10 research outputs found
Between Kremlin influence and Ukrainian independence: The presidents of Ukraine from Kravchuk to Poroshenko
No full textThe article analyzes the Kremlin’s influence on the presidents of Ukraine from Leonid Kravchuk to Petro Poroshenko, highlighting the complex relations and efforts to gain independence from Russia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Ukraine struggled to build its independence amid strong pressures from the Kremlin. Each president had a different approach to relations with Russia. Leonid Kravchuk tried to balance cooperation with independence – an extremely challenging task for the newly formed state. Leonid Kuchma, after initially seeking to build positive relations with the West, turned significantly towards the Kremlin during his second term. His presidency was marked by corruption and the strengthening of oligarchic structures. Viktor Yushchenko, emerging from the Orange Revolution, aimed to make Ukraine independent despite internal conflicts and pressures from the Kremlin. Viktor Yanukovych strengthened ties with Moscow, leading to massive social protests during the Maidan and his eventual escape to Russia. Petro Poroshenko, who took office during a crisis, sought to strengthen Ukraine’s independence and tighten relations with the West. Despite some successes, his term was also marked by difficulties related to corruption and oligarchic structures. The current situation, a full-scale war initiated by the Russian Federation in 2022, highlights that the challenges of maintaining Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity remain relevant. The pursuit of complete independence from Russian influence remains a priority, requiring consistent actions and international support
Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease
No full textDobosiewicz Anna Maria, Chyba Piotr, Duda Grzegorz, Jankiewicz Małgorzata, Puszcz Karolina, Zmaczyńska Teresa. Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(6):244-264. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804633
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4531
The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017).
1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7
© The Author 2017;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 01.06.2017. Revised: 14.06.2017. Accepted: 15.06.2017.
Rehabilitacja w chorobie Parkinsona
Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease
Anna Maria Dobosiewicz1, Piotr Chyba1, Grzegorz Duda1, Małgorzata Jankiewicz, Karolina Puszcz, Teresa Zmaczyńska
1Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Ergonomii i Fizjologii Wysiłku Fizycznego, Collegium Medicum UMK, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Polska/ Scientific Circle at Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics. Division of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
Streszczenie
Choroba Parkinsona jest chorobą neurodegeneracyjną o nie do końca poznanej etiopatogenezie. Zaburzenia chodu oraz równowagi wymieniane są jako jedne z podstawowych objawów tej choroby. Nasilenie tych objawów u każdego pacjenta jest inne, zależy od indywidualnych cech pacjenta oraz od stadium zaawansowania choroby. Do skutecznych metod łagodzących objawy tej choroby można zaliczyć rehabilitację. Stosowanie odpowiednich metod fizjoterapeutycznych, dobranych indywidualnie dla każdego chorego, może znacząco wpłynąć na poprawę stanu zdrowia pacjenta oraz przyczynić się do poprawy jakości życia, jak również do utrzymania jak najdłuższej samodzielności w życiu codziennym.
Abstract
Parkinson Disease is a neurodegenerative disease which pathogenesis is not well known. Gait and balance disorders are the most basic symptoms of PD. The occurrence of the symptoms depends on phase of disease and patient’s individual attributes. Rehabilitation is one of the possible way to assuage the occurrence of the symptoms. Methods of physiotherapy have to be chosen individually to every patient. Using the methods correctly can help the patient to overcome the symptoms at daily life and improve their quality of life.
Słowa kluczowe- Choroba Parkinsona, rehabilitacja, usprawnianie chodu, równowaga
Key words - Parkinson Disease, physiotherapy, balance, gait, disorder
The Lord’s Supper and Children’s Participation
No full textThe author discusses how the Seventh Day Adventist Minister\u27s Manual states that unbaptized children should not participate in the ordinance of the Lord\u27s Supper while not providing an adequate theological explanation for its stance. It then looks at this as a reason why congregations approach this issue in different ways
Jesus Christ: Savior and Example
No full textThis chapter explains how Jesus, as both fully divine and fully human, can be our Savior as well as our example. In the discussion over LGT, much attention has been given to the humanity of Christ, and the author takes up this issue, asking whether Jesus was really just like us and indeed whether he needed to be just like us in order to be our example
Jesus Christ: Savior and Example
No full textThis chapter explains how Jesus, as both fully divine and fully human, can be our Savior as well as our example. In the discussion over LGT, much attention has been given to the humanity of Christ, and the author takes up this issue, asking whether Jesus was really just like us and indeed whether he needed to be just like us in order to be our example
Activities Supporting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Context of Poland’s Inergration with the European Union
No full textSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are and will be of a fundamental importance
for economic development. Basing economic development on large private companies, which
arc owned primarily by foreign investors in Poland, can produce negative effects for the Polish
economy in the long term. Hence, it is necessary to develop the SME sector, which calls for
an effective support by the State.
I he author performed a synthetic assessment of government programmes addressed to
SMEs in the context of Poland’s accession to the EU. An attempt was also made to present
indispensable changes in the government SME policy, which should allow to harmonise the
support for this sector with the EU recommendations and achieve long-term high rate of
economic growth through the SME sector development.Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę
The Risk of Destabilising Pension Fund Bodies, and the Procedural Position of Candidates for Members of the Governing Bodies of Supervised Entities
No full textThe author analyses the position of a candidate for member of a governing body in an entity supervised by the Polish Financial Supervisory Authority (PFSA) and discusses the related problems. The aim of the article is to identify the area of an increased risk level in financial institutions in the process of appointing members of the governing bodies of supervised entities. The PFSA assumes that the selection of the candidates for members of the governing bodies in Pension Fund Companies may be carried out by either the management board or the supervisory board. This leaves a large space for the activity of the boards. The management board can gain influence over the course of these proceedings. When the selection is conducted by the supervisory board, the risk is significantly reduced. The second aspect addressed therein concerns the position of a candidate for member of the governing bodies in supervised entities in legal proceedings. In jurisprudence it has been established that a candidate is to be treated as a party to the proceedings. The administrative courts found that inadmissibility of a candidate as a party would violate Article 77(2) of the Constitution by closing the judicial path for the candidate and preventing them from asserting protection of their rights and freedoms. Despite this, the Act of 21 July 2006 on Financial Market Supervision (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 2059, as amended) was amended in April 2021 to the effect that a candidate was not a party to the proceedings thus enhancing the risks, including conflicts of interest. The effect of these provisions has been instrumentalisation of those to whom a great deal of responsibility is entrusted – if the approval of the PFSA is obtained. The PFSA's decisions may affect the career path of candidates. In certain cases, they may even 'block' it, leaving little room for defence and narrowing the possibilities of adjusting the competence level to the positions held. There is also no timeframe for the PFSA’s decision. The risks associated with such situation have been described in the article
Low-voltage anodizing of copper in sodium bicarbonate solutions
No full textThe low-voltage (< 5 V) anodization of copper in aqueous solutions of sodium bicarbonate was studied for the first time. As demonstrated, this method leads to the formation of microstructures on a copper surface, that are composed of malachite (CuCO3·Cu(OH)2). Moreover, by tuning the operating conditions, i.e., applied cell voltage and electrolyte concentration, different surface morphologies can be grown. As shown by electron microscopy investigation, clusters of ribbons corrosion pits or nonuniformly located powdery precipitates are formed when the low anodizing voltage is applied. Anodization at 1.0 V in 0.4 M sodium bicarbonate solution led to the formation of a velvet-like, deep black anodic layer that covered the whole metal surface with ribbon-resembling structures. A thorough investigation of the obtained anodic layers with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray adsorption (XAS), Raman, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) uncovered the mixed crystalline-amorphous nature of the anodic copper species. Besides dominating the crystalline malachite phase, the amorphous cupric oxide was also identified. This composition offers promising features for catalytic applications, hence, low-voltage anodized copper was tested in an electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction to explore one possible application of the presented material. The current density of 4.7 mA cm−2 was registered for the selected sample.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Peyman Taher
Motive of a Wild Man and its Reception in the Polish Late Mediaeval Painting
No full textWild man is a popular figure in mediaeval culture. This study presents his depictions in Polish gothic art against the backdrop of findings of Richard Bernheimer – author of the fundamental monography on the concept of a wild man in European culture, and Timothy Husband – the curator of the 1980 New York exhibition devoted to this subject. In Missale Cracoviense, ca. 1450, AKMW, nr 2 KP depictions of wild men complete main images in the initials: Adoration of the newborn Jesus and Resurrection. In these contexts – paired with images referring to crucial events in the history of salvation of mankind depictions of fighting wild men represent chaotic, uncontrollable, conflicted passions of a man not yet guided by the light of faith. In Antiphonarium de sanctis founded by Adam of Będków, 1451–1457 two fighting wild men who are present at the bottom of the page with an initial showing John the Baptist probably represent quite similar ideas with perhaps stronger emphasis on their link with nature and its unbridled power. In the fourth volume of Graduale de festis et de dominicis, a manuscript from 1467, destroyed by nazis during the WW II, the wild man was shown at the bottom of the page. Above him there was a heron and a peacock and at the top of the page – Christ ruling the world with a clergyman – probably the founder of the manuscript – kneeling before him. According to many mediaeval bestiaries a heron was a symbol of a Christian distancing himself from the secular world and its temporary charms in favour of eternal goods. A peacock was a reminder that a Christian should be always mindful of his own sins. The entire scene refers to the attitude of the clergyman depicted who aspires to eternal bliss by shunning the world with its temptations and chaos symbolized by a wild man. In the first part of the Graduale founded by the king Jan Olbracht, 1499–1506, there is a marginal decoration including three wild men, which can be interpreted as a satirical allusion to Roman de la Rose, criticizing those following blind urges of carnal desires. The only secular manuscript with images of wild men is the book of borough rights of the town of Głubczyce drawn in 1421. On its first page there is a wild man fighting a lion. Here the wild man is a symbol of humans fighting against primitive and aggressive tendencies of their own nature under the guidance provided by laws given by the king. The depiction was probably inspired by illustrations to Psychomachia showing personified virtues and vices in combat. The second depiction of wild men in the Głubczyce borough rights book shows two of them in a fierce fight next to the scene of murder. This suggests that they symbolize aggressive tendencies of human nature which can lead to violent crimes. The last depiction is to be found in a wall -painting in the Franciscans’ church in Toruń. It represents a fight of water wild men. Although they were not quite so popular as wild men living on land many medieval authors mention wild men living in or near the water and taking refuge there in case of danger. In the wall painting in question they are represented together with mermaids surrounding a ship, whose sailors call on Virgin Mary and St Nicholas for help. Therefore, water wild men, as well as mermaids shown next to them, can be interpreted as symbols of danger, both physical and spiritual, to the sailors
Unterstützung des Unternehmertums an der polnisch-tschechischen Grenze
No full textPráce se zabývá problémy, které mají vztah k podpoře podnikání podél polsko-českého pohraničí. Do analýzy byly zahrnuty dva subjekty – Karkonoska Agencja Rozwoju Regionalnego S. A. ve městě Jelenia Góra a Okresní hospodářská komora v Jablonci nad Nisou (OHK). Autor představuje obě instituce a jejich iniciativy, které jsou důležité pro rozvoj podnikání se zvláštním důrazem na přeshraniční iniciativy. Závěrečná část studie prezentuje závěry, které mohou přispět k rozvoji podnikání podél polsko-českého pohraničí.Artykuł dotyczy wspierania przedsiębiorczości na pograniczu polsko-czeskim. Analiza objęto dwa podmioty – Karkonoską Agencję Rozwoju Regionalnego (KARR) S. A. w Jeleniej Górze oraz Okresní hospodářská komora v Jablonci nad Nisou (OHKJ) tj. Powiatowa Izba Gospodarcza w Jabloncu nad Nysą, Republika Czeska. Autor przedstawia najważniejsze inicjatywy obu tych instytucji w zakresie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem inicjatyw transgranicznych. W końcowej części opracowania zawarto wnioski mogące przyczynić się do rozwoju przedsiębiorczości na pograniczu polsko-czeskim.The paper discusses problems referring to the support of entrepreneurship along Polish-Czech border regions. The analysis covered two entities – Karkonoska Regional Development Agency (KRDA) Joint Stock Company in Jelenia Góra and Okresní hospodářská komora v Jablonci nad Nisou (OHK) i.e. District Chamber of Commerce in Jablonec upon Neisse, The Czech Republic. The Author presents the most important initiatives of both institutions in relation to entrepreneurship development with particular emphasis on cross-border initiatives. The final part of the study presents conclusions which may contribute to the development of entrepreneurship along Polish-Czech border regions.Dieser Artikel handelt über Probleme, die mit der Unterstützung des Unternehmertums entlang der polnisch-tschechischen Grenze in Verbindung stehen. Es wurden zwei Unternehmer in die Analyse einbezogen: die Karkonoska Agnencja Rozwoju Regionalnego (KARR) S. A. in Jelenia Góra, Polen, und die Kreishandelskammer (Okresní hospodářská komora) in Jablonec nad Nisou (OHKJ) in der Tschechischen Republik. Der Autor stellt beide Institutionen vor und geht auch auf deren Initiativen ein, die im Hinblick auf die Unternehmensentwicklung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung grenzüberschreitender Unternehmungen wichtig sind. Der abschließende Teil der Studie präsentiert Schlüsse, welche zur Entwicklung des Unternehmertums entlang der der polnisch-tschechischen Grenze beitragen können
