123,498 research outputs found
Essays on applied exchange rate issues: some new evidence on the export led growth hypothesis, exchange rate exposure, and the exchange rate volatility-export nexus
No full textThe thesis comprises three essays, all of which are empirical studies of different issues on exchange rates. Implementing advanced econometrics methodologies with monthly time series data, these studies focus on macroeconomic determinants to measure the relationships within the variables. The first essay (Chapter Two) re-examines the robustness of the export-led growth hypothesis across the exchange rate regimes in Malaysia. According to the exchange rate regime history, Malaysia experienced three different exchange rate mechanisms from 1990 to 2010. Generally, the results vary across the time and regimes. Specifically, the study suggests bi-directional and/or unidirectional causality between exports and economic growth across the regimes, both in the short-run and long-run. The second essay (Chapter Three) tries to bridge the gap between the exchange rate issues by investigating the impact exchange rate exposure on sector level in Malaysia from October, 1992 to December, 2010. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the exchange rate exposure in Malaysia sectorial returns by using an augmented model. Overall, in all instances, the results suggest that the exchange rate exposures in Malaysia can be categorized as the long memory in the volatility process. After investigating currency exposure in two types of models, the results further suggest that the sectors are largely affected by the currency fluctuations. The third essay (Chapter Four) explores the channels and magnitude of exchange rate volatility-export nexus empirically on the export flow of five ASEAN countries namely, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia to the United States from January, 1990 to December, 2010. The major results show that increases in the volatility of the real bilateral exchange rate, exert significant effects upon export demand in the short run in each of the ASEAN countries. This study further suggests significant negative effects from the bilateral exchange rate volatility of exports flow in Singapore, Malaysia and Philippines. However, these findings do not apply to Indonesia and Thailand
Reproductive performance and lamb growth characteristics of ramli{dotless}ç sheep [Ramli{dotless}ç koyunlari{dotless}ni{dotless}n üreme performansi{dotless} ve kuzulari{dotless}n büyüme özellikleri]
Get PDFThis study was carried out to investigate some reproductive and lamb growth performance of Ramli{dotless}ç sheep in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 years. The effect of year was found significant on fecundity and litter size of the ewes. The average fecundity, litter size and lamb survival rate of Ramli{dotless}ç ewes were 0.79, 1.13 and, 94.9%, respectively. The birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) and six month live weight (SMLW) for male and female lambs were 4.63 kg and 4.20 kg, 30.92 and 26.94 kg, 37.40 and 33.21 kg, respectively. The effect of age of dam, year, birth type and sex were significant on BW, WW and ADWG of lambs. The average daily weight gain of lambs at weaning was 286.88 g and male and female lambs were 303.62 g and 270.13 g, respectively
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
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The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Matrix isolation studies of the photochemistry of some pi-hydrocarbon metal-carbonyl and metal-carbonyl-nitrosyl complexes
No full textPhotochemical studies have been carried out on some v-hydrocarbon transition metal carbonyl and mixed nitrosyl carbonyl complexes isolated infrozen gas matrices (CH 4,Ar,N2,CO,13CO doped CH4 and C2 H4 doped CH4) at cryogenic temperatures (ca. 12 K). Photochemically generated species have been characterised via their infrared active CO and NO stretching bands, isotopic (13 CO, C180 and N180) labelling, and CO-factored force-field fitting. Consequently, intermediates arising from a variety of photochemical pathways have been established. Photochemical reactions of matrix isolated [Fe(n4-polyene)(CO)3](polyene=C4H4, C 4 H 4 CO, C7H10 and CaH8), [V(n5-C5H5)(CO)4], [V(n5-C5H5)(CO)(NO)2], [M(n5-C5H5)(CO)2(NO)](M=Cr, Mo. W), [Mn(n1-C3H5)(CO)5], [Mn(CO)5(COCH3)] and (Fe(n5-C5H5)(CO)2(COCH3)] complexes have been investigated. In general, all the complexes undergo dissociative loss of CO as primary photochemical processes to form co-ordinatively unsaturated 16-electron species (e.g. [Fe(n4-polyene)(CO)2],[V(n5-C5H5)(CO)3], [M(n5-C5H5)(CO)(NO)], [Mn(CO)4(COCH3)] and [Fe(n5-C5H5)(CO)(COCH3)].In addition, other processes have been observed, e.g. partial dechelation of the polyene-Fe bonding (e.g. [Fe(n2-C4 H4)(CO)3] and [Fe(n2-C8H8)(CO)3]), ring-to-metal H migration (e.g. [Fe(n5-C7H9)(CO)2(H)]), changes in NO co-ordinationfrom being 3-electron donor to being 1-electron donor ligand (e.g. [V(n5-C5H5)(CO)(NO)(NO~)]), intramolecular CO attack at the N of a NO ligand to form isocyanato species (e.g. [VIN 5-C5H5)(CO)(NCO)) and [W(n5-C5H5)(NCO)I), andnl-C3H5 n3-C5 H5 conversion (e.g. [Mn(nl-C3H5)(CO)5] -a [Mn(n3-C3H5)(CO)4]). In the case of [Fe(n4-C4H4)(CO)3] the n2-species may have resulted in the generation of a metallocyclic intermediate, via vK_~ a rearrangement of the diene-Fe bonding, which has been proposed to be responsible for the CO insertioninto the C4H4 ring of [Fe(n4-C4H4)(CO)3J to form [Fe(n4-C4H4C0)(CO)3] in a CO matrix. In [Fe(n4-C8H8)(CO)3J the n2-species has been proposed as the intermediate for [Fe(tub-n4-C 8H8)(CO)3] -c-- [Fe(chair -n4-C8H8)(CO)3J conformational interconversion. The infrared v(CO) acetyl data have established that the acetyl ligands in the matrix isolated co-ordinatively unsaturated species [Mn(CO)4(COCH3)] and [Fe(n5-C5H5)(CO)(COCH3)] have a-acetyl type bonding.</p
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Ramalan Menurut Imam Ja'far Ash-shadiq dalam Naskah ‘Adzīmah-fī ‘Ilm Ar-ramli (Kajian Filologi)
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan deskripsi naskah, suntingan dan terjemahan teks serta mengetahui isi kandungan teks. Adapun salah satu manfaatnya yaitu memperkaya khazanah pengetahuan mengenai ilmu meramal. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan naskah diantaranya yaitu keadaan naskah, bahan dan ukuran naskah, metode standar untuk menyunting naskah, dan metode analisi isi untuk menganalisis isi naskah, mengenai transliterasi menggunakan kaidah transliterasi aksara Arab-Latin tahun 1987, dan terjemahan menggunakan terjemahan setengah bebas Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa naskah „Adzimah Fī ‘Ilm Ar-Ramli karangan imam Ja‟far ash-Shadiq terdiri dari 56 halaman, berukuran 18,19 cm x 15,3 dan aksara yang digunakan yaitu aksara Arab. Pada naskah tersebut tidak terdapat nomor halaman, keadaan naskah masih bagus dan lengkap. Bentuk-bentuk kesalahan baik disengaja ataupun tidak disengaja yang ditemukan dalam naskah „Adzimah Fī ‘Ilm Ar-Ramli sebagai hasil pengkajian filologi dikelompokan kedalam tiga kategoris yaitu: substitusi (013), adisi (84) dan omisi (14). Dari keseluruhan kasus salah tulis tersebut, kasus substitusi merupakan kasus terbanyak. Adapun isi naskah „Adzimah Fī ‘Ilm Ar-Ramli diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga macam, yaitu: tata cara meramal yang menggunakan kerikil, bentuk-bentuk kerikil dengan jumlah 16 bentuk, dan arti dari bentuk- bentuk kerikil dengan jumlah 16 arti. This research aims to serve the ‘"Adzimah Fī ‘Ilm Ar-Ramli" by Imam Ja'far Ash-Shadiq manuscript description, editing, translation, and the text's content. One of its benefits is to enrich the knowledge treasure concerning the science of fortune-telling. The method uses a descriptive method to describe the manuscript, including the condition, material, size of the manuscript, the standard method in editing the manuscript, and the content analysis method to analyze the manuscript content. The manuscript translation uses the translation principle of Arabic- Alphabetic script 1987 and a half free translation. The result shows that the manuscript consists of 56 pages, 18,19 cm x 15,3 cm in size, and an Arabic script. It does not have page numbers, and it is in excellent and complete condition. The forms of error, as the result of the philological analysis, are divided into three categories: substitution (310), addition (84), and omission (14). The substitution denotes the majority of all writing error cases. Then, the content is classified into three types: the way of telling fortune uses gravel. There are 16 different forms of gravel, indicating 16 different meanings
Analytical modelling of sound transmission in a lined duct
No full textThe focus of this thesis is on the prediction of sound attenuation through a lined duct, based on a mathematical model. Ducts with a single section as well as multi-segmented sections are discussed. The duct of interest has a rectangular cross-section as normally used for ventilation purposes. The mean flow in a ventilation duct is very low and can be neglected. In this thesis, two-dimensional analytical models are developed for sound transmission in a series of different duct configurations. Two models of the lining behaviour are considered, either locally-reactingor bulk-reacting.The models are used first to obtain the transverse and axial wavenumbers of various modes of the duct. The required finite numbers of wavenumbers are tracked using Müller’s method. The wavenumbers are traced from a very low frequency to high frequency using small frequency steps. It is found that, for a duct with a bulk-reacting lining, the number of modes with a transverse wavenumber below a particular value may exceed the corresponding number of modes in a duct with a locally-reacting lining. These additional modes are termed lining modes. The number of lining modes depends on the lining thickness. Dispersion curves are presented for both types of lining. The transmission of sound through the duct is then calculated using the mode-matching technique. The mode-matching model allows analysis of multi-modal wave propagation in the duct. The model is first developed for an infinitely long rigid duct with a finite length of lined insert. The estimation from the locally reacting model, that is widely available in the literature, is compared with the estimation from the newly developed bulk-reacting model. Although the locally reacting model often overestimates the performance of a bulk-reacting lining it is found that this is not always the case, especially for a small lining thickness and at lower frequencies where the locally reacting model may under-estimate the performance.The analytical model is then extended to a multi-segmented lining where the lined section is uniformly segmented with rigid walled sections in a periodic manner. For a bulk-reacting lining, the segmented arrangement renders the lining more similar to the behaviour of a duct with a locally-reacting lining and improves the peak attenuation. Little improvement is found in the case of a multi-segmented locally-reacting lining. The effect of duct height, lining thickness and lining flow resistivity on sound attenuation is studied using the analytical model. Experiments are presented which validate the analytical model
An improvement of BFGS by applying n-th section method for solving unconstrained optimization / Nurul Atikah Mohamed Ramli
Get PDFOptimization is one of mathematics field that greatly developed when Quasi-newton method was presented to solve the unconstrained optimization problem. An iterative method is used to solve the problem by finding the value of search direction, dk and step size, ak. There are different methods that can be an option to solve the dk and ak in optimization problem to get the best results in term of number of iterations and CPU time. Thus, in this research, an improvement of one of the Quasi-newton method which is Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) method has been done by employing new inexact line search method. From the previous researches, there are a few of inexact line search method that have been introduced such as Goldstein, Armijo and Wolfe line search. However, these line searches are complicated and its complexity will burden the CPU time even though the number of iteration is reduced in BFGS method. The improvement is finding the step size ak to solve the problem by employing a new inexact line search method. This new inexact line search is known as M-th section method. The n-th section method is the modification of the original bisection method. As in bisection method, this simple n-th section method divides each interval section with an even number of interval which is greater than two. Thus, n-th section method in this project is fourth and sixth section method. This new proposed algorithm is compared with the original bisection and newton method in terms of number of iteration and CPU time. Numerical results are obtained based on eight test functions with two different tolerances. This research shows that the proposed algorithm is efficient when compared to bisection and newton method as inexact line search method. Besides, this proposed algorithm has achieved the global solution and possessed sufficient descent condition. The result is analysed based on number of iterations and CPU times. It is concluded that the n-th section method which is the sixth section method is the best method that can be used as the inexact line search in BFGS to lower the number of iterations and solve most of the problems
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