44 research outputs found
Summary of experimental verification of the flux and energy spectrum of secondary electrons at high altitudes in the atmosphere
No full text A brief summary of the measurement of the flux and energy spectrum of secondary electrons at balloon altitude over Fort Churchill is given. These measurements are compared with two calculations, one by Perola and Scarsi and the other by the author. A correction is made to an error of Beedle and Webber in plotting the results of the author's calculations. </jats:p
Design of Double-F Metamaterial Structure for Enhancing Bandwidth of Patch Antenna with Negative μ and e
No full textAnalysis of PCE-based Superplasticiser for the Different Types of Cement using Marsh Cone Test
No full textThe Marsh cone test is a direct and straightforward technique for examining the fluidity of cement paste using a superplasticiser. Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) based Auramix 400 superplasticiser, portland pozzolana cement, and ordinary Portland cement are used for finding the optimum dosage of superplasticiser with specific cement. The optimum dosage and the superplasticiser's efficiency are determined by the marsh cone test for two types of cement. The fresh and mechanical properties and non-destructive testing of the concrete mixes made by two cement types have been compared. The water-cement ratio is kept constant for both types of cement. Results show that the optimum dosage of superplasticiser depends upon the different types of cement. After the saturation point, the fluidity of cement paste doesn't affect increasing the quantity of superplasticiser. Both concrete mixes' fresh and mechanical properties of the same grade are similar, but the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate requirements are higher in OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) mix concrete than in PPC (Portland Pozzolana Cement) mix concrete. The requirement of superplasticiser is more when used with PPC than the OPC concrete mix
Sex trafficking of girls and women : Evidence from Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh
No full textA crucial gap in the trafficking literature from India is the dearth of primary data and micro studies that could be used for vulnerability mapping of the source areas and addressing the identified risk factors. The present paper is a small attempt to contribute to plugging the gap in the context of Andhra Pradesh, identified as a hot spot in the trafficking literature. This paper is based on case studies of 78 women who had been trafficked from their places of origin in Anantapur district in Andhra Pradesh to metropolitan cities across India and who have since returned to their homes. The paper attempted to identify the individual and family circumstances that contribute to the causes of trafficking, to highlight in particular the gendered vulnerabilities that set these women up for trafficking, and to capture the process of the trafficking experience. The findings of the study are located in the dynamic interplay of the social structural context and specificities of the district that contribute to causes of trafficking and the individual circumstances and agency of the women. The case studies reported in this paper are a pointer to the compelling urgency of interventions that will go beyond the forced / voluntary divide in trafficking and sex work.Andhra Pradesh, India, trafficking
Trend of fatal poisoning in Kanpur: a two year autopsy based study
No full textBackground: Kanpur is not only the biggest city of the Uttar Pradesh but also 9th most populated city of the India and is the main centre of commercial and industrial activities. Kanpur is situated at the bank of holy river Ganga. It is very crowded city and facing the problems of population influx from neighboring towns and villages. Apart from fame for industry, Kanpur lies between two rivers Ganga and Pandu. The land of Kanpur district is plain and fertile with Cultivable Barren Land 185480 Hectare. Kanpur is an only notified metropolitan area by UP Government under Code of Criminal Procedure 1973, and therefore has a Chief Metropolitan Magistrate. Poisoning is an important public health issue in India and worldwide. The present study is aimed to assess the epidemiological variables of fatal poisonings in Kanpur.Methods: All medico legal autopsies of the city were conducted in the GSVM Medical College mortuary, Kanpur. During the study period, 582 cases of fatal poisoning were autopsied. Only autopsies with confirmed diagnosis of poisoning were included in this prospective study.Results: A total of 7648 medico legal autopsies were performed at the aforementioned centre. Poisoning deaths comprised 582 cases (7.6%) of the total autopsies conducted during the study period.Conclusions: Suicidal poisoning is accountable for majority of poisoning deaths in India. Societies at large owe a collective responsibility to this manner of death and mere condemnation or sympathy is not sufficient to curb these avoidable deaths.</jats:p
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No full textNot AvailableIrradiation sensitivity of four juice and wine genotypes i.e., Pusa Navrang, Pearl of Csaba, Hybrid 76-1 and Julesky Muscat was ascertained. Well proliferated cultures these genotypes were raised on standardized proliferation cum rooting medium (MS basal medium + 2.0 mg/l IBA + 250 mg/l activated charcoal) were subjected to Gamma irradiation treatments (0, 5, 15, 20, and 25 Gy). The cultures after irradiation were sub-cultured following in vitro repetitive micro-cutting technique on the same medium upto five cycles (vM5). Thereafter, the in vitro rooted plantlets were hardened and later transferred in pots in glasshouse for survival and morphological analysis. Results showed that the highest mean explant survival was noted in the control (83.78%) over other irradiation dosages except 5 Gy dose (80.95%), which were at par. The gamma irradiation dose of 10 Gy gave the mean survival of 46.66%, shoot sprouting (56.85%) and in vitro shoot abnormalities (50.59%), which were significantly different from the other irradiation dosages. The 10 Gy irradiation dose was recorded as a lethal
dose 50 (LD50) for all genotypes. However, as the irradiation dose was increased further, the explant survival percentage, shoot sprouting and in vitro shoot and root abnormalities significantly enhanced. The highest shoot sprouting was noted in Pusa Navrang (57.59%) followed by Pearl of Csaba (55.59%). Surviving mutants showed altered physiological traits with increasing doses of Gamma irradiation.Not Availabl
Investigation of dry-wet cycles effect on the durability of modified rubberised concrete
No full textFor communities and property in flood-prone locations, the performance of construction materials during flood occurrences is important. Limited investigations are available on the influence of dry-wet water cycles on rubberised concrete after rubber crumbs treatment. Several tests are done to assess rubberised concrete's mechanical and durability characteristics and compare it to conventional concrete. An optimum amount (15%) of rubber crumbs are utilised for partially replacing fine aggregate in concrete. Physical appearance, surface cracks, compressive strength, mass difference and ultrasonic pulse velocity of RuC have been tested under water dry-wet cycles. After dry-wet cycles, RuC gains its compressive strength, mass and ultrasonic pulse velocity. No harmful effect is found under dry-wet cycles of water. After rubber crumbs treatment and using pozzolana-based cement, the rubberised concrete can struggle with dry-wet water cycles during flood conditions for a long duration
Ensuring Safety of Model-based Generated Code for Pervasive Health Monitoring Systems
No full textabstract: Wireless technologies for health monitoring systems have seen considerable interest in recent years owing to it's potential to achieve vision of pervasive healthcare, that is healthcare to anyone, anywhere and anytime. Development of wearable wireless medical devices which have the capability to sense, compute, and send physiological information to a mobile gateway, forming a Body Sensor Network (BSN) is considered as a step towards achieving the vision of pervasive health monitoring systems (PHMS). PHMS consisting of wearable body sensors encourages unsupervised long-term monitoring, reducing frequent visit to hospital and nursing cost. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that operation of PHMS must be reliable, safe and have longer lifetime. A model-based automatic code generation provides a state-of-art code generation of sensor and smart phone code from high-level specification of a PHMS. Code generator intakes meta-model of PHMS specification, uses codebase containing code templates and algorithms, and generates platform specific code. Health-Dev, a framework for model-based development of PHMS, uses code generation to implement PHMS in sensor and smart phone. As a part of this thesis, model-based automatic code generation was evaluated and experimentally validated. The generated code was found to be safe in terms of ensuring no race condition, array, or pointer related errors in the generated code and more optimized as compared to hand-written BSN benchmark code in terms of lesser unreachable code.Dissertation/ThesisM.S. Electrical Engineering 201
White Light Generation through lAscorbic Acid-Templated Thermoresponsive Copper Nanoclusters
No full textOwing
to their lower toxicity and tuneable optical properties,
luminescent copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) have emerged as a new generation
of materials with multidiverse applications in cellular imaging, sensing,
and optoelectronics. However, the preparation of highly stable CuNCs
using a small ligand as a template still serves as a bottleneck in
the development of nanoclusters. Herein, we report ascorbic acid (AA)-templated
blue-emitting CuNCs that display excellent thermoresponsive properties
within a temperature range of 25–65 °C. Interestingly,
our as-prepared CuNCs can generate white light emission (WLE) when
mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA)-templated red-emitting silver
nanoclusters (AgNCs) under optimized conditions. The WLE so generated
was characterized by the Commission Internationale d’Eclairage
(CIE) coordinates of (0.33, 0.30), a color rendering index (CRI) of
80, and a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5624 K, parameters
that are very close to those of pure white light. The cell viability
data and confocal laser scanning microscopy images of HeLa cells obtained
using these CuNCs substantiate their nontoxic and biocompatible nature
Inducible expression of RANKL in transgenic pigs under the control of the Tet-On system
No full textBecause of the tremendous need for transgenic large animal models for human diseases, the process of SCNT is a crucial step in transgenic pig production. In our study, we evaluated the particular steps during the production for their impact on the efficiency of cloning transgenic pigs. For this purpose, statistical analysis was performed for all SCNT data from the years 2006 until June 2010. The RANKL transgenic osteoporosis model was chosen for an example for the production steps needed to finally achieve a disease model, to elucidate pitfalls and chances of SCNT procedure. In total 151 in vivo SCNT experiments using different transgenic cell lines were carried out, resulting in 243 piglets and fetuses. Statistical analysis revealed that donor cells treated exclusively in our laboratory had a significant better birth rate than donor cell originated of other laboratories. Furthermore, there was a significant relation between number of transferred NT embryos and later pregnancy checks, birth rate and abortion rate. The more NT embryos were transferred, the more pregnancies finished to terms. It was also elucidated that in our studies a different in vitro culture time of 24 or 48 hours had no significant impact on the outcome like pregnancy or birth rate. Seasonal changes during the years had no significant influence on pregnancy rate, birth or abortion. But there was a strong tendency that autumn showed best performance of all seasons, and most pregnancies were lost after embryo transfers during the summer. All these findings will be integrated in future in vivo SCNT experiments and embryo transfers. For the production of a transgenic osteoporosis model 17 in vivo experiments took place so far, with an outcome of 4 fetuses and 25 piglets. For gaining a controllable expression of RANKL, it was necessary to establish double transgenic pigs to sidestep harmful effects of RANKL overexpression during the fetal development. First attempts to integrate both genes, tetracycline controlled transactivator (Tet-On) and RANKL, in a single step of cell transfection and SCNT, had no satisfying result. We obtained 4 fetuses and stillborn recloned piglets carrying both genes, but they showed only expression of Tet-On and it was impossible to induce RANKL overexpression. Therefore the strategy was changed in favor to two rounds of transfection and nuclear transfer. First Tet-On transgenic piglets were established and screened for integration and expression. Piglet 9894 showed the best expression and severed as donor for next cell transfection step. These Tet-On + TARE RANKL cells were in vitro tested for their inducibility. Thereafter SCNT and embryo transfer of the best candidate were performed and they resulted in 4 pregnancies which all finished to term. One double transgenic piglet could be raised and will be kept until adulthood to establish a line of Tet-On +TARE RANKL transgenic pigs. Importantly, this founder animal showed inducible RANKL overexpression. Other constructs might be based on the existing Tet-On cell line in the future, offering an inducible system for a broad variety of different transgenes. Thus a functional Tet-On system in the pig is reported for the first time.Da es einen enormen Bedarf an transgenen Großtieren als Modelltiere für humane Erkrankungen gibt, wie zum Beispiel für Osteoporose, wurde die Generierung von transgenen Schweinen mittels somatischen Kerntransfers genauer untersucht. Dabei war das Ziel herauszufinden, welchen Einfluss die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte auf die Produktionseffizienz haben. Aus diesem Grund wurde eine statistische Analyse aller in vivo Kerntransfers von Anfang 2006 bis zum Juni 2010 durchgeführt. An dem Beispiel eines RANKL transgenen Osteoporose-Models wurden alle nötigen Produktionsschritte dargestellt und die Schwierigkeiten und Vorteile des somatischen Kerntransfers beschrieben. Die insgesamt 151 in vivo Experimente, wobei unterschiedliche transgene Zelllinien genutzt wurden, resultierten in 243 Ferkeln und Feten. Statistische Analysen zeigten, dass Spenderzellen, die ausschließlich in unserem Labor behandelt wurden, nach Kerntransfer zu einer signifikant höheren Geburtsrate der trächtigen Empfänger führten als Spenderzellen aus anderen Laboren. Weiterhin ergab sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Anzahl übertragener Kerntransfer-Embryonen und der späteren Trächtigkeitsrate, Geburtsrate und der Abortrate. Je mehr Embryonen übertragen wurden, desto mehr Trächtigkeiten wurden erfolgreich beendet. Es wurde auch sichtbar, dass in unseren Versuchen eine unterschiedliche in vitro-Kulturdauer der Kerntransfer-Embryonen von 24 bzw. 48 Stunden keinen signifikanten Unterschied in der Trächtigkeits- oder Geburtsrate verursachte. Auch für die verschiedenen Jahreszeiten konnte kein signifikanter Einfluss auf Trächtigkeit oder Geburt nachgewiesen werden. Es zeigte sich aber die Tendenz, dass im Herbst die besten Bedingungen für einen positiven Verlauf der Trächtigkeit herrschen und nach Embryotransfers im Sommer die höchste Abortrate auftritt. All diese Untersuchungsergebnisse werden zukünftig in unseren Arbeitsalltag integriert und der Kerntransfer und Embryotransferablauf optimiert. Zur Erstellung eines transgenen Osteoporosemodells wurden 17 Embryotransfers durchgeführt, die in 4 gewonnenen Feten und 25 geborenen Ferkeln resultierten. Um eine regulierbare RANKL Expression zu erhalten war es notwendig, doppelt transgene Schweine zu erstellen, so dass negative Nebeneffekte der RANKL Überexpression während der Fetalentwicklung vermieden wurden. Die ersten Versuche, Tetrazyklin Transaktivator (Tet-On) und RANKL in einem einzigen Schritt der Zelltransfektion und des in vivo Kerntransfers zu integrieren, führte zu wenig befriedigenden Ergebnissen. Es wurden 4 doppelt transgene Feten und 2 totgeborene Ferkel gewonnen, doch es konnte nur die Expression von Tet-On nachgewiesen werden, da die RANKL Expression nicht induzierbar war. Deswegen wurde die Strategie zu Gunsten von zwei Einzelschritten der Zelltransfektion und in vivo Kerntransfers gewechselt. Zuerst wurden Tet-On transgene Ferkel erstellt und auf Integration und Expression hin untersucht. Das Ferkel 8994 zeigte die beste Expression und seine Zellen wurden für den nächsten Zelltransfektionsschritt verwendet. Die daraus resultierenden Tet-On + TARE RANKL-Zellen wurden in vitro auf ihre Induzierbarkeit getestet. Als Spenderzellen für weitere in vivo Kerntransfers diente der beste Kandidat aus diesen Tests. Alle 4 Embryotransfers resultierten in Trächtigkeiten, die alle auch ausgetragen wurden. Ein doppelt transgenes Ferkel konnte aufgezogen werden, das zum einen nach Erreichen der Geschlechtsreife als Gründer einer transgenen Schweinelinie dienen wird, und im in vivo-Test eine induzierbare Expression von RANKL zeigte. Die regulierbaren Tet-On Zelllinien können auch für weitere zukünftige Konstrukte Verwendung finden, was die Möglichkeit mannigfaltiger genetischer Manipulation durch ein induzierbares System eröffnet. Hiermit wird das erste Mal von einem funktionalen und kontrollierbaren Tet-On System im Schwein berichtet
