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Data for economic parameters of IWH line of Indian White Leghorn for three generations
No full textData spanning three generations from 2020-23 was recorded for different production and growth traits up to 72 weeks of age in the female IWH population. First of all, body weight of chicks at the time of hatch (BW0) was recorded. Thereafter, when female birds were housed in individual cages, body weight at different intervals viz. 16 (BW16), 20 (BW20), 40 (BW40) and 52 (BW52) weeks was successively recorded. Reproduction trait like age at sexual maturity (ASM) was also recorded for all the birds.
Production data comprised of egg production or egg numbers up to 24 (EP24), 28 (EP28), 40 (EP40), 52 (EP52), 64 (EP64) and 72 (EP72) weeks and egg weights at 28 (EW28), 40 (EW40) and 52 (EW52) weeks of age. Egg production of individual birds was recorded daily and egg production up to a certain age was arrived at by summing the daily production up to that age. Egg production data after 40 weeks was not available for the third generation. Therefore, EP52, EP64 and EP72 data used to derive the genetic parameter estimates belonged to two generations only.
Further, egg weight at a particular age was estimated by taking the average of egg weight measurements of five consecutive days at that age. For instance, at 28 weeks of age, egg weight was recorded for five successive days for each bird and the average of those five measurements was finally considered as EW28
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No full textNot AvailableMaize, a potential global crop is attacked by a wide array of insect pests. Among them, spotted stem borer, pink stem borer, fall armyworm, and shoot fly are the major insect pests affecting maize productivity. Significant yield losses and environmental concerns necessitated the need to develop potential and safe management strategies against insect pests. Maize genotypes with improved insect pest resistance help in minimizing yield losses. Adoption of host plant resistance-based approaches not only sustains maize production in long run but is also environmentally friendly. Exploration of wild relatives in breeding programs increases the genetic diversity and sources of resistance to key insect pests. Conventional breeding in combination with molecular techniques speeds up the progress in developing insect pest-resistant genotypes. Understanding plant– insect interactions and elucidation of the molecular regulation of signaling networks is important for formulating novel pest control strategies. Various phytohormones such as jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) and their derivatives, elicitors present in the saliva/oral secretions/regurgitant/frass of herbivores play an important role in modulating plant defenses. In this chapter, host plant resistance-based approaches including screening techniques, identifi-cation, and utilization of resistant sources, mechanisms and factors associated with plant resistance, induced defenses, the role of the microbiome in insect pest management, novel breeding strategies, namely quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genetic engineering, genome editing to develop insect-resistant maize genotypes are discussed.Not Availabl
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No full textBook Name-Poultry Production Current Insights edited by M.T.Banday, A.A.Khan, Sheikh Adil and I.U.Sheikh published by Daya Publishing House, A Division of Astral International Pvt. Ltd.-ISO9001:2015 Certified Company-4736/23, Ansari Road,Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002, e-mail:[email protected],website:www.astralint.comNot AvailableICAR,IPS
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No full textNot AvailableWhite spot disease, caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has historically been the most devastating
disease in shrimp aquaculture industry across the world. The mode of virus transmission is the most crucial stage in the dynamics and management of virus infection. This study explored the mechanism of vertical transmission of WSSV in Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus, potential native species for domestication and genetic improvement, using quantitative real time PCR (q RT PCR), light and electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization. Wild brooders of P. indicus (n = 2576) were sampled along the South east coast of India, during 2016 to 2021. Of these ~ 58 % of the brooders were positive for WSSV, and almost 50 % of infected wild brooders were at the various stages of reproductive maturation. WSSV-PCR positive brooders (n = 200) were analysed for vertical WSSV transmission. The q RT PCR studies of reproductive tissues revealed that 61 % (n = 13) of spermatophore, 54 % (n = 28) of immature ovaries and 48 % (n = 27) of ripe ovaries were infected with WSSV. The lowest level of infection was recorded in females with ripe ovaries (6.84 × 10
1 DNA) followed by fertilized eggs (1.59 × 102 ± 3.69 × 101 ± 9.79 × 100 ng genomic ng genomic DNA), and larvae (nauplius and zoea). The histology of gravid females with high WSSV copies showed pyknotic and karyorrhectic germinal vesicle with degenerated cortical rods. Conversely, the gravid females with low WSSV copies showed fully developed ovary without characteristic signs of WSSV infection. Transmission electron microscopic studies clearly established the presence of WSSV particles in both ovaries and spermatophores. When subjected to in situ hybridization, WSSV- specific signals were observed in connective tissues of spermatophore, although gravid ovary and fertilized eggs were failed to produce WSSV specific signals. The present study provides the first molecular and histological
evidence for trans-ovarian vertical transmission of WSSV. Development of disease-free base population being the cornerstone and first step in establishing the breeding program, the present findings could be a basis for
development of such programs.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThe study was carried out to evaluate the performance of a biomass gasifier as a backup heating source to a solar dryer and
to analyze the drying characteristics and the quality attributes of shrimps (Metapenaeus dobsoni) drying in the solar-gasifier
hybrid dryer. The coconut shell was used as a biomass feedstock for the operation of a downdraft gasifier to generate producer
gas. The shrimp samples were dried in a solar-gasifier hybrid dryer to the final moisture contents of 18% (d.b.), 16% (d.b.),
and 17% (d.b.) within 6 h, 9 h, and 6 h under hybrid, solar, and gasifier modes, respectively. The thermal efficiency of the
downdraft gasifier was estimated to be 73% and 67.5% for the coconut shell feedstock during hybrid and gasifier modes of
operation. Modeling of drying data revealed that page model was the best fit for solar and hybrid modes of operation, whereas
Midili model accurately predicted the drying behavior of shrimp in the gasifier mode. Proximate composition of shrimps was
not affected by different drying modes. Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA), and thiobarbituric
acid reactive substance (TBARS) values of shrimps were found to be within the safe limit. The rehydration ratio of dried
shrimps for hybrid, solar, and gasifier modes was 2.39, 2.52, and 2.49, respectively. The shrinkage (%) observed under the
hybrid, solar, and gasifier modes was 20.71%, 19.95%, and 25.45%, respectively. The drying modes positively affected the
color development in shrimps.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThis is a study to investigate the impact of Prophylactic Vaccination in Cattle against Lumpy Skin Disease in Indian states.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableOver the course of several decades, considerable efforts have been dedicated to weed control, exploring various methods and technologies such as manual, chemical, biological, and mechanical approaches. Commercial tools are available for mechanical weed control in the inter-row region; however, the weed control in intra-row zone is still a challenge. Therefore, an intra-row weeding unit concept has been developed and evaluated under laboratory condition. The system is based on ultrasonic sensor, fuzzy logic, four bar linkage mechanism and microcontroller circuit. The results of ANOVA indicate that variation in four bar linkage crank speed (Srpm) was found to be highly significantly dependent on forward speed of operation (P <0.001). The system was tested at different depths (20, 40, 60 mm), speed of operations (0.96, 1.71, 2.58 km/h) and cone index of 300 kPa, 400 kPa and 500 kPa. The draft and lateral force was found to in the range of 5.88 N to 22.77 N and 0.97 to 8.01 N respectively for entire range of test plan. It was observed that average plant damage of intra row weeding system was varying from 0.66% to 8.66% for all test range of independent parameters. The newly developed intra-row weeding system can be seamlessly connected to the existing tractor-operated inter-row weeder. This integration enables the performance of weeding operations both within and between rows in a single pass of the tractor.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableThe process of wound healing is intricate and dynamic, requiring advanced medical care for a speedy recovery. Currently available semi-permeable wound dressings fall short in efficiently absorbing excess wound exudates to facilitate moist wound care, a crucial factor for promoting effective wound healing. Additionally, efforts have been made to enhance the antibacterial properties of wound dressings by incorporating antimicrobials into films. In this study, films were development using nanochitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-glycerol-chlorhexidine (NC-PVA-GLY-CLX) for applications in wound healing. The dressings were subjected to various characterizations, including UV-Visible spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, and X‑ray diffraction pattern. Furthermore, the resulting film dressings underwent evaluation for their bactericidal properties. The findings indicated that the incorporation of chlorhexidine into the films has positively influenced the fluid holding capacity and the active period of the dressing, creating a favourable environment for effective wound healing.Not Availabl
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No full textNot AvailableDeltas are areas where the land and ocean interact in a variety of ways and are an element of the coastal environment. These ecosystems possess unique biological diversity and has been attracting human settlements for centuries. However, deltaic regions are prone to recurring hazards. Soil and water in these regions are always under threat due to cyclonic storms and backwater flow in rivers and creeks. The quality of the soil and water in these regions has a major impact on agricultural output. Kultali block of South 24 parganas district in the state of West Bengal is the part of Sundarbans delta and agricultural activities in the area was difficult due to non-availability of the freshwater and salinity of soil and groundwater during non-monsoon season. Different farm structures were introduced for better management of water for agriculture in this region. A study was undertaken in Kultali block to assess the spatial variations in soil and groundwater salinity after introduction of those farm structures and suggesting the land and water utilization plan for better agricultural production. Observation wells at different locations and depths were installed for monitoring the groundwater in the area. The salinity of the soil and groundwater was monitored for evaluating seasonal change in soil and groundwater quality. The result of the study indicated that pre-monsoon soil and groundwater salinity was more than the post monsoon period. Groundwater salinity was increasing with the depth. Also, the areas near to the river and the creek showed higher salinity level than the rest of the plots in the study area. Soil and groundwater salinity and its spatial and temporal variation maps will be useful for planning agricultural activities in the area.Not Availabl