178 research outputs found
The Workplace of the Future : The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Precariat and the Death of Hierarchies /
No full textThe Fourth Industrial Revolution is a global development that shows no signs of slowing down. In his book, The Workplace of the Future: The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Precariat and the Death of Hierarchies, Jon-Arild Johannessen sets a chilling vision of how robots and artificial intelligence will completely disrupt and transform working life. The author contests that once the dust has settled from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, workplaces and professions will be unrecognizable and we will see the rise of a new social class: the precariat. We will live side by side with the 'working poor' – people who have several jobs, but still can’t make ends meet. There will be a small salaried elite consisting of innovation and knowledge workers. Slightly further into the future, there will be a major transformation in professional environments. Johannessen also presents a typology for the precariat, the uncertain work that is created and develops a framework for the working poor, as well as for future innovation and knowledge workers, and sets out a new structure for the social hierarchy.A fascinating and thought-provoking insight into the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, The Workplace of the Future will be of interest to professionals and academics alike. The book is particularly suited to academic courses in management, economy, political science and social sciences.Includes bibliographical references and index.The Fourth Industrial Revolution is a global development that shows no signs of slowing down. In his book, The Workplace of the Future: The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Precariat and the Death of Hierarchies, Jon-Arild Johannessen sets a chilling vision of how robots and artificial intelligence will completely disrupt and transform working life. The author contests that once the dust has settled from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, workplaces and professions will be unrecognizable and we will see the rise of a new social class: the precariat. We will live side by side with the 'working poor' – people who have several jobs, but still can’t make ends meet. There will be a small salaried elite consisting of innovation and knowledge workers. Slightly further into the future, there will be a major transformation in professional environments. Johannessen also presents a typology for the precariat, the uncertain work that is created and develops a framework for the working poor, as well as for future innovation and knowledge workers, and sets out a new structure for the social hierarchy.A fascinating and thought-provoking insight into the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, The Workplace of the Future will be of interest to professionals and academics alike. The book is particularly suited to academic courses in management, economy, political science and social sciences
Measuring Heterogeneity in the Returns to Education in Norway Using Educational Reforms
No full textThe decision to take more education is complex, and is influenced by individual ability, financial constraints, family background, preferences, etc. Such factors, normally unobserved by the researcher, introduce endogeneity and heterogeneity problems into estimating the returns to education. In this paper, these problems are addressed by estimating a comparative advantage model for schooling, in which the returns to education vary at different levels of education. The model requires that instruments must be specified at each level of education, and we suggest that different school reforms in Norway can serve as suitable instruments. In particular, we exploit the staged implementation of a major reform in the comprehensive school system in the 1960s. We find that the returns to education are strongly nonlinear. In particular, we find that the returns to upper secondary school and shorter programs at regional colleges, together with master’s programs at universities, have high returns as measured by wages. Also, we find that the average treatment effect is surprisingly high for medium-length educations (up to two years of college education). This means that increasing the general level of education, which was the intention of the comprehensive school reform of the 1960s and of other school reforms, has the potential to generate a high return in wages, although we do not consider the cost to society. We also find that there is a substantial difference between the average treatment effect and the effect of treatment on the treated for bachelor’s and master’s degrees at universities.Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions; Social Interaction Models (Updated); Analysis of Education
The Workplace of the Future
No full textThe Fourth Industrial Revolution is a global development that shows no signs of slowing down. In his book, The Workplace of the Future: The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Precariat and the Death of Hierarchies, Jon-Arild Johannessen sets a chilling vision of how robots and artificial intelligence will completely disrupt and transform working life.
The author contests that once the dust has settled from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, workplaces and professions will be unrecognizable and we will see the rise of a new social class: the precariat. We will live side by side with the 'working poor' – people who have several jobs, but still can’t make ends meet. There will be a small salaried elite consisting of innovation and knowledge workers. Slightly further into the future, there will be a major transformation in professional environments. Johannessen also presents a typology for the precariat, the uncertain work that is created and develops a framework for the working poor, as well as for future innovation and knowledge workers, and sets out a new structure for the social hierarchy.
A fascinating and thought-provoking insight into the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, The Workplace of the Future will be of interest to professionals and academics alike. The book is particularly suited to academic courses in management, economy, political science and social sciences
The Workplace of the Future
No full textThe Fourth Industrial Revolution is a global development that shows no signs of slowing down. In his book, The Workplace of the Future: The Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Precariat and the Death of Hierarchies, Jon-Arild Johannessen sets a chilling vision of how robots and artificial intelligence will completely disrupt and transform working life.
The author contests that once the dust has settled from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, workplaces and professions will be unrecognizable and we will see the rise of a new social class: the precariat. We will live side by side with the 'working poor' – people who have several jobs, but still can’t make ends meet. There will be a small salaried elite consisting of innovation and knowledge workers. Slightly further into the future, there will be a major transformation in professional environments. Johannessen also presents a typology for the precariat, the uncertain work that is created and develops a framework for the working poor, as well as for future innovation and knowledge workers, and sets out a new structure for the social hierarchy.
A fascinating and thought-provoking insight into the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, The Workplace of the Future will be of interest to professionals and academics alike. The book is particularly suited to academic courses in management, economy, political science and social sciences
Mallarmé’s presence
No full textDans sa thèse intitulée La présence de Mallarmé, Arild Michel Bakken interroge la présence de Mallarmé dans son œuvre. Contre l’idée dominante qui fait de Mallarmé le poète de l’absence, Bakken montre que la figure du poète est très présente dans le texte, et que c’est en réalité cette figure qui assure la cohérence de l’œuvre. Utilisant une méthode rhétorique centrée sur l’expérience du lecteur, la thèse montre comment Mallarmé se met en scène. La figure de l’auteur est bien ancrée dans la société de son temps, comme Français, comme petit-bourgeois, comme mari et père. Cette figure apparaît clairement comme une figure de poète, mais aussi comme « homme de lettres » et comme journaliste. La thèse montre aussi que le lecteur peut suivre la vie intérieure de la figure comme voyant et comme penseur. Même dans les textes les plus impersonnels, l’auteur n’est pas absent, mais assume la posture de la mystérieuse « Figure que Nul n’est », qui représente l’essence de la subjectivité humaine. Par la mise en scène de sa figure dans l’œuvre, Mallarmé cherche à séduire le lecteur, à obtenir une « gloire », à conférer à son œuvre une valeur. La figure de l’auteur, son ethos, est aussi un moyen efficace pour transmettre les valeurs du poète, sa vision du monde. Mais la vision du monde qui apparaît chez Mallarmé est constamment minée par l’ironie du poète, qui est le trait le plus caractéristique de sa présence.In his doctoral thesis La présence de Mallarmé, Arild Michel Bakken investigates Mallarmé’s presence in his work. Against the common view of Mallarmé as the poet of absence, Bakken shows that the figure of the poet is very present in the text, and that this figure is in fact what gives the work its unity. Through a rhetorical method focused on the reader’s experience, Bakken shows how Mallarmé stages himself throughout the work. The figure of the author is anchored in the society of his time, as a Frenchman, as a petit-bourgeois, as a father and a husband. It is clearly a poet figure, but also an “homme de lettres” and a journalist. The thesis also shows that the reader can follow the inner life of the figure, as a seer and as a thinker. Even in the most impersonal texts, the author is not absent, but adopts the posture of the mysterious “Figure that No One is”, representing the essence of human subjectivity. Through the staging of his figure in the work, Mallarmé seeks to seduce the reader, to obtain “glory”, to give his work value. It is also an effective instrument for transmitting the poet’s values, his world view. But the world view which appears in Mallarmé’s work is constantly undermined by the poet’s irony, which is the most characteristic feature of his presence
La présence de Mallarmé
No full textIn his doctoral thesis La présence de Mallarmé, Arild Michel Bakken investigates Mallarmé’s presence in his work. Against the common view of Mallarmé as the poet of absence, Bakken shows that the figure of the poet is very present in the text, and that this figure is in fact what gives the work its unity. Through a rhetorical method focused on the reader’s experience, Bakken shows how Mallarmé stages himself throughout the work. The figure of the author is anchored in the society of his time, as a Frenchman, as a petit-bourgeois, as a father and a husband. It is clearly a poet figure, but also an “homme de lettres” and a journalist. The thesis also shows that the reader can follow the inner life of the figure, as a seer and as a thinker. Even in the most impersonal texts, the author is not absent, but adopts the posture of the mysterious “Figure that No One is”, representing the essence of human subjectivity. Through the staging of his figure in the work, Mallarmé seeks to seduce the reader, to obtain “glory”, to give his work value. It is also an effective instrument for transmitting the poet’s values, his world view. But the world view which appears in Mallarmé’s work is constantly undermined by the poet’s irony, which is the most characteristic feature of his presence.Dans sa thèse intitulée La présence de Mallarmé, Arild Michel Bakken interroge la présence de Mallarmé dans son œuvre. Contre l’idée dominante qui fait de Mallarmé le poète de l’absence, Bakken montre que la figure du poète est très présente dans le texte, et que c’est en réalité cette figure qui assure la cohérence de l’œuvre. Utilisant une méthode rhétorique centrée sur l’expérience du lecteur, la thèse montre comment Mallarmé se met en scène. La figure de l’auteur est bien ancrée dans la société de son temps, comme Français, comme petit-bourgeois, comme mari et père. Cette figure apparaît clairement comme une figure de poète, mais aussi comme « homme de lettres » et comme journaliste. La thèse montre aussi que le lecteur peut suivre la vie intérieure de la figure comme voyant et comme penseur. Même dans les textes les plus impersonnels, l’auteur n’est pas absent, mais assume la posture de la mystérieuse « Figure que Nul n’est », qui représente l’essence de la subjectivité humaine. Par la mise en scène de sa figure dans l’œuvre, Mallarmé cherche à séduire le lecteur, à obtenir une « gloire », à conférer à son œuvre une valeur. La figure de l’auteur, son ethos, est aussi un moyen efficace pour transmettre les valeurs du poète, sa vision du monde. Mais la vision du monde qui apparaît chez Mallarmé est constamment minée par l’ironie du poète, qui est le trait le plus caractéristique de sa présence
Fleksibelt inflasjonsmålsregime og pengepolitiske utfordringer i Norge : 2001 – 2005
No full textDenne utredningen omhandler pengepolitikk med særlig vekt på innføringen av fleksibelt inflasjonsmål i Norge i tiden etter våren 2001. Først prøver jeg å etablere en forståelse for hva pengepolitikk er. Deretter gir jeg en kort innføring i pengepolitiske mål og knytter dette til ulike pengepolitiske regimer.
Siden utredningens hovedvekt knytter seg til pengepolitikk under et fleksibelt inflasjonsmålsregime, har jeg videre fokusert på en enkel modell for hvordan pengepolitikken bør innrettes dersom sentralbanken styrer etter et eksplisitt inflasjonsmål. Modellen er hentet fra en artikkel av Røisland og Sveen (2004) fra Norges Bank.
Deretter prøver jeg gjennom pengepolitisk teori og modellen for pengepolitikk under et inflasjonsmål å vise at overgangen til et fleksibelt inflasjonsmål var riktig, men også at et slikt regime ikke gir et fasitsvar for hvordan pengepolitikken bør utformes. Jeg ser også på den konjunkturmessige utviklingen i Norge de siste fem årene og gir en gjennomgang av noen av valgene Norges Bank har gjort denne perioden.
Det meste av teorien til denne utredningen er hentet fra fagene Konjunkturanalyse, Internasjonal Makroøkonomi og Pengemarkeder og Bankvesen på siviløkonomstudiets 3. avdeling. Det er også diss fagene som i stor grad har inspirert meg til å skrive en utredning om pengepolitikk
Husby, Reed & Visser - Demonstrating temperature induced phenological mismatch does not require negative effects on fitness or population growth: A comment on Samplonius et al.
No full textIn a recent article Samplonius et al. (2020; preprint on EcoEvoRxiv, Version 1, Submitted 05, 2020 | Last edited: May 06, 2020) argue that there are “systematic weaknesses in the evidence for temperature mediated phenological mismatch”. While we appreciate their review of the literature on this topic and their call for a broadening of the taxonomic and geographic scope of mismatch research, their conclusion that there is weak evidence for temperature mediated mismatches is, in our opinion, misleading
Renewable Energy Federalism in Russia : Regions as New Actors for the Promotion of Clean Energy
No full textThis article has benefited from considerable input in the context of the author’s involvement as legal adviser to the IFC Russia Renewable Energy Programme. It is based on a presentation to the research seminar on New Actors in the Russian Energy Sector organised by the Russian and Caspian Energy Developments (Russcasp) and Aleksanteri CoE groups in Oslo on 12–13 December 2012. The author is grateful to Margarita Balmaceda and Arild Moe for the invitation to participate in the workshop. Many thanks to Katharina Merkel and Neale Tosh for outstanding research assistance and to Arild Moe, Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, Patrick Willems, Anna Vishniakova, Anton Chernyshev and Alexey Zhikharev for their comments on an earlier draft of this article. This article represents the views of the author only, not necessarily of the organisations to which the author is associated.Peer reviewe
Sustainability innovations: The role of sustainability innovations in solving the sustainability challenges and increasing firm competitiveness
No full textEnglish summary
This dissertation seeks to explore how the implementation of sustainability innovations in firms can help us overcome the sustainability challenges and simultaneously increase firm competitiveness. This kind of research is important as the sustainability challenges are many, and firms are increasingly being pressured to help solving the environmental and social issues we are facing. In addition, businesses are faced with increased competition and must continuously improve in order to survive. Hence, the overall research question of this thesis is:
How can businesses contribute to solving the sustainability challenges and simultaneously maintain their competitiveness?
In order to answer this research question, four papers are developed. Paper 1 is a literature review of 100 peer-reviewed empirical articles, where the relationship between sustainability innovations and competitiveness is studied. Paper 2 is a quantitative study of Norwegian manufacturing firms that investigates how sustainability strategies affect the implementation of environmental and social innovation, and environmental and social innovations’ effect on perceived and objective firm performance. Paper 3 is also a quantitative study of Norwegian manufacturing firms that explores how the external shock of COVID-19 affects the implementation of environmental innovations. Paper 4 is a qualitative case-study of Norwegian oil and gas firms that investigates the role of dynamic capabilities in developing sustainability innovations and going into new markets like the renewable energy sector.
The papers find high empirical evidence in that sustainability innovations lead to increased competitiveness through increased value creation and non-financial assets, reduced cost and/or reduced risk. Thus, the findings contribute to the ongoing debate on sustainability implementation in firms, and show that firms can both contribute to solving the sustainability challenges, while simultaneously increase their competitiveness. However, the relationship is not necessarily straightforward as there are many factors that can influence the relationship related to national-, market-, industry- and firm factors. Overall, the findings contribute with important contributions to both to theory, practitioners and policy.Norsk sammendrag
Formålet med denne avhandlingen er å undersøke hvordan implementering av bærekraftsinnovasjoner i bedrifter kan hjelpe oss med å løse bærekraftsutfordringene og samtidig øke bedriftens konkurranseevne. Denne typen forskning er viktig ettersom bærekraftsutfordringene er mange, og bedrifter i økende grad blir presset til å bidra til å løse de miljømessige og sosiale problemene vi står overfor. I tillegg opplever bedrifter økt konkurranse og må kontinuerlig forbedre seg for å overleve. Det overordnede forskningsspørsmålet i denne avhandlingen er derfor:
Hvordan kan virksomheter bidra til å løse bærekraftsutfordringene og samtidig opprettholde sin konkurransekraft?
For å svare på dette forskningsspørsmålet utvikles det fire artikler. Artikkel 1 er en litteraturgjennomgang av 100 fagfellevurderte empiriske artikler, der forholdet mellom bærekraftsinnovasjoner og konkurranseevne undersøkes. Artikkel 2 er en kvantitativ studie av norske industribedrifter som undersøker hvordan bærekraftsstrategier påvirker implementeringen av miljø- og sosial innovasjon, og miljø- og sosiale innovasjoners effekt på opplevd og objektiv konkurransekraft. Artikkel 3 er også en kvantitativ studie av norske industribedrifter som utforsker hvordan det eksterne sjokket av COVID-19 påvirker implementeringen av miljøinnovasjoner. Artikkel 4 er en kvalitativ case-studie av norske olje- og gassbedrifter som undersøker rollen til dynamiske kapabiliteter for å utvikle bærekraftsinnovasjoner og gå inn i nye markeder som den fornybar energisektoren.
Artiklene finner sterke empiriske bevis på at bærekraftsinnovasjoner fører til økt konkurranseevne gjennom økt verdiskaping og ikke-finansielle eiendeler, reduserte kostnader og/eller redusert risiko. Dermed bidrar funnene til den pågående debatten om bærekraftsimplementering i bedrifter, og viser at bedrifter både kan bidra til å løse bærekraftsutfordringene, samtidig som de øker sin konkurranseevne. Det er imidlertid mange faktorer som kompliserer dette forholdet knyttet til nasjonale-, markeds-, industri- og bedriftsfaktorer. Samlet sett bidrar funnene med viktige bidrag til både teori, praktikere og politikk
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