807 research outputs found
Algorithms and Interaction Potentials: phase density, surface tension and carbon dioxide
No full textThis thesis is an amalgamation of articles (Papers I–V) by the author.
We present a perturbation algorithm to calculate the phase density, and thus the
partition function including its temperature dependence. It works for Hamiltonians
that are not too dissimilar, for which an extra degree of freedom interpolating
between the two is defined so that microcanonical sampling allows the calculation of
the ratio between the phase densities at any energy. The method is illustrated on a
number of problems of different dimensionalities. In Paper I, we consider an
anharmonic Einstein crystal, the square-well tetradecamer, and liquid gold. In
addition, we consider the one-dimensional rotor and the low-dimensional ideal gas in
a homogeneous external field, two Hamiltonians that display a phase transition at
well-defined critical energies.
We consider the interaction of linear molecules and discuss two coarse-grained
pair potentials for their description. In Paper III, one of these potentials has been
parametrized for the vapor-liquid envelope of carbon dioxide using two
adjustablesobtaining good agreement, but for a detailed description of the carbon
dioxide dimer and trimer structures, such coarse-graining fails. As reported in Paper
IV, conventional all-atom force field descriptions also fail in describing the
experimental second and third virial coefficients but an all-atom description with
coarse-grained, single-site anisotropic three-body dispersion and single-site
electrostatic induction manages to reproduce them. In addition, we note that this
simple anisotropic three-body dispersion correction is essential for predicting the
correct relative stability of the experimental trimer conformations when combined
with a literature parametrization of the dimer ab initio potential energy surface.
We present a simple method for calculating the surface tension with respect to
vacuum from cluster simulations, by relating the scalar pressure to the infinitesimal
isothermal pressure-volume work and equating it with the expression from classical
nucleation theory. We then discuss the effect of molecular polarization on the surface
tension using this method, as well as study its effect on the second and third virial
coefficients of the fluid of polarizable Stockmayer molecules. The surface tension
increases with polarizability, but so does its rate of decrease with temperature. The
Tolman length is found positive and largely insensitive to temperature but increases
non-linearly with increasing molecular polarizability.
We discuss the semi-empirical calculation of the crystal-water surface tension of
the pharmaceutical bicalutamide as reported in Paper V and provide a slight
modification of the procedure
Bibliometric author evaluation through linear regression on the coauthor network
No full textThe rising trend of coauthored academic works obscures the credit assignment that is the basis for decisions of funding and career advancements. In this paper, a simple model based on the assumption of an unvarying “author ability” is introduced. With this assumption, the weight of author contributions to a body of coauthored work can be statistically estimated. The method is tested on a set of some more than five-hundred authors in a coauthor network from the CiteSeerX database. The ranking obtained agrees fairly well with that given by total fractional citation counts for an author, but noticeable differences exist
Impersonal Style and the Form of Experience in W. G. Sebald's The Rings of Saturn
No full textThis article argues that W. G. Sebald’s prose fiction reverses the traditional positioning of the witness as a point of singularity, and that it instead theorizes a relationship to the act of witnessing that, while anchored in personal experience, is imbued at its core with impersonal form. Using The Rings of Saturn as my central example, I demonstrate that it is the tension between the immediacy of first-person experience and the characteristic distance of Sebald’s style that makes possible the narrator’s attunement to the “traces of destruction” that he encounters during his walk, and to which he bears witness both in and through his narrative. Sebald’s witnessing, then, is less a relation between past and present or witness and event than it is a critical orientation that produces the imperative to bear witness as a function of the very permeability of these categories.Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Ekström–Persson conjecture regarding random covering sets
No full textAbstract
We consider the Hausdorff dimension of random covering sets formed by balls with centres chosen independently at random according to an arbitrary Borel probability measure on ℝ𝑑 and radii given by a deterministic sequence tending to zero. We prove, for a certain parameter range, the conjecture by Ekström and Persson concerning the exact value of the dimension in the special case of radii (𝑛−𝛼)∞𝑛=1. For balls with an arbitrary sequence of radii, we find sharp bounds for the dimension and show that the natural extension of the Ekström–Persson conjecture is not true in this case. Finally, we construct examples demonstrating that there does not exist a dimension formula involving only the lower and upper local dimensions of the measure and a critical parameter determined by the sequence of radii.Abstract
We consider the Hausdorff dimension of random covering sets formed by balls with centres chosen independently at random according to an arbitrary Borel probability measure on ℝ𝑑 and radii given by a deterministic sequence tending to zero. We prove, for a certain parameter range, the conjecture by Ekström and Persson concerning the exact value of the dimension in the special case of radii (𝑛−𝛼)∞𝑛=1. For balls with an arbitrary sequence of radii, we find sharp bounds for the dimension and show that the natural extension of the Ekström–Persson conjecture is not true in this case. Finally, we construct examples demonstrating that there does not exist a dimension formula involving only the lower and upper local dimensions of the measure and a critical parameter determined by the sequence of radii
Fem och en halv komposition : Skriftlig reflektion inom självständigt, konstnärligt arbete
No full textIn this work I have explored different ways of communicating the notated music (even in a more abstract form) to the musicians. How can I develop the aesthetics I am aiming for by using specific techniques in notation. I have also investigated how to incorporate the strengths of each improviser and whether it is possible to use these strengths as a compositional factor The group consists of a group of seven musicians playing 9 different instruments in total: trumpet, trombone, mellophonium, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, clarinet, bass trombone, double bass and drums. During this project I wanted to make the most of composing and arranging for this particular constellation of instruments and the musicians who plays them. The music I have written is for the most part influenced by jazz but sometimes bordering to a more classical or orchestral approach. In this project, I have challenged myself as an instrumentalist and a composer by utilizing a low C-string on the double bass. And while it made some passages more technically difficult to execute on the instrument, it has pushed me forward as a composer in wanting to explore all the different sounds and timbres available. The project resulted in a recording session at Sunnanå Studio, Sweden.Repertoar samt mediedokumentation:1. Preludium (kompositör: Andreas Henningsson)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone2. Faktiskt (kompositör: Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Rasmus Nyvall-Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor3. Musikhandlaren (kompositör:Andreas HenningssonAndreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Klarinett, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor4. Gikt Fever (kompositör: Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor5. Humoresque pour les Chats (kompositör: Andreas Henningsson)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Mellofon, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Klarinett och Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor6. Interludium (kompositör: Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone7. Three Brothers (kompositör: Andreas Henningsson)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor8. Roll (kompositör: Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor9. Valse des Bois (kompositör: Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Tenorsaxofon, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor10. KB Moods (kompositör: Andreas Henningsson)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone, Björn Hängsel - Bastrombone, Erik Kimestad Pedersen - Trumpet, Jens Persson-Altsaxofon, Rasmus Nyvall-Klarinett, Kristoffer Rostedt-trummor11. Postludium (Kompositör: Andreas Henningsson och Petter Hängsel)Andreas Henningsson-Kontrabas, Petter Hängsel, Trombone</p
Swedish integration policy documents: a close dialogic reading
No full textSweden as the great welfare state where everybody is equally welcomed and cared for has for long been the prevailing view. Although Swedish integration policy seems to confirm this view, this is far removed from many people’s experienced reality. I argue that part of this disharmony lies in how West European languages contain and relate to an ‘identity’ construction, which perpetuates and is perpetuated through dichotomies that strengthen the social and political cogency of concepts such as ‘race’, ethnicity and culture. Based on this, I carry out a discourse analysis of Sweden’s major integration policy documents from the mid 1970s up to today.
After an eclectic reading of discourses on migration and integration terminology, ‘identity’ and language, I assert the centrality of ‘identity’ construction to everything we do. With this in mind, taking the dialogism promoted by the Bakhtinian Circle as the dichotomy to monologism, I carry out a close dialogic reading in the tradition of Lynn Pearce (1994) and Peter Stallybrass and Allon White (1986).
Contextualising the policy documents, I present the history of migration and integration from a Swedish perspective. Focusing on the last five decades, I divide the different historic tendencies into themes ranging from: emigration to labour migration, refugee migration and the European Union, and from immigrant policy to integration policy.
Believing that the conceptualisation and the handling of categorisation, segregation, culture, discrimination and racism are all central to a successful integration policy, I analyse the policy documents thematically accordingly. I show how the interdependence of the common ‘identity’ constructions and language sometimes obscures and frequently counteracts the intention of the author. As a result, I argue that the Bakhtinian Circle holds the key to a better understanding of the invincibility of stereotyping within racialised discourses, through applying absolute ‘identity’ constructions in monologic speech, and how this may be counteracted in order to strive for a dialogic approach to the world
Downgrade
No full textA downgrade (or downgrading, downgraded) has been used in slightly different ways throughout the CA and IL literature, but always with a general sense of scaling down or attenuating a turn or action, usually with respect to something prior. The point of comparison may either be others’ prior talk or one’s own talk, or some unmarked default turn design, against which different alternative formulations are measured
Turn allocation
No full textTurn allocation is one component of the turn-taking system, the other being the turn-constructional component (Sacks, et al. 1974). The turn-allocational component refers to the coordinated ways in which speakership is transferred among participants at transition-relevance places (TRPs)
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