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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Utility of bipolar electrocautery scissors for cervical conization

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    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of bipolar electrocautery scissors for cervical conization. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty patients with severe dysplasia/in situ carcinoma of the uterine cervix underwent cervical conization: 20 randomly selected patients were operated on with the unipolar energy scalpel and the other 20 were operated on with bipolar electrocautery scissors. In both groups operating time, number of ligations, blood loss, duration of recovery, perioperative complications and adequacy of the margins of the lesion were assessed. Data were compared by analysis of variance. RESULTS: In the bipolar group the average operating time and duration of recovery were significantly reduced (halved), no ligations were needed and the amount of blood loss was significantly reduced. Regarding perioperative complications, in the bipolar group there were no hemorrhages nor need of a second operation or transfusion. Infections did not occur in either group. We found no difference between the two groups regarding adequacy of the margins of the lesion for a good pathologic examination. CONCLUSION: Bipolar electrocautery scissors were safe and useful in cervical conization by reducing the operating time and blood loss without increasing postoperative morbidity

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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