1,720,979 research outputs found
Validity and reliability of tst and T-SPOT examination to detect latent tb infection in HIV infected patients
No full textTherapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) as an effective supportive therapy for COVID-19 case with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and thrombophilia: A Case Report
Get PDFCoronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread and caused a high number of mortalities. To this day, effective therapy to cure this virus is yet to be found. A number of treatments were tested; however, the result is not satisfactory. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is one of the supportive therapies applied to treat COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe symptoms. We reported 41 years old male patient diagnosed with severe COVID-19 infection, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and thrombophilia. The patient received a therapy following the Ministry of Health’s guideline for COVID-19 handling. On the third day, respiratory failure occurred with a P/F ratio of 255 and the chest X-ray result showed vascular streak and ground-glass opacity; thus, the hospital decided to perform TPE. The TPE was performed twice in 5 days interval. After TPE was administered, clinical development is observed both subjectively in the form of reduced symptoms, normal respiration rate, and objectively, the improvement in blood gas analysis, increased O2 saturation, and a decrease in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) level significant clinical laboratory and radiological improvement possibly due to cytokine storm which is remedied by TPE action
Modal Sosial Kader Kesehatan dan Kepemimpinan Tokoh Masyarakat Dalam Penemuan Penderita Tuberkulosis
Get PDFTuberkulosis (TB) merupakan kedaruratan global bagi kemanusiaan. WHO menggulirkan Strategi DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short-course) dan Strategi Stop TB Partnership bertujuan untuk menjangkau semua penderita TB. Kedua strategi tersebut belum mampu mencapai target CDR (Case Detection Rate) secara konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh dan peran modal sosial kader kesehatan dan kepemimpinan tokoh masyarakat dalam penemuan TB paru BTA positif (CDR). Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dan studi kasus. Sasaran penelitian adalah Tim Penanggulangan TB di Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten, serta kader kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat, penderita TB, dan mantan penderita TB di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian survei dengan analisis jalur menunjukkan, besaran pengaruh langsung modal sosial kader kesehatan terhadap CDR adalah 8,64%; pengaruh langsung kepemimpinan tokoh masyarakat terhadap CDR adalah 33%; dan pengaruh modal sosial kader kesehatan dan kepemimpinan tokoh masyarakat secara simultan terhadap CDR adalah 27,7%. Hasil penelitian studi kasus menyimpulkan, peran modal sosial kader kesehatan dalam CDR terdiri dari dimensi kognitif, relasional dan struktural. Dimensi kognitif meliputi kepedulian, saling percaya dan rasa memiliki antar anggota keluarga, warga masyarakat, serta kader dan petugas kesehatan. Dimensi relasional meliputi kerjasama dan komunikasi yang dilandasi nilai-nilai bersama. Dimensi struktural meliputi jaringan sosial, perkumpulan dan persatuan masyarakat. Peran kepemimpinan tokoh masyarakat dalam CDR adalah memberikan motivasi, tempat bertanya dan konsultasi, mengadakan pertemuan rutin, serta mengelola kegiatan dan menggalang donasi.Tuberculosis (TB) is a global emergency for humanity. WHO launches DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course) and Stop TB Partnership strategies aiming to reach all people with TB. Both strategies have not been able to reach the target of CDR (case detection rate) consistently. This research aimed to analyze the effect and the role of health cadres’ social capital and community figures’ leadership in finding the people with positive-BTA pulmonary tuberculosis (CDR). The methods employed were survey and case study. The target of research was TB management team in Puskesmas (Public Health Centre) and Regency Health Service, and health cadres, community figures, people with TB, and people with TB previously in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. The result of research with path analysis showed that the size of direct effect of health cadres’ social capital on CDR was 8.64%; that of community figures’ leadership on CDR was 33%; and that of health cadres’ social capital and community figures’ leadership simultaneously on CDR was 27.7%. The result of case study research concluded that the role of health cadres’ social capital in CDR consisted of cognitive, relational and structural dimensions. Cognitive dimension included care, mutual trust, and sense of belonging among the members of family, members of society, and health cadres and workers. Relational dimension included cooperation and communication based on commonness value. Structural dimension included social network, community association and unity. The role of community figures’ leadership in CDR was that it provided motivation, served as the one to which any one asking question and consulting, conducted routine meeting, and managed activity and raised donation
Modal Sosial dan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Penemuan Penderita Tuberkulosis
Get PDFTuberkulosis merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di tingkat global, regional, nasional, maupun lokal. World Health Organization menggulirkan strategi directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) dan strategi stop tuberculosis partnership bertujuan untuk menjangkau semua penderita tuberkulosis. Kedua strategi tersebut masih belum mampu mencapai target case detection rate (CDR) secara konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model modal sosial dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam crude death rate. Sasaran penelitian adalah petugas tuberkulosis dan kader di 30 desa di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian survei menunjukkan, desa dengan modal sosial yang tinggi mempunyai kemungkinan untuk melampaui target CDR ≥ 70%, 9 kali lebih besar daripada desa dengan modal sosial rendah. Desa dengan partisipasi masyarakat tinggi mempunyai kemungkinan 7,5 kali lebih besar daripada desa dengan partisipasi masyarakat rendah. Hasil penelitian studi kasus menunjukkan, faktor-faktor modal sosial yang berhubungan dengan CDR terdiri dari dimensi kognitif meliputi kepercayaan dan merasa mempunyai program tuberkulosis. Dimensi relasional meliputi norma sosial, penanaman jasa pribadi, kerja sama, dan komunikasi. Dimensi struktural meliputi jejaring dan persatuan. Faktor-faktor partisipasi yang berhubungan dengan CDR meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan, menggerakan sumber daya program, dan kepemimpinan.Tuberculosis is an important public health problem of global, regional, national, and local levels. World health organization launched directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) and stop tuberculosis partnership strategies aiming to reach all tuberculosis patients. Both strategies have not been able to reach the case detection rate (CDR) target consistently. This research aimed to formulate a social capital and participation model in crude death rate. The target of research was the officers of tuberculosis programs and cadres in 30 villages in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The method used in this research was survey and case study. The result of survey research showed that the village with high social capital had 9 times probability of surpassing CDR target ≥ 70% than the one with low social capital and 7.5 times higher than the one with low public participation. The result of case study showed that the social capital factors relating to CDR consisted of cognitive dimension encompassing trust and sense of belonging to tuberculosis program. Relational dimension encompassed social norm, personal service implantation, cooperation, and communication. Structural dimension involved public network and association. The factors of participation relating to CDR included need identification, activating the program resource, and leadership
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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