1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pengembangan Tes Pengetahuan Praktikum Biologi Berdasarkan GRM dan GPCM
No full textPenelitian dengan studi empirik ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model tes yang cocok dengan data. Pengembangan item pada penelitian menggunakan pendekatan teori respons butir politomus (TRBP). Subjek ujicoba diambil dari siswa lima SMP kelas VII akhir mewakili peringkat SMP di Kota Yogyakarta sebanyak 1030 siswa. Hasil Metode TRBP yang cocok dipilih berdasarkan hasil parametrisasi menggunakan PARSCALE dan deskripsi hubungan fungsional antara respons peserta tes dengan tingkat kemampuannya yang dinyatakan dalam test information curves (TIC). Penelitian ini menghasilkan 16 butir untuk bank soal dengan karakteristik masing-masing butir memiliki nilai daya beda yang tidak rendah (>0,25 skala logit) dan nilai kesulitan butir pada selang -3 sampai +3 skala logit. Berdasarkan informasi yang dihasilkan, kedua macam model penskoran Graded Response Model (GRM) dan Generalized Partial Credi Model (GPCM) cocok memodelkan penskoran TPPB.Kata kunci: tes pengetahuan praktikum biologi, GRM, GPC
Perbandingan Model Graded Response dan Generalized Partial Credit pada Tes Pengetahuan Praktikum Biologi
No full textTes pengetahuan praktikum biologi (TPPB) berisi tugas-tugas untuk mengukur pengetahuan kinerja siswa. Respons siswa berupa jawaban bebas atau terbuka dan diskor dengan 3, 5, dan 7 kategori. Permasalahannya: (1) di antara GRM dan GPCM, model apa yang lebih cocok untuk memodelkan hasil penskoran Tes Pengetahuan Praktikum Biologi?, dan (2) informasi apa saja yang dapat diperoleh setelah membandingkan nilai RMSE berbagai kondisi tes yang disimulasikan? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan informasi untuk menyatakan model respons butir politomus (GRM ataukah GPCM) yang lebih cocok dengan data dan (2) menghasilkan informasi yang lebih banyak tentang tes.
Penelitian empirik didesain dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif eksploratori. Partisipan uji coba diambil dari siswa lima SMP kelas VII akhir mewakili peringkat SMP di Kota Yogyakarta sebanyak 1030 siswa. GRM ataukah GPCM yang cocok dipilih berdasarkan maximum data fit (χ2) dan deskripsi hubungan fungsional antara respons peserta tes dengan tingkat kemampuannya yang dinyatakan dalam item characteristic curves (ICC) dan test information curves (TIC). Penelitian simulasi didesain dengan rancangan penelitian faktorial. Melalui simulasi mirip empirik dan ideal telah dianalisis pengaruh GRM dan GPCM yang digunakan sebagai pengkalibrasi pola respons dan pembangkitan karakteristik item; berbagai ukuran sampel 250, 500, 1000, 1500, dan 2000 siswa; dan panjang tes 4, 8, dan 16 item yang terdiri atas sepuluh macam kasus panjang tes terhadap nilai RMSE parameter kemampuan dan item. Nilai RMSE dibandingkan secara deskriptif dan statistik nonparametrik dengan menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis Test sehingga dapat diketahui berbagai informasi tentang kondisi tes.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa GPCM lebih cocok dibanding GRM untuk memodelkan penskoran Tes Pengetahuan Praktikum Biologi berdasarkan hasil uji fit dengan χ2, ICC dan TIC. Berbagai informasi yang dihasilkan dari studi simulasi adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, model teori respons butir politomus (TRBP) untuk pembangkitan karaketeristik item dan panjang tes termasuk kasus panjang tes berpengaruh terhadap nilai RMSE parameter θ. Ukuran sampel 250, 500, 1000, 1500, dan 2000 siswa tidak memberikan perbedaan yang signifikans terhadap RMSE parameter kemampuan. Kedua, faktor yang mempengaruhi RMSE parameter item adalah model TRBP pembangkitan karakteristik item, model TRBP kalibrasi pola respons hasil simulasi, atau kombinasi keduanya. Item-item pada bank soal yang dibentuk dari hasil kalibrasi GRM maka sebaiknya direparametrisasi dengan GRM, begitu juga dengan GPCM. Ukuran sampel 250, 500, 1000, 1500, dan 2000 siswa dan panjang tes 4, 8, dan 16 item tidak memberikan perbedaan yang signifikans terhadap RMSE parameter item. Ketiga, model TRPB pembangkitan karakteristik item untuk simulasi merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi perbedaan nilai RMSE parameter a. Keempat, model TRBP kalibrasi pola respons hasil simulasi merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai RMSE parameter kesukaran kategori respons, bk
PENGEMBANGAN TES PENGETAHUAN PRAKTIKUM BIOLOGI BERDASARKAN GRADED RESPONSE DAN GENERALIZED PARTIAL CREDIT
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model tes yang cocok dengan data. Pengembangan item pada penelitian menggunakan pendekatan teori respons butir politomus (TRBP). Subjek ujicoba diambil dari siswa lima SMP kelas VII akhir mewakili peringkat SMP di Kota Yogyakarta sebanyak 1030 siswa. Hasil Model TRBP yang cocok dipilih berdasarkan hasil parametrisasi menggunakan PARSCALE dan deskripsi hubungan fungsional antara respons peserta tes dengan tingkat kemampuannya yang dinyatakan dalam test information curves(TIC). Penelitian ini menghasilkan 16 butir untuk bank soal dengan karakteristik masing-masing butir memiliki nilai daya beda yang tidak rendah (>0,25 skala logit) dan nilai kesulitan butir pada selang -3 sampai +3 skala logit. Berdasarkan informasi yang dihasilkan, kedua macam model penskoran GRM dan GPCM cocok memodelkan penskoran TPPB yang diadministrasikan. GPCM mungkin lebih merefleksikan realitas bagaimana data dihasilkan sehingga dari TIC tampak lebih akurat menaksir kemampuan dibanding GRM.Kata Kunci: tes pengetahuan praktikum biologi, GRM, GPCM______________________________________________________________DEVELOPMENT OF A TEST OF BIOLOGY PRACTICUM KNOWLEDGE WITH GRADED RESPONSE AND GENERALIZED PARTIAL CREDIT MODELSAbstract This study aims to generate information to define the polytomous item response models which are more suitable with the data. The items were developed by the polytomous item response theory approach. The tryout participants were 1030 Year VII students selected from five junior high schools in Yogyakarta City. A suitable model was selected based on the result of PARSCALE parameterization and a description of the functional relationship between the testees' responses and their ability levels indicated by the test information curves (TIC). The study yields 16 items for the item bank in which the discrimination index of each item is > 0.25 logit scale and the difficulty index ranges from -3 to +3 logit scale. The information shows that GRM and GPCM models of are suitable for scoring the administered TBPK. GPCM possibly reflects reality more regarding how the data are yielded so that on the basis of TIC it seems more accurate to estimate students' ability than GRM.Keywords: a test of biology practicum knowledge (TBPK), GRM, GPC
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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