482 research outputs found
Changes in knee joint angle affect torque steadiness differently in young and older individuals
No full textPurpose: This study investigated the effect of knee joint angle and age on torque steadiness of knee extensors (KE) at varying submaximal isometric contractions.
Methods: 22 young (24.0 ± 2.6 years; 11 women) and 22 older (69.4 ± 2.4 years; 10 women) healthy men and women participated. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the KE and flexors was examined at 90° and 60° of knee flexion (0° = full extension). At each angle, participants performed KE isometric contractions (20%, 50% and 80% MVIC) to evaluate torque steadiness, whereas surface EMG was concurrently acquired from the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris muscles.
Results: Age-related impairment in torque steadiness was observed only at 20% MVIC (p < 0.01). A lower level of steadiness (p < 0.001) with a higher level of agonist and antagonist activations (all p < 0.01) was observed at 90° of knee flexion in comparison with contractions at 60°. Young participants were less steady when performing contractions at 90° compared with contractions at 60° of flexion (p < 0.001), whereas there was no difference for older participants. Furthermore, a significant effect of agonist activation and antagonist co-activation on torque steadiness was observed, but only in young participants (all p < 0.05).
Conclusions: These findings suggest that: (1) knee joint angle affects torque steadiness differently in young and older individuals; (2) an age-related impairment in steadiness was only presented at the lowest considered contraction intensity; and (3) the muscle activation responses were not associated with steadiness in older individuals
Grip strength performance from 9431 participants of the GenoFit study: normative data and associated factors
No full textWeak grip strength is a strong predictor of multiple adverse health outcomes and an integral diagnostic component of sarcopenia. However, the limited availability of normative data for certain populations impedes the interpretation of grip performance across adulthood. This study aimed to establish normative data and low grip strength thresholds in a large adult population, and to examine associations between grip strength and clinically relevant health variables. A total of 9431 adults aged between 18 and 92 years participated in this study (mean age: 44.8 ± 13.4 years; 57% females). Grip strength, body composition, and cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness were assessed using hand dynamometry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and physical work capacity tests, respectively. Low grip strength was established according to criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Normative data and t-scores, stratified by sex and age groups, are presented. Grip performance was associated with lean mass, skeletal muscle index (SMI), fat mass, CR fitness, bone mineral density (BMD), android/gynoid ratio, disease prevalence and physical activity levels (all p < 0.001) after controlling for multiple potential confounders. Individuals with weak grip strength had lower lean mass, SMI, CR fitness (all p < 0.001) and BMD (p = 0.001), and higher disease prevalence (p < 0.001), compared to healthy controls, although sex-specific differences were observed. Grip strength has practical screening utility across a range of health domains. The normative data and grip strength thresholds established in this study can guide the clinical interpretation of grip performance and facilitate timely therapeutic strategies targeting sarcopenia
Evaluation of volunteering satisfaction in Learning Communities [Dataset]
No full textSe presentan los resultados de una investigación en la que han colaborado 255 estudiantes voluntarios de la Universidad de Sevilla que han participado en 29 centros constituidos en comunidades de aprendizaje (CdeA) de la provincia de Sevilla. Este estudio pretende difundir la valoración de la experiencia realizada por los estudiantes durante los cursos 2014/15 a 2020/21, respecto a sus razones para participar, expectativas, autopercepciones, su aprendizaje personal, académico, profesional, social y la valoración global de la experiencia. El voluntariado participa en una actividad susceptible de reconocimiento académico (ASRA), denominada Intervención psicoeducativa en Comunidades de Aprendizaje, de hasta 6 créditos ECTS; en dichos centros participan en actuaciones educativas de éxito como son los grupos interactivos, tertulias, biblioteca tutorizada y acompañamiento o refuerzo educativo. Para la recogida de datos se ha empleado el cuestionario SAVUCdA con 54 ítems categorizados en ocho bloques. Se sigue una metodología cuantitativa, que permiten identificar la evolución de las valoraciones.La tabla de Excel presenta los item del cuestionario en las columnas, indicando al curso al que se refieren y repitiéndolas por cada uno de los cursos en el que se obtuvieron resultados (se repiten los item para facilitar su comprensión y manejo):
- De la columna A a la P: son datos descriptivos de los estudiantes y sus actividades en los centros educativos
- De la columna Q a la BR: Son los 54 item del cuestionario
En cada una de las filas aparecen las respuestas de los 255 alumnos separados por cursos:
- Curso 2014/15: fila 1 a 36
- Curso 2015/16: fila 39 a 83
- Curso 2016/17: fila 86 a 134
- Curso 2017/18: fila 137 a 18
Monitoring sequential treatment of actinic keratosis using post-processed images: Ingenol mebutate and cryosurgery
No full textActinic keratoses (AKs) are atypical proliferations of epithelial skin cells. The risk of progression from AK lesions to SCC is well documented.1 Ingenol Mebutate (IM), a derivative of the plant Euphorbia Peplus, has been used in AK treatment2 both for lesion-directed and field treatment. Cryosurgery is commonly used for lesion-directed treatment. Both treatments are associated with local skin reaction (LSR). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Synthesis and anion binding properties of new dihomooxacalix[4]arene diurea and dithiourea receptors
No full textFunctionalization of the lower rim of p -tert -butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene with two (thio)ureido moieties provided new diurea (n -propyl 5a, tert -butyl 5b and phenyl 5c) and dithiourea (phenyl 5d) derivatives, all in the cone conformation, as shown by NMR studies. The X-ray crystal structure of 5c is reported. The binding ability of these neutral receptors towards a large variety of anions was assessed by 1H NMR titrations. The structures and complexation energies of some complexes were also studied using DFT methods. The data showed that, in general, the association constants decrease with decrease of anion basicity and they are strongly dependent on the nature of the substituent at the urea moiety. Phenyl-(thio)urea derivatives 5c and 5d are the best anion receptors, showing the strongest complexation for F− (log K ass=2.70 and 2.75, respectively) and also for the oxoanions AcO−, BzO− and −H24POH2PO4−. These results were corroborated by DFT calculations
Internet and citizenship: the incentive for political debate through fact-checking journalism: the Truco!’s project case
No full textA dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a produção e divulgação de informação política na plataforma digital “Truco!”, um projeto de fact-checking da Agência Pública desenvolvido para as eleições de 2014, além de identificar e averiguar o debate político ocorrido por meio da iniciativa. A metodologia adotada é baseada no conceito de política em rede do autor Manuel Castells. A técnica metodológica consistiu na elaboração de indicadores para a coleta de dados primários, definidos a partir de uma análise piloto e da identificação de padrões de interação relacionados à proposta inicial da pesquisa. Os resultados permitem identificar um trabalho de jornalismo investigativo qualitativo, além da presença de atividades de colaboração e participação política, o que aponta à concepção de que a internet contém elementos para contribuir com a formação para a cidadaniaThis dissertation aims to analyze the political information produced and disseminated by the digital platform “Truco!”, which is Agência Pública’s fact-checking project developed for the 2014 election in order to identify and ascertain the political debate taking place. The methodology adopted is based on the network policy concept of the author Manuel Castells, and consists of an elaboration for primary data collection, defined from the interactions and linked to the initial proposal of this research. The results recognize qualitative investigative journalism work with political participation activities, and it’s possible to relate them to the idea that the internet has elements to contribute to citizen educationCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPE
Por uma bioética laica e sistêmica a partir do domínio linguístico proposto por Maturana
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2011Inicialmente o trabalho se dedica a provar a inversão do cogito cartesiano e a fragilidade da aplicação do método cartesiano, para em um segundo momento discutir a bioética, mais precisamente os princípios bioéticos expostos na obra de Beauchamp e Childress, procurando evidenciar o conteúdo e o discurso envolvido na construção de cada um dos princípios. A pesquisa propõe ainda uma análise das influências das instituições religiosas e do pensamento eclesiástico na construção dos discursos bioéticos, para por fim, explorar na obra de Maturana uma possibilidade de unificação dos discursos bioéticos, utilizando-se para tanto, dos conceitos de autopoiése, acoplamento estrutural, ontogenia e outros como o do domínio linguístico na qual a proposta da pesquisa se funda ao propor um domínio linguístico próprio a bioética.Initially, the work is dedicated to prove the inversion of the Cartesian cogito and the fragility of implementation of the Cartesian method, at a second time to discuss bioethics, specifically bioethical principles exposed in the work of Beauchamp and Chilress, trying to show the content and discourse involved in construction of each principle. The research also proposes an analysis of the influences of religious institutions and ecclesiastical thinking in the construction of bioethical discourse, to finally, explore in the Maturana#s work one possibility of unification of bioethical discourse, using for this purpose, the concept of autopoiesis, coupling structure, ontogeny and others such as the linguistic field in which the research proposal is founded by proposing a linguistic field of bioethics itself
Análisis de la Transversal de Educación para la Salud en el Software Educativo Multimedia
No full textUsing the R Package crlmm for Genotyping and Copy Number Estimation
No full textGenotyping platforms such as Affymetrix can be used to assess genotype-phenotype as well as copy number-phenotype associations at millions of markers. While genotyping algorithms are largely concordant when assessed on HapMap samples, tools to assess copy number changes are more variable and often discordant. One explanation for the discordance is that copy number estimates are susceptible to systematic differences between groups of samples that were processed at different times or by different labs. Analysis algorithms that do not adjust for batch effects are prone to spurious measures of association. The R package crlmm implements a multilevel model that adjusts for batch effects and provides allele-specific estimates of copy number. This paper illustrates a workflow for the estimation of allele-specific copy number and integration of the marker-level estimates with complimentary Bioconductor software for inferring regions of copy number gain or loss. All analyses are performed in the statistical environment R.
Surveillance capitalism, neoliberalism and subjectivity
No full textEsta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar as relações entre capitalismo de vigilância e neoliberalismo na produção de subjetividades. O estudo tem como base o livro A era do capitalismo de vigilância, de Shoshana Zuboff, no qual a autora busca esmiuçar a complexa e multifacetada relação das plataformas com os interesses econômicos neoliberais. Ela ainda pontua que a privacidade dos usuários é sistematicamente atacada pelas empresas, já que elas dependem de uma quantidade massiva de dados digitais para serem capazes de predizer o comportamento deles online. Por fim, a pesquisa foi capaz de ponderar sobre as diversas consequências da predominância das big tech na sociedade contemporânea, tais como discurso de ódio online, enfraquecimento dos valores democrático e doenças psicológicasThis dissertation aimed to analyze the relationship between surveillance capitalism and neoliberalism in the production of subjectivities. The study is based on the book The Age of Surveillance Capitalism, by Shoshana Zuboff, in which the author seeks to scrutinize the complex and multifaceted relationship between platforms and neoliberal economic interests. She also points out that the privacy of users is systematically attacked by companies, as they depend on a massive amount of digital data to be able to predict their behavior online. Finally, the research was able to consider the various consequences of the predominance of big tech in contemporary society, such as online hate speech, weakening of democratic values and psychological illnesses.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNP
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