1,721,001 research outputs found
Institutional entrepreneurship:a literature review and analysis of the maturing consulting field
Get PDFWith few exceptions (e.g. Fincham & Clark, 2002; Lounsbury, 2002, 2007; Montgomery & Oliver, 2007), we know little about how emerging professions, such as management consulting, professionalize and establish their services as a taken-for-granted element of social life. This is surprising given that professionals have long been recognized as “institutional agents” (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983; Scott, 2008) (see Chapter 17) and professionalization projects have been closely associated with institutionalization (DiMaggio, 1991). Therefore, in this chapter we take a closer look at a specific type of entrepreneurship in PSFs; drawing on the concept of “institutional entrepreneurship” (DiMaggio, 1988; Garud, Hardy, & Maguire, 2007; Hardy & Maguire, 2008) we describe some generic strategies by which proto-professions can enhance their “institutional capital” (Oliver, 1997), that is, their capacity to extract institutionally contingent resources such as legitimacy, reputation, or client relationships from their environment
Changing career models and capacity for innovation in professional services
Get PDFA number of professional sectors have recently moved away from their longstanding career model of up-or-out promotion and embraced innovative alternatives. Professional labor is a critical resource in professional service firms. Therefore, changes to these internal labor markets are likely to trigger other innovations, for example in knowledge management, incentive schemes and team composition. In this chapter we look at how new career models affect the core organizing model of professional firms and, in turn, their capacity for and processes of innovation. We consider how professional firms link the development of human capital and the division of professional labor to distinctive demands for innovation and how novel career systems help them respond to these demands
The Emergence and Dynamics of Venture Capital in Germany: An Organizational Field based Explanation
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Navigating endgames : conceptualization, strategies and successful turnarounds
No full textAbstract: The pace of technological change and digital transformation is accelerating, leading to the emergence of new industries as others decline. Responding to this phenomenon, this PhD thesis explores the challenges of industry decline, endgames and organizational turnarounds. I draw on a rich theoretical foundation and empirical evidence to identify the strategies firms can follow to navigate these challenges. This PhD thesis is structured around three studies researching the social construction of endgames, how strategy is adapted within an endgame and how firms can achieve successful turnarounds. In the first study, I use a fictional institutionalist perspective to show how endgames are socially constructed, shedding light on the dynamic interplay of industry actors\u2019 fictional expectations and the subsequent strategies they chose as an endgame diffuses through an industry. The second study investigates the patterns of strategic change in endgames and introduces a dialectical model that conceptualize the dynamics of organizational responses to industry decline. The last study focuses on organizational turnarounds as organizations initiate turnaround efforts to recover from prolonged decline in an endgame. This study uses a qualitative meta-analysis of turnaround cases to identify the underlying mechanisms and temporal sequences of successful recovery efforts. The four distinct process archetypes that this study identifies contributes both theoretical insights for researchers and practical insights for managers navigating turnaround scenarios. Together, these three studies provide a detailed understanding of endgames, from how endgames are conceptualized to which organizational strategies firms follow in endgames to the archetypes of organizational turnarounds that firms use to recover from prolonged decline during an endgame. Overall, this thesis contributes theoretically and practically to the fields of strategic management and organizational studies. I provide a nuanced understanding of how organizations can navigate the tumultuous waters of decline, adapt to changing industry landscapes and orchestrate successful turnarounds in the face of adversity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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