1,721,816 research outputs found
Fruit and vegetable consumption in preschool-aged, low-income Mexican-American children: a comparative analysis
No full textChildhood obesity is an emerging epidemic. According to data found in the Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, over 12.5 million children are overweight or obese in the United States. The prevalence of obesity is higher in Mexican-American children than other ethnic groups in the US. Current research has found that higher intakes of fruits and vegetables have been shown to help prevent and reduce chronic diseases like obesity. Low fruit and vegetable consumption may also be a contributing factor to unhealthy weight gain in children. Moreover, low consumption of fruits and vegetables may reinforce the preference for other unhealthful foods like sugar-sweetened beverages and refined carbohydrates. The objective of this study was to look at fruit and vegetable consumption in Mexican-American children at ages 2 and 4, and to examine its association with their weight status. At both time points, fruits and vegetables were estimated in cups and the nutrient intake was analyzed. It was found that fruit intake met the 2010 USDA food guidelines set for these ages, but significantly lower consumption of vegetables was observed at both ages. Micronutrients found in fruits and vegetables showed that vitamin A, C, and folate met the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) set for 2- and 4- year old children. However, significantly low intakes in vitamin E and potassium were observed. Furthermore, dietary fiber was significantly below the DRI at both time points. A significant 12% increase in the BMI-for-age percentile from children at 2 years of age to 4 years of age was found. However, no relationship was found between fruit and vegetable consumption with BMI-for-age percentile. Nevertheless, fruit and vegetable consumption remains important because of the vital role it plays in preventing and reducing chronic diseases in the Mexican-American population.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Isabel Ramo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Economic Resilience and Crowdsourcing Platforms
Full text linkabstract: The increased interdependence and complexity of modern societies have increased the need to involve all members of a community into solving problems. In times of great uncertainty, when communities face threats of different kinds and magnitudes, the traditional top-down approach where government provides solely for community wellbeing is no longer plausible. Crowdsourcing has emerged as an effective means of empowering communities with the potential to engage individuals in innovation, self-organization activities, informal learning, mutual support, and political action that can all lead to resilience. However, there remains limited resource on the topic. In this paper, we outline the various forms of crowdsourcing, economic and community resilience, crowdsourcing and economic resilience, and a case study of the Nepal earthquake. his article presents an exploratory perspective on the link can be found between crowdsourcing and economic resilience. It introduces and describes a framework that can be used to study the impact of crowdsourcing initiatives for economic resilience by future research. An initial a set of indicators to be used to measure the change in the level of resilience is presented.The final version of this article, as published in Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management, can be viewed online at: http://www.jistem.fea.usp.br/index.php/jistem/article/view/10.4301%252FS1807-1775201500030000
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The role of Crowdsourcing in the resilience of communities
Full text linkDissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão de Sistemas de InformaçãoA constante evolução das Tecnologias de Informação (TI) tem permitido à sociedade em
geral uma utilização cada vez maior e variada de novos meios de comunicação, aumentando
desta forma a capacidade de se compartilhar informação via Web, através de dispositivos
inteligentes, a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar.
O crowdsourcing surge como um processo de obtenção de serviços, ideias ou conteúdos
necessários, aproveitando o conhecimento e competências de indivíduos de uma crowd, tendo
em vista a solução de problemas e criação de ideias inovadoras com o objetivo de melhorar o
desempenho das organizações e/ou comunidades.
Este modelo de colaboração é feito com recurso a plataformas Web colaborativas,
dispositivos móveis inteligentes e software que apoia a expressão da criatividade em
contributos intelectuais com valor comercial. As iniciativas de crowdsourcing têm vindo a
assumir uma importância cada vez maior no apoio prestado às comunidades em situações de
desastre/crise ou perante a ocorrência de um outro evento perturbador, contribuindo para uma
maior resiliência das mesmas. Tendo em conta este facto, este trabalho de dissertação tem por
objetivo explorar o contributo que as várias categorias de crowdsourcing podem
potencialmente oferecer ao reforço da resiliência das comunidades. Através da análise de
casos reais de iniciativas, é sistematizado e proposto um Framework conceptual que permita
compreender o contributo que o crowdsourcing pode oferecer à resiliência das comunidades,
fazendo realçar a forma como as suas categorias podem ser integradas para permitir esse
contributo.The constant evolution of information technologies has led the society in general to use
more and diverse means of communication, increasing the capacity to share information on
the Web by smart devices at any time and any place.
The crowdsourcing emerges as a process of obtaining services, ideas or contents needed,
taking advantage of the knowledge and skills of the individuals of a crowd to solve problems
and create innovative ideas in order to improve the performance of organizations or
communities.
This collaborative model is made by using collaborative Web platforms, smart mobile
devices and software that supports the expression of creativity in intellectual contributions to
business value. The crowdsourcing initiatives have been assuming an increasing importance
in supporting the communities in disaster/crises situations, contributing to greater resilience
of these. Given this fact, this dissertation aims to explore the contribution of the various
crowdsourcing categories which can potentially reinforce community resilience. Through the
analysis of real initiatives cases, it is systematized and proposed a conceptual Framework that
allows to explain the potential contribution of crowdsourcing towards the resilience of
communities, making accentuate the way that the categories can be integrated to allow that
contribution
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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