13 research outputs found
Identifying risk in shariah compliant financing for transport infrastructure projects in Indonesia
No full textShariah compliant financing to develop Indonesia’s infrastructure are seen by the Government of Indonesia to be suitable considering factors such as increasing market appetite for Islamic finance products and the risk-sharing principles in their transaction. Indonesia is still in its early stage with its first Shariah compliant financed public infrastructure project in 2013, there is limited knowledge of the risk factors. This research identified the sources and types of risk in Indonesia’s practice of using Shariah compliant financing to finance their transportation project, in particular railway, seaport, and airport projects; and provided strategic approach to manage the identified risks
Identifying risk in shariah compliant financing for transport infrastructure projects in Indonesia
No full textGULBADAN BEGUM : KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM KESULTANAN MUGHAL (929-1011 H/1523-1603 M)
No full textThis study aims to analyze and see how Gulbadan Begum\u27s contribution to the Mughal Sultanate. This research is a qualitative research and uses a historical methodology through library research based on a comparison of the data obtained and processed by the author, and describes what Gulbadan Begum did during the reign of Sultan Humayun and Sultan Akbar, and contributions to science. knowledge. The results of this study resulted in some of the best policies for the palace of the Mughal Sultanate. In addition, several scientists appeared in the Mughal Sultanate who made when Sultan Akbar ruled it was written that his era was the era of the pride of the Mughal SultanatePenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis serta melihat bagaimana Kontribusi Gulbadan Begum dalam Kesultanan Mughal. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif dan menggunakan metodologi sejarah melalui studi pustaka (Library Research) berdasarkan perbandingan data-data yang telah di didapatkan dan diolah oleh penulis, dan memaparkan apa saja yang telah Gulbadan Begum semasa ketika Sultan Humayun, dan Sultan Akbar berkuasa, dan kontribusi dalam ilmu pengetahuan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kebijakan yang terbaik untuk istana Kesultanan Mughal. Selain itu juga muncul beberapa ilmuwan-ilmuwan di Kesultanan Mughal yang membuat ketika Sultan Akbar memimpin dituliskan bahwa era nya adalah era keemasan Kesultanan Mugha
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
No full textMathematics is formed from human experience in the world empirically. Then the experience is processed in the world of ratios, processed analytically with reasoning in the cognitive structure so that mathematical concepts are formed so that the mathematical concepts formed are easily understood by other people and can be manipulated appropriately, then mathematical language or mathematical notation is used. global value. In this research, the author examines the understanding of problem solving based on several experts and research that has been carried out and draws conclusions from the literature review. The type of research used in this study is Library Research by searching for various articles from national and international journals on Google Scholar which are useful as a theoretical basis for the topic discussed, namely mathematical problem solving abilities. Mathematical problem solving ability is thinking that is directed directly to finding a solution or solution to a specific problem in the development of high-level thinking that can connect several concepts
ON THE JOB TRAINING REPORT AIRPORT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDY PROGRAM DIPLOMA PROGRAM THREE BATCH XX AT SULTAN MAHMUD BADARUDDIN II AIRPORT PALEMBANG
Get PDFThe rapid development of Science and technology has resulted in electrical energy becoming a very important thing for humans. What would it be like if we lived without electricity, the use of electrical energy that is already very attached and touches many aspects of human life. Field Work Practice (On The Job Training) is carried out at the Airport that has been determined by the Medan Aviation Polytechnic Education Training. On The Job Training (OJT) is one of the curriculums that must be implemented by Cadets as a form of measuring the level of cadets' abilities in direct work practice and adding knowledge that has not been obtained from campus during the OJT period. After implementing On the Job Training (OJT) for approximately 6 months at Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport, Palembang, several conclusions can be drawn, including: The performance of the Aviation Electrical Unit which carries out its duties and responsibilities well. Can understand and gain experience and how the conditions or situations are in the world of work. Can develop the abilities possessed from the competencies obtained from the Airport. The author knows and understands the types of organizations, structures, units, and management at the Airport Can handle a problem in the field, and can find out the initial analysis of the problems that occur, so that they can handle the problem appropriately and efficientl
Cemil Ekber'in Doğruyu söylemek adlı kitabı bağlamında el-Maslaha el-Mürsele ve Peygamberin terk eylemi konularındaki görüşleri ve bunların siyaset-i şer'iyye üzerinde etkisi
No full textBu çalışma, örneklerini hemen her dönemde görebileceğimiz güncel sorunlara çözüm üretmeye çalışan İslam düşünürleri, müçtehitleri ve teorisyenlerinin görüşlerinin, teklif edilen çözümlerin düşünsel arka planı, temel argümanları, iç tutarlığı ve geleneksel düşünce ile ilişkisi bağlamında çağdaş bir yazar ölçeğinde incelenmesini konu edinir. Çalışma, çağdaş İslam düşünürlerinden Cemil Ekber’in fıkıh ilminin bazı ilkelerine yönelik yenilikçi görüşleri ve bu görüşlerin yazarın çizdiği çerçevede fıkhın siyasetle kesişme alanı olan siyâset-i şer’iyye konularına yansımalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Akademik çalışmaları itibariyle doğrudan İslam Hukuku konularıyla ilgili olmasa da Cemil Ekber'in Kassu’l-hakk adlı kitabı klasik fıkıh ve usûl ilminin meselelerini tartışır ve farklı değerlendirmeler, eleştiriler ve çözümler sunar. Bu yönüyle yazar usûl-ı fıkhın temel kavramlarından olan el-maslaha el-mürsele kavramı ve metodunu tenkit eder ve açıkça bu kavramı kullanmasa da usûl ilminde hüküm kaynağı olarak kaynak değeri ve anlamı tartışılan Peygamberin bir eylemi terkini görüşlerinin önemli bir kısmını temellendirmek için sistemli bir şekilde kullanır. Cemil Ekber, bir dönem Massachusetts Institute of Technology'de hocalık yapmış ve halen Türkiye'deki Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi’nde görev yapmaktadır. Çalışma uzun zaman dilimi içinde edinilmiş ilmi ve entelektüel birikimini klasik fıkıh ve usûl ilimlerinin meseleleriyle hukuk-siyaset ilişkisi çerçevesinde harmanlamaya çalışan, bunu gerçekleştirirken eleştiriler ve farklı çözümler teklif eden çağdaş bir yazarın düşüncelerini fıkıh düşüncesi bağlamında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde fıkıh, fıkıh usulü ve siyaset-i şeriyye kavramlarının çalışma kapsamında tanımları ele alınacak ve bir İslam düşünürü olarak Cemil Ekber'in biyografisi ve ilmi çalışmalarının tanıtımını yapılacak. Ekber'in hayat projesi denilebilecek Kassu’l-hakk kitabı müstakil bir bölümde incelenecektir: Fıkıh, usûl-ı fıkıh, siyaset-i şer’iyye konularıyla ilişkili görüşleri tasnif edilecek, bunların kitabın takdim ettiği temel düşünsel çerçevesi içindeki yeri tespit edilmeye çalışılacak, yazarın maslahat-ı mürsele ve “nebevî terk” kavramlarıyla ilişkilendirilebilecek temellendirmeleri analiz edilecektir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ilk bölümde ulaşılan sonuçlar ışığında yazarın düşünceleri, yenilikçi yaklaşımlarının iç tutarlılığı analiz edilerek bu düşüncelerin var olanı açıklama ve yeniyi inşa etmek için ne denli rasyonel bir teorik çerçeve sunduğu veya buna imkân sağladığı incelenecektir.This study aims the study of a modern Islamic thinker Jamel Akbar as an example of the Muslim thinkers, philosophers and theorists who, as almost in every period of Islamic history, try to find solutions to current problems, in the framework of his intellectual background, his main arguments, internal consistency of his thoughts and their relationship with classical thought on the same topics. The study aims to examine the innovative views of Jamel Akbar about some principles of fiqh and the impact of these views on the issues of siyâsa shar’iyya, which represents the intersection area of fiqh with politics, within the framework drawn by the author in his book “qass al-haqq”. Although the Islamic Law is not the field of the author’s specific academic career, Jamel Akbar's book discusses the issues of classical fiqh and the methodology of fiqh i.e. usûl al-fiqh and offers different views, criticisms and solutions to modern problems in the classical domain of fiqh. In this respect, the author criticizes the concept and method of al-maslaha al-mursalah which is one of the basic concepts of usûl-ı fiqh and uses the the Prophet’s omission, whose source value and meaning as a source of ruling are discussed in the usûl al-fiqh, in a systematic way to justify a significant part of his views. Jamel Akbar taught at the Masachusetts Institute of Technology and currently teaches at Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf University in Türkiye. The study aims to evaluate the ideas of the author who tries to blend his scientific and intellectual knowledge and experience acquired over a long period of time with the issues of classical fiqh and methodology within the framework of law and politics, and who offers criticisms and different solutions to the modern problems of fiqh. In the introductory part of the study, the definitions of the concepts of fiqh, usûl-i fiqh and siyâsa shar’iyya will be discussed within the scope of the study, the biography and scientific works of Jamel Akbar will be introduced. Akbar's book “qass al-haqq”, which can be called the life project of the author, will be examined in a separate section: The authors references to fiqh, usûl-ı fiqh, siyâsa shar’iyya will be examined and their place within the basic intellectual framework presented by the book will be determined, and the author's justifications of the norms that can be associated with the concepts of al-maslaha al-mursala and Prophet’s omission of an act will be analyzed. In the second part of the study, in the light of the results reached in the first part, the internal consistency of the author's innovative approaches to the ideas will be analyzed and the extent to which these ideas offer or enable a rational theoretical framework to explain the existing and construct the new will be examined
A review on the success factors of crowdfunding-based to finance small-scale infrastructure projects
Get PDFPublic-Private Partnership (PPP) schemes in delivering economic and social infrastructure are growing in developing countries worldwide. Various developing countries, including Indonesia, has also been preparing and developing numerous projects, ranging from larger-scale economic infrastructures that include toll roads to multifunction satellites and smaller-scale social infrastructures that include water supply, solid-waste management, and regional hospital projects. With the increasing numbers of smaller infrastructure projects proposed by the local government, attracting financers to invest in these projects is still a challenge the government faces. Financial institutions are still averse to making the appraisal and due diligence to such projects, owing to the nature of little historical evidence of private finance involvement in small-scale infrastructure finance. In some western countries, citizens have taken the initiative to forward and finance their local infrastructure development due to realizing the social, economic, and environmental benefits of civic projects for the local community. Theoretical research has shown the opportunity of utilizing crowdfunding for local urban infrastructure; however, the factors contributing to benefit from this finance method are yet to be identified. This paper seeks to answer questions on what success factors contribute to the opportunity to adapt the crowdfunding scheme to finance a smaller-scale urban infrastructure project by conducting qualitative literature review
A review on the success factors of crowdfunding-based to finance small-scale infrastructure projects
No full textPublic-Private Partnership (PPP) schemes in delivering economic and social infrastructure are growing in developing countries worldwide. Various developing countries, including Indonesia, has also been preparing and developing numerous projects, ranging from larger-scale economic infrastructures that include toll roads to multifunction satellites and smaller-scale social infrastructures that include water supply, solid-waste management, and regional hospital projects. With the increasing numbers of smaller infrastructure projects proposed by the local government, attracting financers to invest in these projects is still a challenge the government faces. Financial institutions are still averse to making the appraisal and due diligence to such projects, owing to the nature of little historical evidence of private finance involvement in small-scale infrastructure finance. In some western countries, citizens have taken the initiative to forward and finance their local infrastructure development due to realizing the social, economic, and environmental benefits of civic projects for the local community. Theoretical research has shown the opportunity of utilizing crowdfunding for local urban infrastructure; however, the factors contributing to benefit from this finance method are yet to be identified. This paper seeks to answer questions on what success factors contribute to the opportunity to adapt the crowdfunding scheme to finance a smaller-scale urban infrastructure project by conducting qualitative literature review
Governing globalization in South Asia through a legal praxis of human rights, development and democracy
No full textABSTRACT
This doctoral thesis in law seeks to understand, and begin to remedy, the immense and avoidable poverty that disenfranchises at least 30 percent of the world's most populous region. Defining South Asia as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, the study analyses the multidimensional nature, historical origins and modern dynamics of both this material poverty and poverties of human rights, democracy and development. Both critical analysis and creative response are framed within legal history, human rights jurisprudence, constitutional and administrative law, comparative law and public international law, but the author draws extensively on political economy and history, and partially on philosophy, and cultural studies.
Chapter 1 traces the Western evolution of the universal human rights regime, first globalized in 1948 by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It also traces South Asian sociopolitical and religious articulations of human dignity and limitations on legitimate power through the ages. Mostly contrary to culturally relativist claims, South Asia's human rights needs are found to be well served by a genuinely universalist regime including justiciable economic, social and cultural rights as inseparable from civil and political.
Chapters 2 and 3 survey the historical globalizations that have impacted on South Asia. Although globalization is shown to be a neutral phenomenon, the author identifies the insidious contemporary propagation of a particular neo-liberal ideology as being globalization's inevitable and optimal form. The study analyses this propagation by the International Financial Institutions the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, acting through Structural Adjustment Policies and only partially corrective Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers. Neo-liberalism supposedly unshackles benign market forces from distorting governmental rules to create spontaneous growth that trickles down to the poor; in fact it employs its own rules to privilege the already wealthy, especially Western capital and transnational corporations (TNCs).
The thesis urges South Asia to govern globalization pro-actively, seeking the virtuous circle of human rights, plural democracy and equitable development. Positive signs have already included national membership in, and constitutional enshrinement of, universal human rights norms, and certain efforts of civil society and non-governmental organizations, fostered at times by activist judiciaries.
Chapter 4 nevertheless catalogues overriding failures to internalize plural democracy and the rule of law, leaving rights nominal and democratic structures hollow. Governments have been obsequious to neo-liberal hegemony, insouciant to their underclasses and exploitative of religious schisms in appeal to tyrannous majoritarianism. The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation is shown as an inadequate response to the region's multidimensional poverties.
Adapting instead the best practices of the Council of Europe, the Organization of American States, the African Union, and the British Commonwealth from Chapter 5, Chapter 6 details a South Asian Union for Human Rights Development and Democracy to replace SAARC. This new regional response complements global human rights norms and offers South Asia solidarity in confronting neo-liberalism, and holding TNCs, IFIs and especially their own governments accountable to the rule of law, equitable development, deep democracy, wide human rights, and larger freedom in peace and security
The Dispute over the Attribution of a Ghazal to Saadi, Mahseti, and Rafi' Marvazi
Get PDFIntroductionMany of the diwans (poetic collections) of ancient poets have been lost for various reasons. This has led to reliance on tazkarehs (biographical works) and jongs (literary anthologies) for compiling the poetic works of the poets without preserved diwans. Although the existence of these tazkarehs and jongs is a great blessing, sometimes the authors' or scribes' errors result in attributing a poem to someone else. However, referring to tazkarehs and jongs is the only way to gather the works of poets without preserved diwans, albeit with caution. The oldest and perhaps the most authoritative tazkareh of Persian poetry is Lobab al-Albab; this tazkareh provides abundant and documented information about poets before the 6th century and serves as a source for other tazkarehs and historical books. Based on the editors' statements in Lobab al-Albab, this tazkareh was edited based on two manuscripts by Elliot and Sprenger, which Browne stated were from the 16th or 17th century AD, approximately the 10th or 11th century AH (See: Aufi, 1982: 7). And elsewhere, he states that: “In fact, none of the manuscript copies used as the basis possesses significant antiquity or scholarly precision” (ibid: 19). However, this lateness of the manuscripts of Lobab cannot be a reason for major alterations in the poems, and on this basis, it can be considered one of the most authentic sources for poems before the 6th century, as it was of interest to the authors of tazkarehs, and many later tazkarehs, literary works, and historical books have cited it. After Lobab, various tazkarehs and jongs such as Rawzat al-Nazir, Arafat al-Ashiqin, Atishkadeh, Aftab-e Alamtab, Ruz-e Rushan, Majales al-Nafais, and similar tazkarehs were compiled. Although the main benefit of these tazkarehs is the collecting poems and biographies of earlier poets, especially those without preserved diwans, they sometimes contain attribution errors. In such cases, the most logical approach is referring to the earliest of these tazkarehs and jongs and their consensus on a subject and presenting rational evidence to minimize errors. Literature ReviewThere are various articles and editions regarding Mahseti Ganjavi and the quatrains attributed to him. One of the oldest articles related to Mahseti is “Mahseti Nayshaburi” by Ali Akbar Qawim al-Dowleh, in which he mentions Mahseti Nayshaburi through a narration from Sultan Sanjar (Qawim al-Dowleh, 1960: 161-168). Among the most important articles about Mahseti is “Mahseti-shenasi” by Maryam Mosharraf, which discusses Mahseti's life and introduces two books about him (Mosharraf, 2005: 85-101). There is also an article titled “Stylistic Analysis of Mahseti Ganjavi's Quatrains” by Mohammad Reza Najjarian, which lists his stylistic characteristics (Najjarian, 2016: 241-268). There are more articles about Mahseti, but they are beyond the scope of this research. However, none of the aforementioned studies mention the attribution of the ghazal in question to Mahseti Ganjavi. Furthermore, this ghazal is not present in any of the editions of Mahseti's quatrains. Additionally, the authors of this research did not find any studies on the works and potential poems of Rafi' Marvazi. There has also been no research regarding the attribution of this ghazal to Saadi. MethodsThe method of data collection in the present research is library-based and note-taking. In this study, a descriptive-analytical approach is used to examine a ghazal attributed to three poets. Several manuscripts and printed copies have also been studied to reach the most accurate conclusion. DiscussionOne of the current problems regarding the poems of past poets is the wandering of some of these poems in different jongs and tazkarehs. A famous ghazal attributed to Saadi, and also included as a “mukhammas” (five-line poem based on another poem) on Saadi's ghazal in Helali Joghatayi's diwan, is recorded with Saadi's pen name. However, after examining Saadi's Kolliyat (complete works) and scrutinizing several manuscripts, we did not find this ghazal in Saadi's diwan. This ghazal, present in Helali's “tazmin” (incorporation), also has Saadi's pen name. It is attributed to Mahseti in the tazkareh Biyaz by Taj al-Din Ahmad Wazir and the jong Rawzat al-Nazir wa Nuzhat al-Khatir by Abdulaziz Kashi. A critical point that casts doubt on these attributions is the inclusion of this ghazal in Lobab al-Albab under the name of Rafi' Marvazi. Considering that Lobab precedes all of these works, the attribution of the ghazal to Mahseti and Saadi becomes questionable. Furthermore, in three instances in Jawame’ al-Hekayat, Tarikh-e Jahangushay-e Juvayni, and Makaram al-Akhlaq, a line or lines from this ghazal are mentioned; and given the historical periods of these books, its attribution to Saadi is impossible. Moreover, the attribution of the ghazal to Rafi' takes precedence over Mahseti, as the ghazal in question is attributed to Rafi' Marvazi in Lobab, which is earlier than the other manuscripts. ConclusionGiven that the ghazal in question is attributed to Rafi' Marvazi in Lobab al-Albab by Aufi, and since Rafi' Marvazi was a poet of the Seljughi era, while Saadi is later than him and even the author of Lobab, it can be said with certainty that this ghazal is not by Saadi. The inclusion of two lines from this poem without mentioning the author's name in Jawame’ al-Hekayat, Tarikh-e Jahangushay, and Makaram al-Akhlaq is Another reason to reject its attribution to Saadi. The attribution of this ghazal to Mahseti should also be doubted, as the oldest tazkareh closest to Mahseti's time has attributed it to Rafi' Marvazi. Additionally, this ghazal differs from Mahseti's poems in terms of stylistic and poetic form. Therefore, considering the refutation of its attribution to Saadi and the doubt in its attribution to Mahseti, it is logical and more accurate to trust Lobab and attribute it to Rafi' Marvazi
