26 research outputs found
Méthodes numériques lagrangiennes pour l’hydrodynamique radiative multi-matériaux
No full textThis work aims at improving the understanding and development of Lagrangian numerical methods for multi-material radiation hydrodynamics. In this context, robustness, accuracy and computational cost of numerical schemes are a major challenge.Several aspects of multi-material flows and their discretization are studied. They include, among others, comparison between the equal-pressure and equal-strain assumptions; discrete multi-material radiation transport; stiff couplings inside three-temperature systems and their implicit time integration; multi-velocity aspects in the context of a ``Multi-Lagrange + Remapping'' strategy; numerical treatment of non-conservative products. These topics are treated in three separate chapters but multi-temperature multi-material shocks remain a major theme throughout. Their specification and robust approximation is guaranteed by a proper control of the numerical dissipation between the different materials. A fourth and last chapter is devoted to this very same issue while adopting a more academic-oriented approach. Shocks are there defined with the so-called path theory and their approximation requires adequate numerical strategies.Ce travail a pour objectif d'améliorer la compréhension et le développement des méthodes numériques lagrangiennes utilisées pour l'hydrodynamique radiative multi-matériaux. Dans ce contexte, la robustesse, la précision et les coûts de calcul des schémas numériques pour la résolution de ce modèle constituent un enjeu majeur.Différents aspects des écoulements multi-matériaux et de leur discrétisation sont étudiés. Ceux-ci incluent notamment la comparaison des équations iso-pression et iso-déformation; la discrétisation multi-matériaux du transport radiatif; les couplages raides des systèmes à trois températures et leur implicitation; les aspects multi-vitesse au sein d'une stratégie de « Multi-Lagrange + Projection »; le traitement numériques des produits non-conservatifs. Dans ces différentes études qui s'étalent sur trois chapitres différents, les chocs multi-matériaux et multi-températures sont un intérêt majeur. Leur spécification et leur approximation robuste se fait grâce à un contrôle de la dissipation numérique entre les différents matériaux. Un quatrième et dernier chapitre traite cette même problématique sous un angle plus académique. Les produits non-conservatifs sont définis à l'aide de la notion de chemin et ce formalisme nécessite une stratégie numérique cohérente
Méthodes numériques lagrangiennes pour l’hydrodynamique radiative multi-matériaux
No full textThis work aims at improving the understanding and development of Lagrangian numerical methods for multi-material radiation hydrodynamics. In this context, robustness, accuracy and computational cost of numerical schemes are a major challenge.Several aspects of multi-material flows and their discretization are studied. They include, among others, comparison between the equal-pressure and equal-strain assumptions; discrete multi-material radiation transport; stiff couplings inside three-temperature systems and their implicit time integration; multi-velocity aspects in the context of a ``Multi-Lagrange + Remapping'' strategy; numerical treatment of non-conservative products. These topics are treated in three separate chapters but multi-temperature multi-material shocks remain a major theme throughout. Their specification and robust approximation is guaranteed by a proper control of the numerical dissipation between the different materials. A fourth and last chapter is devoted to this very same issue while adopting a more academic-oriented approach. Shocks are there defined with the so-called path theory and their approximation requires adequate numerical strategies.Ce travail a pour objectif d'améliorer la compréhension et le développement des méthodes numériques lagrangiennes utilisées pour l'hydrodynamique radiative multi-matériaux. Dans ce contexte, la robustesse, la précision et les coûts de calcul des schémas numériques pour la résolution de ce modèle constituent un enjeu majeur.Différents aspects des écoulements multi-matériaux et de leur discrétisation sont étudiés. Ceux-ci incluent notamment la comparaison des équations iso-pression et iso-déformation; la discrétisation multi-matériaux du transport radiatif; les couplages raides des systèmes à trois températures et leur implicitation; les aspects multi-vitesse au sein d'une stratégie de « Multi-Lagrange + Projection »; le traitement numériques des produits non-conservatifs. Dans ces différentes études qui s'étalent sur trois chapitres différents, les chocs multi-matériaux et multi-températures sont un intérêt majeur. Leur spécification et leur approximation robuste se fait grâce à un contrôle de la dissipation numérique entre les différents matériaux. Un quatrième et dernier chapitre traite cette même problématique sous un angle plus académique. Les produits non-conservatifs sont définis à l'aide de la notion de chemin et ce formalisme nécessite une stratégie numérique cohérente
Author Correction: Advancing tuna catch allocation negotiations: an analysis of sovereign rights and fisheries access arrangements
No full textRAMÓN Society Ltd. Consumption and creation in the aesthetics of Ramón Gómez de la Serna.
No full textThis article will study the creative process of Ramón Gómez de la Serna taking into account the intertwining of the practices of consumption and production of the capitalist system and the literary practices and aesthetic conceptions of this author. Our analysis proposes how Gómez de la Serna understands the mechanisms at play in the marxists analysis of the fetishism of the commodity as aesthetic tools for the creation of literary images. As an extension of this approach and taking as a departing point the analysis of the two editions of El rastro (1914 and 1931), our exploration will cover the creative role of Gómez de la Serna’s own understanding of the nature of his books as commodities.Peer reviewe
Advancing tuna catch allocation negotiations: an analysis of sovereign rights and fisheries access arrangements
No full textRegional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) determine conservation measures for transboundary fsheries resources. They are also a forum for collective action toward the management of marine resources. One of the most complex and controversial aspects of this process is the allocation of catches between RFMO members. There are a variety of processes that can be used for catch allocation. In recent years, there has been a trend in some RFMOs towards establishing a system of criteria or indicators to determine the volume or percentage of catch that should be allocated to each RFMO member. Establishing such a system is challenging and the position of countries negotiating at RFMOs is also shaped by fisheries access arrangements. The debate on allocation has been ongoing at the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission for more than a decade, where one key point of disagreement is the treatment of historical catch taken in the waters of a coastal State. On the one hand, coastal states claim that catches historically taken in their exclusive economic zones (EEZ) should be attributed to them based on their sovereign rights over living resources. On the other, some fishing countries from outside the region claim catch history based on fishing conducted in the coastal State’s waters pursuant to access agreements. We analysed UNCLOS articles, publicly available fisheries access agreements, and national legislation to unpack the linkage between fisheries access arrangements and catch allocation discussions, and we also explored examples from other regions and RFMOs. We point out that the sovereign rights of coastal states over their EEZ provide a strong basis for allocation negotiations. In the absence of specific agreements to the contrary, any catch history that arises from foreign vessels fishing inside the EEZ should be attributed to the coastal State. We also argue that it is time for members of RFMOs—and especially of the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission—to move beyond the historical catch debate. They need to resolve their differences or consider other ways to allocate participatory rights in shared fisheries
Numerical analysis on the elastic deformation of the tools in sheet metal forming processes
No full textThe forming tools are commonly assumed as rigid in the finite element simulation of sheet metal forming
processes. This assumption allows to simplify the numerical model and, subsequently, reduce the
required computational cost. Nevertheless, the elastic deformation of the tools can influence considerably
the material flow, specifically the distribution of the blank-holder pressure over the flange area. This
study presents the finite element analysis of the reverse deep drawing of a cylindrical cup, where the
forming tools are modelled either as rigid or as deformable bodies. Additionally, the numerical results
are compared with the experimental ones, in order to assess the accuracy of the proposed finite element
model. Considering the elastic deformation of the tools, the numerical results are in better agreement
with the experimental measurements, namely the cup wall thickness distribution. On the other hand, the
computational time of the simulation increases significantly in comparison with the classical approach
(rigid tools).The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of
the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
under projects with reference UID/EMS/00285/2013, P2020-
PTDC/EMS-TEC/0702/2014 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016779) and
P2020-PTDC/EMS-TEC/6400/2014 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016876)
by UE/FEDER through the program COMPETE2020. The first
author is also grateful to the FCT for the Postdoctoral grant
SFRH/BPD/101334/2014.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Hospital Readmissions After Urological Surgical Procedures in France: A Nationwide Cohort Study over 3 Years
No full textMP42-14 ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOMES BETWEEN CYSTIC AND SOLID RENAL TUMORS AFTER PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY: A MULTICENTRIC STUDY
No full textAdvancing tuna catch allocation negotiations: an analysis of sovereign rights and fisheries access arrangements
No full textRegional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) determine conservation measures for transboundary fisheries resources. They are also a forum for collective action toward the management of marine resources. One of the most complex and controversial aspects of this process is the allocation of catches between RFMO members. There are a variety of processes that can be used for catch allocation. In recent years, there has been a trend in some RFMOs towards establishing a system of criteria or indicators to determine the volume or percentage of catch that should be allocated to each RFMO member. Establishing such a system is challenging and the position of countries negotiating at RFMOs is also shaped by fisheries access arrangements. The debate on allocation has been ongoing at the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission for more than a decade, where one key point of disagreement is the treatment of historical catch taken in the waters of a coastal State. On the one hand, coastal states claim that catches historically taken in their exclusive economic zones (EEZ) should be attributed to them based on their sovereign rights over living resources. On the other, some fishing countries from outside the region claim catch history based on fishing conducted in the coastal State’s waters pursuant to access agreements. We analysed UNCLOS articles, publicly available fisheries access agreements, and national legislation to unpack the linkage between fisheries access arrangements and catch allocation discussions, and we also explored examples from other regions and RFMOs. We point out that the sovereign rights of coastal states over their EEZ provide a strong basis for allocation negotiations. In the absence of specific agreements to the contrary, any catch history that arises from foreign vessels fishing inside the EEZ should be attributed to the coastal State. We also argue that it is time for members of RFMOs—and especially of the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission—to move beyond the historical catch debate. They need to resolve their differences or consider other ways to allocate participatory rights in shared fisheries.</p
Exploiting the phenol-explorer 2.0 database to analyze and characterize the polyphenol metabolome
No full textPresenting author: J.A. Rothwell We gratefully acknowledge Danone Research, the French National Institute of Cancer and the University of Barcelona for financing the project.Presenting author: J.A. Rothwell We gratefully acknowledge Danone Research, the French National Institute of Cancer and the University of Barcelona for financing the project.Phenol-Explorer is an open-access web database on polyphenols, a major group ofphytochemicals abundant in plant foods. Version 2.0 of the database was released in late 2011 andincludes comprehensive qualitative and quantitative data on the ‘polyphenol metabolome’ (i.e. allmetabolites derived from the over 500 polyphenols known in foods) in humans and experimentalanimals. Such databases are necessary for the screening of metabolomic profiles and theidentification of potential biomarkers of food consumption. The aim of this study was to analysethese new data to characterize and visualize the polyphenol metabolome. The update wasimplemented by the compilation of data on 383 polyphenol metabolites from 221 originalintervention studies. Research articles were first screened for suitability using pre-defined criteriaand then entered into a relational database via Microsoft Access. The polyphenol metabolome wasthen analyzed via a series of database queries and open-source visualization software. Data weremainly obtained in human and rat models, and profiles of metabolites were similar between thesespecies. The highest Cmax values (maximum plasma concentration) were found in rats, as higherdoses of pure polyphenols could be administered, although in both species, administration of purepolyphenols or polyphenol supplements led to much higher plasma concentrations thanadministration of foods. Conversely, Tmax (time to reach Cmax) was species-dependent and alwaysshorter in the rat. Additionally, the ensemble of all studies administering pure compounds to humansand animals allowed an insight into precursor-metabolite specificity. 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid,catechin and epicatechin gave rise to the broadest range of metabolites, while hippuric, ferulic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, dihydrocaffeic and vanillic acids were the metabolites derived from the largestnumber of precursors. Knowledge of polyphenol metabolism is crucial to understanding their in vivobioactivities and the polyphenol metabolome is an important component of the information-richfood metabolome, which encompasses all metabolites derived from exposure to the diet.We gratefully acknowledge Danone Research, the French National Institute of Cancer and theUniversity of Barcelona for financing the project
