraclass correlation coefficients and equivalence tests. The repeatability of the four methods across two nights ranged from good to perfect. The agreement study highlighted that the hockey stick showed equivalent or superior performance (ICC: 0.95, mean difference with visual estimation: 5 min) in healthy subjects compared to the dynamic and fixed thresholds. Thanks to its objective nature, the hockey stick method may provide better estimates than the mean of the visual estimations of several raters. These findings suggest that the hockey stick method provides the most reliable estimate of DLMO within the tested methods and should be considered for use in future studies.</p
On the Benthic Invertebrate Megafauna at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, in the Vicinity of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone
No full textLittle is known about the fauna that inhabits non-chemosynthetic environments associated with mid-ocean ridges. This thesis investigates a ridge and fracture zone system to assess its influence as a barrier to faunal dispersal, and as a unique bathyal habitat. It also describes the ecology of megabenthic communities inhabiting a ridge. Sites were chosen on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the vicinity of the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone, at a target depth of 2,500 m. Four superstations were chosen north and south of the Fracture Zone, on either side of the ridge. Different productivity levels and hydrographic features were characteristic for the northern and southern sites. In order to characterise the benthic megafauna 50 ha were trawled and 32,000 m2 of seafloor were sampled with HD video footage, targeting both flat and 10 ? sloped habitats. Holothurians were the most abundant megafauna. In order to assess their evolutionary relationship 43 holothurian specimens were genetically studied by modelling five of their genes (16S, 18S, 28S, COI, H3) in a phylogenetic analysis. All four sites exhibited noticeably different faunal characteristics. The biomass was highest at the SE, and lowest at the NW site. Body sizes differed between sites for most taxa, that were sufficient in numbers to be compared between sites, most likely as a result of different adaptations to food supply. Differences in species richness were observed between the sampling methods, with the highest richness at the SE site in trawl samples, and highest at the NW and SW sites in the video survey. Species densities were highest at the northern sites with both methods. Differences in diversity were also observed, with trawl samples providing a higher taxonomic resolution than the video survey and showing highest diversity at the SE site and lowest at the NE site. Community composition was significantly different between sites. Variations in the composition of megabenthic assemblages were observed between flat and 10 ? sloped habitats, although the effect of slope appears to be site dependent. The genetic analyses revealed a close relationship between individuals from different families. The extent to which the Ridge acts as a faunal barrier was unclear as the southern sites lacked an obvious difference in community composition. Faunal differences to the north and south of the Fracture Zone, however, suggest that this feature is a barrier to dispersal. The contrasting megafaunal assemblages of the sites probably reflect a combination of environmental drivers including sediment type, phytodetrital quality, hydrography, and habitat complexity
