7,058 research outputs found
Bivalencia, antinomías y contradicciones. Un ensayo sobre Truth Logics de G.H. von Wright
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The Dogma of the Unity of Practical Reasoning on Moral Grounds
No full textThis chapter offers a critical evaluation of a prevailing position in legal theory that analyses legal norms as a kind of reason for action. This view rests, among other things, on a unitary conception of practical reasoning that locates the fundamental source of the justificatory power of any kind of justifying reason in morality. It also presupposes a particular conception of morality itself. In the first part of the chapter, I apply Bernard Williams’s perspective to criticise the conception of morality adopted by this position, as well as its corresponding account of reasons and rational justification. On this basis, I challenge the equation between what is justified and what one morally ought to do.
In the second part of the chapter, I return to the debate on the conditions under which law can justify decisions. In this context, I clarify in what sense the connection between law and morality may be relevant for the justification of actions, and in what sense it is completely irrelevant. In particular, with regard to cases of conflict between legal reasons, I emphasise that it is also possible to reject the widely accepted notion that one must always act for an undefeated reason. I argue that, according to an adequate account of reasons in cases of conflict, one may be justified in acting on reasons that are, strictly speaking, defeated. Drawing on Williams’s reflections on morality and reasons, I conclude that law can constitute a distinct set of reasons that are not necessarily subordinate to morality
El escepticismo en la interpretacion del derecho
No full textEl objetivo de este trabajo es discutir sobre las distintas teorías de la interpretación y, más
específicamente, presentar una crítica a la así llamada “teoría escéptica de la interpretación”, que en el presente capítulo presentaré a través de un conjunto de tesis propuestas por Riccardo Guastini. Los argumentos que porpondré para evaluar las tesis escépticas se apoyan fuertemente en consideraciones provenientes del ámbito de la filosofía moral y, concretamente, se basan en un paralelismo entre las distintas formas en que es posible entender una “teoría” moral y una “teoría” sobre la interpretación
Estado de derecho y decisiones judiciales
No full textEn este libro publico y se discuten dos trabajos de mi autoría. En primer lugar, "Sobre principios y Estado de Derecho", comentado por José María Sauca. En segundo lugar, "Sobre la justificación de la decisión judicial", comentado por Perfecto Andrés Ibáñez. En el primer trabajo, presento distintas concepciones del Estado de Derecho, para concentrarme en el análisis de aquella que lo interpreta como un ideal sustantivo, que impone límites a los actos de la autoridad jurídica. Al respecto, subrayo tres específicas tesis con las que está comprometido todo aquel que asuma este ideal sustantivo. Paralelamente, pongo en evidencia, y critico, tres específicos modos de frustrar el ideal de control de los actos de la autoridad, implícito en esta concepción del Estado de Derecho. En el segundo trabajo analizo el status de la justificación externa de la premisa normativa de la sentencia judicial y exploro las consecuencias que se siguen al asumir un modelo cognoscitivista del proceso judicial. En tal sentido, sostengo que al responder a la quaestio juris, tal como sucede respecto de la quaestio facti, existe siempre un riesgo de error por parte del juez. Consecuentemente, en ambos tipos de casos es imprescindible que el juez ofrezca una justificación epistémica de su decisión
O curso de licenciatura em educação física da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina: suas concepções de ensino e de educação física
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Centro de Educação Fisica e Desporto
Combinatorial classification of piecewise hereditary algebras
No full textWe use the characteristic polynomial of the Coxeter matrix of an algebra to complete the combinatorial classification of piecewise hereditary algebras which Happel gave in terms of the trace of the Coxeter matrix. We also give a cohomological interpretation of the coefficients (other than the trace) of the characteristic polynomial of the Coxeter matrix of any finite dimensional algebra with finite global dimension.Fil: Lanzilotta, Marcelo. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Redondo, Maria Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Taillefer, Rachel. Université de Saint-Etienne. Faculté des Sciences; Franci
Comparison morphisms between two projective resolutions of monomial algebras
No full textWe construct comparison morphisms between two well-known projective resolutions of a monomial algebra A : the bar resolution Bar A and Bardzell’s resolution Ap A ; the first one is used to define the cup product and the Lie bracket on the Hochschild cohomology HH ∗ ( A ) and the second one has been shown to be an efficient tool for computation of these cohomology groups. The constructed comparison morphisms allow us to show that the cup product restricted to even degrees of the Hochschild cohomology has a very simple description. Moreover, for A = k Q/I a monomial algebra such that dim k e i Ae j = 1 whenever there exists an arrow α : i → j ∈ Q 1 , we describe the Lie action of the Lie algebra HH 1 ( A ) on HH ∗ ( A ).Fil: Redondo, Maria Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Matemática. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Roman, Lucrecia Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Matemática. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca; Argentin
Control and optimization strategies for noise transmission reduction in sonic crystal acoustic barriers
No full textAcoustic metamaterials, such as Sonic Crystals (SC), are periodic artificial structures designed to manipulate sound waves in ways that natural materials cannot. These materials consist of arranged lattices of rigid scatterers embedded in air and exhibit unique properties, such as negative refraction and Band Gaps (BG), which can be leveraged to create highly effective noise control solutions. These Band Gaps prevent transmission of certain frequency ranges depending on the angle of incidence the sound waves relative to the crystal, making them ideal for applications in noise barriers and other acoustic devices.
This research investigates the potential of these advanced materials to enhance the performance of noise reduction devices through innovative design and optimization strategies aimed at minimizing unwanted sound, thereby improving the acoustic environment in various settings. Specifically, among noise reduction devices such as barriers, absorbers, and diffusers, this thesis focuses on Sonic Crystal Noise Barriers (SCNB).
The design and optimization of these devices require a deep understanding of acoustic principles and the ability to predict how sound interacts with different materials and structures. This is achieved through the use of simulations that forecast the behavior and performance of these devices, thus saving time and resources by avoiding the need to manufacture and experimentally test multiple prototypes before arriving at the optimal solution for each specific case.
In line with this, the thesis explores the potential of Active Noise Control (ANC) systems enhanced with Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques as a complement to improve SCNBs. By integrating reinforcement learning, the study aims to develop ANC systems that continuously learn and adapt to changing environmental conditions, providing a dynamic and adaptive approach to noise control, particularly at low frequencies, where active control is most effective, and where SCNBs tend to be less efficient.
In addition to ANC, Helmholtz Resonators (HR) are incorporated to improve these barriers. By combining numerical methods and optimization algorithms, not only is the performance of SCNBs found in the literature improved, but a deeper understanding of the physical principles governing them and their interaction with HR is also achieved. 3D printing technology, used in architectural engineering, combined with parametric modeling, greatly increases the versatility in the creation of prototypes resulting from optimizations with HRs.
This thesis also addresses the insulation capabilities of SCNBs made from cylindrical scatterers with multiple Helmholtz resonators, proposing a design that incorporates two Helmholtz resonators per scatterer. This design shows a significant increase in Insertion Loss (IL) compared to conventional barriers. Additionally,examining the interaction between the BGs of HRs and Bragg-BGs, this thesis proposes new transmission applications for multiresonant SCs beyond noise barriers. The ability to control transmission through an active metamaterial by rotating the scatterers provides an advantage over conventional passive metamaterials.
Furthermore, the thesis explores, both numerically and experimentally, wave incidence measurements to further refine noise control strategies. Prototypes designed to mitigate tonal noise, such as that produced by train braking, are experimentally tested under both normal incidence and diffuse incidence of sound waves on the SCNB.
In summary, this doctoral thesis provides a comprehensive exploration of SCNBs, from design and optimization to practical applications. It delves into the phenomenology of the interactions between these periodic materials, ANC, HRs, and 3D printing. By integrating advanced optimization techniques and reinforcement learning, the study aims to improve current noise control solutions
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