320 research outputs found
FUNGSI SOSIAL DAN KEAGAMAAN DALAM TRADISI KAYIK’ AN (TURUN MANDI) PADA MASYARAKAT SEMENDE DI MEKAKAU ILIR KABUPATEN OKU SELATAN
No full textABSTRAK
Fungsi sosial adalah suatu proses kemasyarakatan atau interaksi
dengan lingkungan sosial yang di arahkan kepada memenuhi
kebutuhan dan bertujuan untuk mencapai kesejahteraan atau
membentuk ketertiban pranata kehidupan sosial, seperti fungsi
ekonomi, politik, keagamaan, bahkan budaya. Keagamaan memiliki
arti segala sesuatu atau tindakan yang berkaitan dengan agama.
Agama berarti kepercayaan kepada tuhan dengan ajaran kebhaktian
dan kewajiban-kewajiban yang bertalian dengan kepercayaan itu.
Sedangkan keagamaan adalah sifat-sifat yang terdapat dalam agama.
Tradisi memiliki peran penting dalam keagamaan karena tradisi dapat
menciptakan kerangka sosial dan moral yang mengatur hubungan
antaranggota masyarakat. Melalui tradisi, nilai-nilai agama dapat
diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan menjadi pedoman dalam
berperilaku. Fungsi sosial dan keagamaan tersebut juga terdapat dalam
tradisi Kyi’an (turun mandi) atau yang lebih di kenal yaitu khitanan
anak prempuan yang salah satunya terdapat pada suku semende di
Mekkau Ilir Kabupaten OKU Selatan. Berdasarkan permasalahan
tersebut, untuk itu penulis memaparkan beberapa rumusan masalah,
yang pertama adalah, bagaimana prosesi tradisi kayik’an (turun
mandi) pada masyarakat Semende di Mekakau Ilir Desa Tanjung
Besar?, yang kedua bagaimana fungsi sosial dan keagamaan tradisi
Kayik’an (turun mandi) bagi masyarakat Semende di Mekakau Ilir
Desa Tanjung Besar?
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field
research) dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data
yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data
sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada
penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.
Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini yakni dengan cara reduksi
data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Informan dalam penelitian
ini terdiri dari informan kunci berjumlah satu orang yakni ketua
adat,informan utama berjumlah tiga orang yakni tokoh agama,
nining rebiah (dukun bayi), dan kepala desa Tanjung Besar.
Informan tambahan berjumlah enam orang yakni warga yang tinggal di Tanjung Besar.
Hasil menunjukan bahwa tradisi kayian merupakan sebuah
tradisi yang dilakukan untuk mengislamkan atau mensucikan anak
Perempuan suku semande sehingga ibadahnya menjadi sempurna.
Tradisi kayian dilalui melalui dua tahap proses yakni persiapan dan
pelaksanaan upacara, yang mana dalam tradisi kayi’an terdapat
symbol-simbol yang digunakan yang bermakna harapan-harapan
untuk kebaikan sang anak. Selain itu tradisi kayi’an memiliki
fungus dari segi sosial tradisi kayi’an berfungsi sebagai ajang
silaturahmi antar masyarakat karena selama proses tradisi
melibatkan orang banyak yang rela berkorban baik dari segi waktu,
tenaga bahkan materi, sehingga terjalin kerjasama yang baik pada
setiap warga masyarakat. Dari segi fungsi agama, tradisi kayi’an
berfungsi sebagai pengendali diri pada anak Perempuan supaya
tidak liar dan ketika dewasa dapat membentengi diri dari perbuatan
tercela.
Kata Kunci : Fungsi Sosial Dan Keagamaan, Tradisi, Kayi’an. ABSTRACT
Social function is a social process or interaction with the social
environment that is directed to meet needs and aims to achieve
welfare or form order in social life institutions, such as economic,
political, religious, and even cultural functions. Religion means
everything or actions related to religion. Religion means belief in God
with teachings of devotion and obligations related to that belief. While
religiousness is the characteristics contained in religion. Tradition
has an important role in religion because tradition can create a social
and moral framework that regulates relations between members of
society. Through tradition, religious values can be applied in
everyday life and become guidelines for behavior. These social and
religious functions are also found in the Kyi'an tradition.(going down
to take a bath) or better known as circumcision of female children,
one of which is found in the Semende tribe in Mekkau Ilir, South OKU
Regency. Based on these problems, the author presents several
problem formulations, the first of which is,How is the kayik'an (going
down to bathe) tradition carried out by the Semende community in
Mekakau Ilir, Tanjung Besar Village? Secondly, what are the social
and religious functions of the Kayik'an (going down to bathe)
tradition for the Semende community in Mekakau Ilir, Tanjung Besar
Village?
This research is a field research using qualitative methods.
The data sources used in this study consist of primary data and
secondary data. The data collection methods used in this study are
observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis method
in this study is by means of data reduction, data presentation and data
verification. The informants in this study consisted of one key
informant, namely the traditional leader, three main informants,
namely religious figures, nining rebiah (midwife), and the village
head of Tanjung Besar. Additional informants numbered six people,
namely residents living in Tanjung Besar.
The results show that the kayian tradition is a tradition
carried out to convert or purify the Semande tribe girls so that their
worship is perfect. The kayian tradition is carried out through two stages of the process, namely preparation and implementation of the
ceremony, where in the kayi'an tradition there are symbols used that
mean hopes for the good of the child. In addition, the kayi'an tradition
has a social function, the kayi'an tradition functions as a means of
friendship between communities because during the tradition process
many people are involved who are willing to sacrifice both in terms of
time, energy and even material, so that good cooperation is
established in every community member. In terms of religious
function, the kayi'an tradition functions as a self-control for girls so
that they are not wild and when they are adults they can fortify
themselves from despicable acts.
Keywords: Social and Religious Functions, Tradition, Kayi'an
Feminisme Radikal Dalam Novel Saman Karya Ayu Utami Dan Potensinya Sebagai Bahan Edukasi Kesetaraan Gender
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan novel saman karya Ayu Utami dalam sudut pandang feminisme radikal dan potensinya sebagai bahan edukasi kesetaraan gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang didapat berupa data tertulis berupa kalimat bentuk feminisme radikal dalam novel Saman karya Ayu Utami. Sumber data merupakan objek feminisme radikal dalam bentuk teks yang terdapat dalam novel Saman karya Ayu Utami yang terbit pada tahun 1998 dengan jumlah 206 halaman, pendapat teman sejawat, dan beberapa penelitian mengenai feminisme radikal dan edukasi kesetaraan gender sebagai referensi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi yang melibatkan catatan, buku, atau dokumen serta pendapat teman sejawat dari angket yang diberikan penulis berkaitan dengan data yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini berupa deskripsi gambaran feminisme radikal dalam novel Saman karya Ayu Utami dan potensi penelitian ini sebagai bahan edukasi kesetaraan gender. Dalam penelitian ini menemukan gambaran feminisme radikal yang memuat tiga jenis, yaitu: kekerasan fisik terhadap perempuan, eksploitasi perempuan, dan peran perempuan. Data yang ditemukan lebih mendominasi jenis kekerasan fisik terhadap perempuan. Bahan ajar dalam penelitian ini berbentuk handout yang bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi serta gagasan terkait dengan edukasi kesetaraan gender. This study aims to describe the novel Saman by Ayu Utami from the perspective of radical feminism and its potential as an educational material for gender equality. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The data obtained is written data in the form of sentences of radical feminism in the novel Saman by Ayu Utami. The data source is the object of radical feminism in the form of text contained in the novel Saman by Ayu Utami published in 1998 with a total of 206 pages, peer opinions, and several studies on radical feminism and gender equality education as references. Data collection techniques used documentation techniques involving records, books, or documents as well as peer opinions from questionnaires given by the author related to the data under study. The result of this research is a description of radical feminism in the novel Saman by Ayu Utami and the potential of this research as a material for gender equality education. This study found a description of radical feminism that contains three types, namely: physical violence against women, exploitation of women, and the role of women. The data found dominates the type of physical violence against women. The teaching materials in this research are in the form of handouts that aim to provide information and ideas related to gender equality education
Analisis Nilai-nilai Religius dalam Novel "Janji Sahabat" Karya Risna Utami
No full textLiterary work is an expression of personal human feelings in the form of experiences, thoughts, feelings, ideas, enthusiasm, beliefs in the form of images of human life and the imagination of the author. One form of literary work is the novel "Promise of Friends" by Risna Utami. The researcher aims to analyze the religious values in the novel. The type of research used in this research is a type of qualitative research with a pragmatic approach. Analyzing the text in the novel "Promise of Friends" by Risna Utami, namely in the form of sentences, paragraphs and excerpts from dialogues of the characters in each paragraph which contain religious values. To complete the references in this study, the researchers carried out research at the Nias University library. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that Risna Utami's "Promise of Friends" novel contains religious values consisting of human relations with God, human relations with humans and human relations with nature which indirectly can be used as guidelines in daily life. -day. The researcher's suggestion is that the religious values contained in the novel "Promise of Friends" by Risna Utami can be applied and used as a guide in interacting lif
ANALISIS NOVEL SAMAN KARYA AYU UTAMI: TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
No full textThis research is motivated by at least a literaly work that discusses a position of woman in society in culture and marriage bond. The focus of research refers to relation of novel with author, novel with society and social purpose novel in society. The method that used in this research is drescriptive qualitative with the data source from Saman novel by Ayu Utami and some kind of relevant research. The result of reserch show that complexity of issues that presented in Saman accurate with data about social events in Indonesia.Through Saman, Ayu expressed her thoughts about religion, sex, marriage, race, economics, and politics. Besides, space, time, and event that used as reference contextual in Saman can't be separated from social and politics that causes it.At least, saman telling about process of land takeover, nepotism, abduction, social inequality, representing new order era that shows the attitude and the responses of the characters in the face of the problem
WACANA SPIRITUALITAS-HUMANIS DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL KARYA AYU UTAMI
No full textThis study utilizes the discourse theory of Michel Foucault’s perspective as a
knife of analysis. The study in this thesis encompasses several aspects, formulating a
series of production patterns of discursive formation texts by utilizing archeologygenealogy
methods; describes the present of ruptures (discontinuity) and the
formulation of a new episteme; and explains the power order and knowledge of
spirituality in Indonesia.
The results of the analysis in this thesis showed that the discourse of spirituality
in the novels by Ayu Utami was not actually apart from the traces of similar discourse
in Indonesia, especially in the era of New Order. By utilizing the archeology and
genealogy of Michel Foucault’s, this thesis has identified and interpreted a series of
discursive formations that indicated of ruptures (discontinuity). Based on the
archaeological readings of the seventh novel by Ayu Utami, three patterns of discursive
formation text formations are composed, such as "religious spirituality", "human
creation" and "Javanese spirituality". Based on the results of in-depth reading of the
discursive formation were found six ruptures as a marker of discontinuity. Some of
ruptures are influenced by the socio-cultural conditions as well as the ideas and
knowledge that prevailed at that time. The series of ruptures indicated a shift in the
episteme of the New Order era known as “ban” and “rejection” into the new episteme of
“acceptance”. While through the genealogical reading, the practice of exclusion and
inclusion has found in the discourse of spirituality in Indonesia, especially in the
beginning of New Order era. Prohibitions as a concept of exclusion arose in the form of
policies issued by the New Order government which required the community to
embrace one of the five recognized religions in Indonesia. Not recognizing the Javanese
Spirituality as a religion is also a concept of rejection. The idea of “right and wrong”
also comes through different sexual orientation that were previously considered as
abnormal or false. The form of inclusion that appears in the novels is the persistence of
spirituality movements in Indonesia. Based on archeology-genealogy readings, the
spirituality discourse that carried by Ayu Utami through her novels actualy was not only
trying to show the forms that have been understood by the community, but also present
the practices in criticizing, breaking and unraveling the understandings that admitted as
the only acceptable truth. Therefore, literary works has been proved to be not just a
fictional imaginative work resulting from a series of creative and intellectual processes
of the author in perceiving the socio-cultural conditions; more than that, literary work is
a reaction to the problematic things that occur in contextual reality that is considered as
alternative ideas in understanding a construction or related phenomenon
Citra Perempuan dalam Novel Si Parasit Lajang Karya Ayu Utami: Kajian Kritik Sastra Feminisme dan Implementasinya Sebagai Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia di SMA
No full textThis research has four goals. 1) To describe the sosiohistoris background of Ayu Utami as an author of “Si Parasit Lajang” novel. 2) To describe the structural study of “Si Parasit Lajang” novel by Ayu Utami. 3) To describe the image of women in ayu utami’s novel “Si Parasit Lajang” based on literary criticism feminism. 4) To describe the implementation of women image in ayu utami’s novel “Si Parasit Lajang” as Indonesian literature material in SMA.This type of research was qualitative descriptive. The object of this study is the image of women in the novel “Si Parasit Lajang”. The subject of this research was “Si Parasit Lajang” novel by Ayu Utami. The data used in the form of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, or discourse that contains the image of women in the novel “Si Parasit Lajang”. The data source of this research is the novel “Si Parasit Lajang” by Ayu Utami. The techniques of data collection in this study used a library technique and record. Triangulation that used in this research was data triangulation and triangulation theory. Structurally the theme of “Si Parasit Lajang” novel by Ayu Utami was about a woman who wanted the equality with men. The storyline that was used by Ayu Utami was chronological plot. In this novel, the key figures were “I”. As the antagonist is Sahal. Meanwhile, which includes figures tritagonis is Gofur, Ming Dao, Mrs. cast of "I", Cynta, Erik, Orlow, Timun and Saepi. The scene background took a place in Jakarta, Tulungagung, Trenggalek, Europe dan Japan. The time background happened in 1990-2000. The social background was in military regime in the new era under the leadership of president Soeharto. The image of women in “Si Parasit Lajang” novel by Ayu Utami included three things. 1) Educated women. 2) Tenacious and independent women. 3) High social personality women. The implementation of novel research results “Si Parasit Lajang” by Ayu Utami as learning material at school can be viewed from three things. 1) The relevance to the aims of education. 2) The relevance to the content standards. 3) The relevance to learners
Political Myth about the Witch Calon Arang in the Novel “Manjali and Chakrabirava” by the Indonesian Author Ayu Utami
No full textThe article explores the novel Manjali and Cakrabirawa (2010) by one of the most outstanding
modern Indonesian writers, Ayu Utami (born in 1968), whose philosophical and intellectual
work marked the beginning of a new era in Indonesian literature. The novel was not
translated into English and has not been the subject of research in Russia. Articles on the
topic are few and only deal with themes of gender studies and feminism. This article provides
an analysis of the interpretation of the plot-forming mythological layer of the novel. Utami
boldly raises the topic of political repression through mythological optics, offers her own view
on the construction of the image of a witch called Calon Arang, supposedly a political rival of
a historical figure — Raja Airlangga (1000–1049), the ruler of the Javanese-Balinese state of
Kediri (1042–1222). Calon Arang, nicknamed Rangda (“widow”), is a well-known character
in folklore, the story has many versions. The relevance of the article is due to the paradox of
the myth of Calon Arang: on the one hand, its characters and plot are well known to Indonesians
(primarily Javanese and Balinese), but on the other hand, the myth remains poorly
understood. Cultural-historical, comparative-typological and mythopoetic methods make it
possible to analyze the mythological images in her novel “Manjali and Cakrabirava”, which is,
as the events of the mythological plot of the 11th century, associated with political issues — the
struggle for power and the demonization of the opponent
PROPAGANDA SUPERIORITAS PEREMPUAN ISLAM DALAM CERPEN ANAK KARYA NUNIK UTAMI DAN TEKNIK PENYAMPAIANNYA
No full textSastra anak bersifat didaktis dan sebagian memiliki elemen propaganda sebab dibuat oleh orang dewasa, salah satunya adalah cerita berjenis biografi. Cerita anak yang berjenis biografi mengandung propaganda untuk menyebarluaskan keteladanan serta memberikan informasi mengenai tokoh-tokoh besar yang dapat dijadikan teladan oleh anak. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan propaganda superioritas perempuan Islam yang terkandung dalam cerpen anak karya Nunik Utami dengan cara menganalisis struktur cerpen, mendeskripsikan bagaimana superioritas perempuan Islam digambarkan dalam cerpen, dan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan propaganda superioritas perempuan Islam dalam cerpen. Objek penelitian, yaitu kumpulan cerpen ″Kisah Muslimah Teladan for Kids″ karya Nunik Utami. Pada kumpulan cerpen ini terdapat 30 cerita yang ditulis oleh pengarang, cerpen yang dipilih antara lain ″Air Mata untuk Asiah″, ″Bidadari yang Terluka″, ″Durrah dan Ayahnya″, ″Kisah dari Gua Tsur″, dan ″Putri Kesatria″. Alasan kelima cerpen tersebut dipilih berdasarkan adanya ujaran-ujaran dalam teks cerita yang mengandung propaganda superioritas perempuan Islam. Metode penelitian deskriptif analisis dipilih sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian, yakni mengungkap dan memperjelas informasi mengenai propaganda superioritas perempuan Islam. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah studi pustaka, peneliti membaca buku referensi yang berhubungan dengan penelitian sastra anak, sastra dan propaganda, juga yang berhubungan dengan superioritas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian dengan judul Propaganda Superioritas Perempuan Islam dalam Cerpen Anak Karya Nunik Utami dan Teknik Penyampaiannya menunjukkan tokoh-tokoh perempuan Islam dalam kelima cerpen memiliki superioritas untuk mencapai keunggulan dan kesempurnaan sebagai kaum muslim dan ditemukan delapan teknik propaganda yang didominasi oleh teknik sebutan muluk-muluk (glittering generalities) dalam penyampaiannya. Penelitian selanjutnya, diharapkan dapat mengungkap lebih jelas tujuan dan manfaat dari propaganda dan apakah propaganda selalu ada dalam penulisan karya sastra anak.----------Children's literature are didactics and some have elements of propaganda because created by adults, one of them is the story of a biography. A biography in children’s stories, containing example to disseminate propaganda and provide information about the major figures can be used as a role model by the child. The purpose of this research was to describe the superiority of Islamic women propaganda contained in children's short story by Nunik Utami by way of analyzing the structure of the short stories, describes how female superiority of Islam portrayed in a short story, and describes the implementation of the propaganda of Islamic women's superiority in the short story. Research object, i.e., a collection of short stories "The Story of A Muslim Role Model For Kids" by Nunik Utami. On a collection of short stories, there are 30 stories written by the author, selected short stories, among others, ″Air Mata untuk Asiah″, ″Bidadari yang Terluka″, ″Durrah dan Ayahnya″, ″Kisah dari Gua Tsur″ and ″Putri Kesatria″. The reason of choosing five short stories, based on the presence of utterance in the text of stories containing propaganda for Islamic women's superiority. Descriptive methods of analysis in the study have been selected, in accordance with the research objectives, namely to uncover and clarify information about propaganda superiority of Islamic women. The collecting data techniques is the study of the literature, the researchers read the reference books that deal with children's literature, literature research and propaganda; it is also associated with superiority. Based on previous research results, it can be concluded that research with the title “Propaganda Superiority Of Islamic Women In Children’s Short Stories By Nunik Utami And Delivery Techniques”, shows figures of Islamic women in the fifth short story has the superiority to achieve excellence and perfection as the Muslims and found eight propaganda techniques dominated by mention techniques: pompous (glittering generalities) in delivery. Further research expected to reveal more clearly the objectives and benefits of propaganda and propaganda are always there in the writing of literary works for children
FREEDOM OF THOUGHT IN SAMAN NOVEL BY AYU UTAMI (1998): A GENETIC STRUCTURALIST APPROACH
No full textAbstract
This study examined the world view of freedom of thought of the major
and minor characters in Saman novel by involving genetic structuralist
approach. This research was descriptive qualitative research. The primary
data source was Saman, a novel written by Ayu Utami and translated by
Pamela Allen in 2005. Meanwhile the secondary data source was the socialhistorical
background of the Indonesian society in the twentieth century. Both
data were collected through library research and analyzed by descriptive
analysis. Based on the genetic structuralist approach, there was a close
relationship between the novel and the realities of Indonesian life. The novel
was as an object in which the author presented her world view.
Keywords: Freedom of Thought, Saman, Genetic Structuralist Approach
Hands on : virtual art installation : interactive shadow puppetry
No full textThe author of this report, Ms. Listya Utami Harjadi, implemented a different way of story-telling by creating a highly interactive digital shadow theatre for her Final Year Project (FYP), which uses Wii Remotes as the mode of interaction. The Interactive Shadow Puppetry project aims to allow a puppeteer control digital shadow puppets using the Wii Remotes. Furthermore, the interaction is further pushed to another level by involving the audience active participation during the digital shadow theatre performance, by also manipulating the digital content.
The project started off with the conceptualization stage before the author decided on the implementation of the Interactive Shadow Puppetry art installation based on the specified basic requirements. Then all of the components to be involved were carefully designed, followed by their respective development and testing. Finally, the prototype was set-up to demonstrate the possibilities of controlling digital content using Wii Remotes by processing the functions via Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) and Java programming language.
Despite some of the complexities and limitations faced in the course of developing the project, the author was still inspired to do an even deeper study and explore more possibilities that have yet to be implemented in this project.Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Engineering
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