1,180 research outputs found
Experimental evaluation of toughening mechanisms in alumina-zirconia composites
No full textThe contributions of transformation toughening and microcrack toughening in an 85Al(2)O(3). 15ZrO(2) (vol%) composite were quantitatively evaluated. Three types of hot-pressed samples with similar size (similar to 0.5 mu m) and size distribution of ZrO2 grains, but with different contents (vol%) of monoclinic- (m-) ZrO2 (0 (AZS), 45 (AZT), and 67 (AZM)) were prepared using Y2O3 and MoO2 dopants. Therefore, the possible effect of ZrO2 grain size on each toughening mechanism was eliminated. When the measured fracture toughnesses of m-ZrO2 volume fractions before and after fracture were compared, the transformation-toughening constant was estimated as 3.0 MPa.m(1/2) and the microcrack-toughening constant 0.2 MPa.m(1/2) for a 100% monoclinic transformation of ZrO2 grains. This result indicates that transformation toughening was the dominant toughening mechanism in the studied composite
Bacteroides koreensis sp. nov. and Bacteroides kribbi sp. nov., two new members of the genus Bacteroides
No full textThree bacterial isolates from human faeces, YS-aM39T, R2F3-3-3T and R2F3-5-1, were characterized as Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, and rod-shaped. Isolate YS-aM39T formed a distinct line of descent, showing greatest 16S rRNA gene sequence relatedness with R2F3-3-3T (97.5%), R2F3-5-1 (97.5%), Bacteroides ovatus (98.8%) and Bacteroides xylanisolvens (97.2%). Isolates R2F3-3-3T and R2F3-5-1 also formed a distinct line of descent, sharing greatest 16S rRNA gene sequence relatedness with B. ovatus (98.2%) and B. xylanisolvens (97.2%). The DNA G+C content of YS-aM39T was 44.8 mol%, that of R2F3-3-3T was 42.4 mol% and that of R2F3-5-1 was 42.6 mol%. The respiratory quinone of all three isolates was menaquinone MK-10. Polar lipid analysis identified phosphatidylethanolamine as the major lipid. The predominant fatty acids in all three isolates were anteiso-C15: 0, iso-C15: 0, C16: 0 3-OH and iso-C17: 0 3-OH. The major end products of glucose fermentation were acetic acid, lactic acid and formic acid. DNA？DNA hybridization data indicated that two isolates, YS-aM39T and R2F3-3-3T, represent a species distinct from B. ovatus and B. xylanisolvens. Finally, in this study, the two isolates represented two new species in the genus Bacteroides, for which we propose the names Bacteroides koreensis sp. nov. (type strain, YS-aM39T=KCTC 15520T=JCM 31393T) and Bacteroides kribbi sp. nov. (type strain, R2F3-3-3T=KCTC 15460T=JCM 31391T).
Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of SrTiO3 thin films with Sr(tmhd)(2) and Ti(i-OPr)(4)
No full textSrTiO3 (STO) thin films were deposited in the deposition temperature range of 250-350 degreesC by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) with Sr(tmhd)(2) (tmhd=tetramethyl heptanedionate) and Ti(i-OPr)(4) (i-OPr=iso-propoxide) as a precursor. Two precursors were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, delivered into the vaporizer separately by a newly developed pulse injection method, and the vapor mixture was introduced into the reactor. An argon purge was inserted after the precursor injection and afterward, plasma was generated with the oxygen introduction. Deposition rate was saturated at 0.3-0.4 Angstrom/cycle. Despite the poor volatility of Sr(tmhd)(2), SrTiO3 thin films were reproducibly deposited and using plasma activated O-2 gas as an oxidant, films could be deposited at low temperature with carbon residue of STO thin films minimized. Step coverage of both SrO and SrTiO3 were above 90% due to the self-limiting growth behavior of atomic layer deposition process. (C) 2002 American Vacuum Society.X112527sciescopu
Author's reply to comment on ""Biological removal of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins from incinerator fly ash by sphingomonas wittichii RW1"" by Rolf U. Halden
No full textX111sciescopu
Physiological function of insoluble dietary fiber prepared from exploded oak wood (Quercus mongolica)
No full textThis study investigated the production of insoluble dietary fiber using exploded and chemically treated oak wood (Quercus mongolica) and the physiological functions of prepared insoluble dietary fiber in laboratory animals. To produce high quality insoluble dietary fiber, the steam explosion treatment was performed at 25 kg f/cm(2) pressure for 6 minutes. In the chemical analysis of insoluble dietary fiber, exploded oak wood was pretreated by 1% sodium hydroxide solution. The insoluble dietary fiber contained 7.6% residual lignin and 61.7% of alpha-cellulose. In order to compare the physiological functions of prepared insoluble dietary fiber with those of commercial insoluble dietary fiber, Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 10 g were randomly assigned to one normal diet and five high cholesterol diets, containing 1% cholesterol. The high cholesterol diet groups were classified as the fiber-free diet (FF group), 5% commercial alpha-cellulose diet group (5C group), 10% commercial alpha-cellulose group (10C group), 5% insoluble dietary fiber group (5M group) and 10% insoluble dietary fiber group (10M group). Food intake, weight gain and food efficiency ratio in high cholesterol groups were significantly higher than those of the normal group, but there were no significant differences among the high cholesterol diet groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in the weights of liver, kidney and small intestine in insoluble dietary fiber-supplemented groups. Cecum weights in all insoluble dietary fiber groups were significantly higher than those of the FF group. There were no significant differences in the activities of the glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) among the insoluble dietary fiber-supplemented groups. In conclusion, the prepared insoluble dietary fiber and the commercially available insoluble fiber showed the same physiological effects. Moreover, the preparation method for the insoluble dietary fiber from the exploded oak wood was successful
FOURIER TRANSFORM MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY OF SCS (X), YS (X) AND VS (X)
No full textAuthor Institution: Department of Chemistry and Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721Pure rotational spectra of three transition-metal monosulfides, ScS, YS, and VS, have been recorded using Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy (FTWM) in the range 10-40 GHz. These molecules are all free radicals and have been synthesized in a mixture of HS gas with metal vapor, obtained by laser ablation of a metal rod. In the case of ScS and VS, a discharge was necessary to successfully produce the molecules. For YS, the N=10, 21, 32 and 43 rotational transitions have been recorded. For ScS and VS, the N=10, N=21 and N=32 have been obtained. Vanadium, scandium and yttrium hyperfine structures were resolved for these species. Rotational, fine structure and hyperfine coupling constants have been determined for all three radicals. This works completes the high-resolution pure rotational measurements of 3d transition-metal monosulfides, and provides the most accurate values of the hyperfine parameters for these molecules to date. Bond lengths and spectroscopic parameters will be presented
The Daily Menu of Miners’ Families of Donbass in 1965 – 1985 ys
No full textУ статті розглядається повсякденне харчування шахтарських родин Донбасу у 1965 – 1985 роках. Автор
акцентує увагу на особливих традиціях організації харчування у шахтарських родинах порівняно з іншими
типами сімей. Дослідження базується на неопублікованих архівних документах, статистичних даних та
матеріалах усної історії.В статье рассматривается повседневное питание шахтерских семей Донбасса в 1965 – 1985 годах. Автор
акцентирует внимание на особенных традициях организации питания в шахтерских семьях по сравнению
с другими типами семей. Исследование базируется на неопубликованных архивных документах, статисти-
ческих данных и материалах устной истории.Questions of a food and consumption of foodstuffs are studied insufficiently carefully in modern historical
science. But it’s one of the basic indicators of standard of well-being of the population. The author describes and
characterizes the most popular and favorite dishes in miners’ families, and the traditions of behaviour at the
table. In addition, the special attention is received to dependence of food from the standard of financial support
of miners’ families, and also from specificity of a miner’s trade. The author also focuses attention on special
traditions of meals in miners’ families as compared with other types of families, and notices negative tendencies
in a daily food, such as regular use of alcoholic beverages. The research is based on the unpublished archive
documents, the statistical data and materials of verbal history. The article is a part of more wider research
devoted to daily life of miners’ families of Donbass in 1965 – 1985 ys
Optimal design of simulation experiments with nearly saturated queues
No full textSimulation Models;Interpolation;Queueing Network;Extrapolation
The Daily Menu of Miners’ Families of Donbass in 1965 – 1985 ys
No full textУ статті розглядається повсякденне харчування шахтарських родин Донбасу у 1965 – 1985 роках. Автор
акцентує увагу на особливих традиціях організації харчування у шахтарських родинах порівняно з іншими
типами сімей. Дослідження базується на неопублікованих архівних документах, статистичних даних та
матеріалах усної історії.В статье рассматривается повседневное питание шахтерских семей Донбасса в 1965 – 1985 годах. Автор
акцентирует внимание на особенных традициях организации питания в шахтерских семьях по сравнению
с другими типами семей. Исследование базируется на неопубликованных архивных документах, статисти-
ческих данных и материалах устной истории.Questions of a food and consumption of foodstuffs are studied insufficiently carefully in modern historical
science. But it’s one of the basic indicators of standard of well-being of the population. The author describes and
characterizes the most popular and favorite dishes in miners’ families, and the traditions of behaviour at the
table. In addition, the special attention is received to dependence of food from the standard of financial support
of miners’ families, and also from specificity of a miner’s trade. The author also focuses attention on special
traditions of meals in miners’ families as compared with other types of families, and notices negative tendencies
in a daily food, such as regular use of alcoholic beverages. The research is based on the unpublished archive
documents, the statistical data and materials of verbal history. The article is a part of more wider research
devoted to daily life of miners’ families of Donbass in 1965 – 1985 ys
The fatigue life estimation of notched specimens under random loading
No full textThe LY12-cz aluminium alloy sheet specimens with a central hole were tested under constant amplitude loading, Rayleigh narrow band random loading and a typical fighter broad band random loading. The fatigue life was estimated by means of the nominal stress and the Miner's rule. The stress cycles were distinguished by the rainflow count, range count and peak value count, respectively. The comparison between the estimated results and the test results was made. The effects of random loading sequence and small load cycles on fatigue life were also studied
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