15 research outputs found
Mejor hablar de crisis ecosocial
No full textThe article is a thorough review of the current situation of the ecosocial crisis, where it examines its historical, systemic,
translimiting, transformative and inflectional nature of this crisis. The author makes a heartfelt appeal to social response and to carry out
ecosocial transitions.El artículo es un repaso concienzudo de la actual situación de la crisis ecosocial, donde examina su carácter histórico, sistémico, translimitador, transformativo y de inflexión de esta crisis. El autor realiza un llamamiento sentido a la respuesta social y llevar
a cabo las transiciones ecosociales
Voz territorial, despojo y resistencia a la expansión del extractivismo carbonífero en el sur de La Guajira
No full textVoice, as an expression of individuality, serves as a powerful political tool, embodying identity and agency in communication with the surrounding environment. However, it is also vulnerable to suppression by dominant forces. Drawing on Adriana Cavarero’s political philosophy of voice and Jacques Rancière’s concept of the distribution of the sensible, this article explores the erosion of territorial voice as a precursor to the dispossession inherent in extractivist projects. These projects target lands inhabited by deeply rooted communities whose existence is intertwined with their autopoietic relationship to their territories. This study is based on participant observation and in-depth interviews conducted between 2023 and 2024 with members of communities affected by coal mining in La Guajira. These include the displaced peoples of Roche, Chancleta, Patilla, and Tabaco, as well as the community of Cañaverales, which inhabits land designated for a new coal mine. The expansion of coal extractivism in southern La Guajira demonstrates how the dispossession of territorial voice is a defining feature of totalitarian extractivist regimes. Such regimes suppress individuality expressed through voice, imposing homogenization, obscurity, and impoverishment on human experience. Extractivism systematically ignores territorial voices, enforcing its dominance by silencing them. Genuine engagement with the unique voices of rooted communities requires a sensitive openness—a readiness to be affected by and resonate with their sounds, stories, and singular expressions of historical becoming. This article offers an original contribution by framing voice as a metaphysical category that captures the intimate bond between a people and their territory. It also sheds light on the metaphysical struggles waged against the relentless advance of extractivism
Lugares amados, lugares sombra: éticas y estéticas en tiempos de transición
No full textCañaverales, a community in southern La Guajira (Colombia), is at risk of becoming a shadow place, much like other villages that have vanished due to open-pit coal mining. These towns, disconnected from the national energy grid, have maintained close relationships with natural energy sources—such as the sun, wind, water, and food—despite the lifestyle changes brought by the use of fossil fuels. These connections, however, are steadily eroded by the encroachment of modernity. The disappearance of these traditional energy practices is a profound paradox: at a moment when the urgency to cease burning fossil fuels is clearer than ever, coal mining erases age-old energy practices that have thrived in simplicity, small scale, and ethical harmony with the land. This article explores this paradox through the lens of beloved places and shadow places. Cañaverales represents thousands of communities across the Global South that have sustained relationships of care, awe, reciprocity, and attunement with their territories—what we call beloved places. These communities resist being reduced to mere suppliers of renewable or fossil energy for distant regions, becoming instead shadow places. The extraction of coal from Cañaverales symbolizes the erasure and forced disappearance of these deep-rooted relationships with energy, transforming their ethics and aesthetics into memory and haunting specters of what once was
Artes de canto (1492-1626) y mujeres en la cultura musical del mundo ibérico renacentista
No full text[spa] Esta Tesis Doctoral explora la cultura musical del mundo ibérico renacentista a través del estudio de artes de canto en lengua vernácula impresas entre 1492 y 1626 y de su relación con las mujeres de la época. La Tesis consta de siete capítulos, estructurados en dos partes (Vol. I), y de veinte apéndices (Vol. II). La primera parte (Capítulos I al IV) muestra que las características por las que estos libros que contenían los rudimentos de la música han sido infravalorados hasta ahora por la historiografía musical son precisamente las mismas que demuestran que respondían a una necesidad pedagógica y a la demanda de manuales asequibles, breves y prácticos por parte de un amplio mercado. Las artes de canto se imprimieron en tiradas de miles de ejemplares y eran vendidas a bajo precio, tuvieron una enorme circulación en la Península Ibérica y el Nuevo Mundo, y contribuyeron al incremento y la difusión de la educación musical en contextos educativos diferenciados (la iglesia, la universidad y el ámbito privado), así como entre grupos sociales hasta entonces excluidos del aprendizaje de los fundamentos de la música. El Arte de canto llano (Sevilla, 1530) de Juan Martínez emerge como el tratado de música del mundo hispánico más difundido geográfica y cronológicamente en el siglo XVI e inicios del XVII, pero del que casi nada se sabía. En la segunda parte (Capítulos V al VII), las conexiones entre estos libros de música y mujeres muestran que las áreas de superposición entre lo privado y lo público y entre lo oral y lo escrito permiten desafiar la invisibilidad de las mujeres en documentos históricos y vislumbrar trazas no sólo de la cultura musical de las mujeres de la época, sino también de la importancia de la música en la vida cotidiana. Se utiliza una diversidad de fuentes (artes de canto, libros de conducta, documentos inquisitoriales, literatura, correspondencia e inventarios de bienes, entre otras), a través de las cuales se ha podido documentar la relación con la música de, entre otras, Catalina de Zúñiga, VI Condesa de Lemos, Isabel de Plazaola, e Isabel de Aragón, IV Duquesa del Infantado. Empleando metodologías de la musicología tradicional junto a otras tomadas de los historiadores del libro y de la cultura popular, esta Tesis Doctoral presenta una panorámica de la vida musical de la época a través del prisma de doble alteridad que supone el estudio de las artes de canto, generalmente consideradas carentes de interés, y de su relación con las mujeres, insuficientemente representadas en la historiografía musical.[eng] This dissertation explores the musical culture of the Renaissance Iberian world through both the study of small-format treatises in the vernacular containing the rudiments of music –known as artes de canto– printed between 1492 and 1626, and the nexuses between them and women. The dissertation consists of seven chapters, structured into two parts (Volume I), and twenty appendixes (Volume II). Part I (Chapters I to IV) shows that the arte de canto, until now generally overlooked or undervalued in music historiography, was produced in print runs of thousands of copies and sold for a low price; it had a broad circulation in the Iberian Peninsula and the New World, contributing to the spread of musical literacy in distinct didactic contexts (churches, universities, private settings) and among social groups until then excluded from learning the rudiments of music. The little known Juan Martínez’s Arte de canto llano (Seville, 1530) emerges as the most circulated music book in the Hispanic world during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The aim of Part II (Chapters V to VII) is to approach the musical life of the sixteenth-century Iberian world through the exploration of women’s contributions, thus broadening the field of historical research. The study of some connections between music books and women shows that the points of overlap between the private and the public spheres, on the one hand, and the written and the oral music transmission, on the other hand, not only make women’s musical practices visible, but also offer new vistas on the popular culture of the age. Through a variety of source materials (artes de canto, conduct manuals, Inquisition records, literature, letters and inventories of goods, among others) it has been possible to document the musical activities of women such as Catalina de Zúñiga, VI Countess of Lemos, Isabel de Plazaola, and Isabel de Aragón, IV Duchess of the Infantado. Combining methodologies from traditional musicology with those borrowed from book history and popular culture, this dissertation analyzes music in the culture of the Renaissance Iberian world through the prism of double Otherness involved in studying the ‘other’ music books –that is the undervalued artes de canto– and their connections to women of that period
Spain and the First World War : neutrality and crisis.
No full textPhDThe subject of this thesis is a study of Spain during
the First World War. The Spanish case is analyzed as the regional
version of the general crisis which engulfed the rest of Europe
during these years. This crisis was produced by the ideological
militancy and social struggle caused by four years of
devastating international conflict. It heralded the arrival of
mass politics which put an end to a previous era marked by
hierarchical and clientelist politics.
This thesis examines how the maintenance of strict
neutrality did not save the existing regime in Spain from the
impact of the conflict raging in Europe. Spain did not enter the
war but the war entered the country and, ironically, a conflict
in which Spain did not take part was to alter its contemporary
history.
The analysis explores the gradual disintegration of the
foundations of the ruling system, the Liberal Monarchy restored
in December 1874, during and as a consequence of the First World
War. Considerable attention is paid to the impact and importance
of the war in producing the decay of the Liberal Monarchy. This
process is examined at two levels: the political polarization and
subsequent division of the country which was provoked by the
debate about belligerence or neutrality, and the social and
economic transformations that Spain underwent as consequence a
of its privileged position as a supplier to both sides. The
result was galloping inflation, widespread social discontent and political turmoil. Under these pressures, the hegemonic system,
based on electoral falsification, widespread patronage and mass
apathy, collapsed and gave way to an inexorable process of
growing working class and right-wing militancy which led to the
military coup of 1923
Carbohydrate and amino acid dynamics during grain growth in four temperate cereals under well-watered and water-limited regimes
No full textGrain development in cereals depends on synthesis and remobilisation compounds such as water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), amino acids (AAs), minerals and environmental conditions during pre-and post-anthesis. This study analyses the impact of water stress on metabolite (WSCs, AAs and nitrogen) dynamics between the source (leaves and stems) and sink (grain) organs in triticale, bread wheat, durum wheat and barley. Plants were grown in glasshouse conditions under well-watered (WW) and water-limited (WL) regimes (from flag leaf fully expanded until maturity). The results showed that the stem WSC content and the apparent mobilisation of WSC to the grain were much higher in triticale and were associated with its larger grain size and grain number. In the four cereals, grain weight and the number of kernels per spike were positively associated with stem WSC mobilisation. After anthesis, the AA concentration in leaves was much lower than in the grain. In grain, the main AAs in terms of concentration were Asn, Pro and Gln in triticale, bread, and durum wheat, and Asn, Pro and Val in barley. The water-limited regime reduced grain weight per plant in the four cereal species, but it had no clear effects on WSC content and AAs in leaves and grain. In general, triticale was less affected by WL than the other cereals.The first author (A.M.M.-E.) was supported by FONDECYT Postdoc 3160687. The research
was funded by the grants, FONDECYT N 1150353 and 118025
Migraciones mayas y yucatecas a Cuba. Dimensión Antropológica Vol. 59 Año 20 (2013) septiembre-diciembre
No full textArchivo General del Estado de Yucatán (AGEY), Mérida.
Archivo General de Indias (AGI), Sevilla.
Archivo Histórico de Relaciones Exteriores (AHRE), México, D.F.Allen, Rose M., “Emigración laboral de Curazao a Cuba a principios del Siglo XX: una experiencia”, en Revista Mexicana del Caribe, año V, núm. 9, 2000, pp. 40-103.Argüelles Espinosa, Luis Ángel, Temas cubano-mexicanos, México, UNAM, 1989.Betancourt Pérez, Antonio y José Luis Sierra Villarreal, Yucatán, una historia compartida, México, SEP/Instituto Mora/Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, 1989.Del Val, José, “México y el Caribe (el ocaso de las identidades nacionales)”, en Cultura del Caribe, núm. 18, 1988, pp. 197-205.De la Serna, Juan Manuel, “Migración y cultura en el Caribe”, en Cultura del Caribe, núm. 18, 1988, pp. 185-196.De la Torre, José María, Lo que fuimos y lo que somos o La Habana antigua y moderna, La Habana, Imprenta de Spencer y Cía., 1857.De las Casas, fray Bartolomé, Historia de las Indias, 2 vols., México, FCE, 1986.Dollero, Adolfo, Cultura Cubana (Cuban Culture), La Habana, Imprenta El Siglo XX de Aurelio Miranda, 1916.García Álvarez, Alejandro, “Traficantes en el Golfo”, en Revista de Historia Social, núm. 17, otoño de 1993, pp. 33-46.González Navarro, Moisés, Raza y tierra. La guerra de castas y el henequén, México, El Colegio de México, 1979.James Figarola, Joel, “Sociedad y nación en el Caribe”, en Cultura del Caribe, núm. 18, 1988, pp. 125-146.La Rosa Corzo, Gabino, Los cimarrones de Cuba, La Habana, Ciencias Sociales, 1988.Le Riverend, Julio, La Habana, biografía de una provincia, La Habana, Imprenta El Siglo XX , 1960.Lugo Romera, Karen Mahé y Sonia Menéndez Castro, Barrio de Campeche: tres estudios arqueológicos, La Habana, Fundación Fernando Ortiz, 2003.Maríñez, Pablo, “Problemas de identidad cultural en el Caribe”, en Cultura del Caribe, núm. 18, 1988, pp. 330-338.Millet, José y Julio Corbea, “Presencia haitiana en el oriente de Cuba”, en
Cultura del Caribe, año 3, núm. 10, 1987, pp. 72-79.Mintz, Sydney W., Sabor a comida, sabor a libertad, México, Conaculta/La Reina Roja/CIESAS (La Falsa Tortuga), 2003.Moreno Fraginals, Manuel, El ingenio. Complejo económico social cubano del azúcar, La Habana, Ciencias Sociales, 1978.____________, “En torno a la identidad cultural en el Caribe insular”, en Casa de las Américas, núm. 118, enero-febrero de 1980, pp. 42-47.____________, “Peculiaridades de la esclavitud en Cuba”, en Cultura del Caribe, año 4, núm. 8, 1987, pp. 4-10.Novelo, Victoria, Yucatecos en Cuba: etnografía de una migración, México, CIESAS (Publicaciones de la Casa Chata)/Instituto de Cultura de
Yucatán, 2009.Pichardo, Esteban, Diccionario Provincial casi razonado de vozes y frases cubanas..., La Habana, Selecta, 1953.Rodríguez Piña, Francisco Javier, “Guerra de castas y azúcar: el comercio de indígenas mayas con Cuba (1848-1861)”, tesis de licenciatura en Estudios Latinoamericanos, FFYL-UNAM, 1987.Romero Estébanez, Leandro, “Sobre las evidencias arqueológicas de contacto y transculturación en el ámbito cubano”, en Revista Santiago, núm. 44, 1981, pp. 71-105.Sarusky, Jaime, Los fantasmas de Omaja, La Habana, UNEAC, 1986.Sosa Rodríguez, Enrique, Carlos E. Bojórquez Urzaiz y Luis Millet Cámara,
Habanero campechano, Mérida, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, 1991.Valdez Bernal, Sergio, “Sobre los indoamericanismos no aruacos en el español de Cuba”, en Anuario L/L, núm. 5, 1974.Winocur, Marcos, Historia social de la Revolución cubana (1952-1959), las clases olvidadas en el análisis histórico, 2ª. ed., México, Facultad de Economía-UNAM, 1989.La migración yucateca a la isla de Cuba, libre y forzada aunque menor numéricamente, si la comparamos con migraciones de otras nacionalidades, tiene la característica de un movimiento continuo que arranca desde la época colonial y termina en 1959. Esa presencia yucateca en Cuba se tradujo en la construcción de una tradición cultural, varias veces reinventada pero con sellos distinguibles de identidad, como experiencias y modos de vida que migraron, se adaptaron y se arraigaron para dejar su huella en la tierra a la que fueron
Time-lapse cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography (CHERT) for monitoring seawater intrusion dynamics in a Mediterranean aquifer
No full textSurface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a widely used tool to study seawater intrusion (SWI). It is noninvasive and offers a high spatial coverage at a low cost, but it is strongly affected by decreasing resolution with depth. We conjecture that the use of CHERT (cross-hole ERT) can partly overcome these resolution limitations since the electrodes are placed at depth, which implies that the model resolution does not decrease in the zone of interest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the CHERT for imaging the SWI and monitoring its dynamics at the Argentona site, a well-instrumented field site of a coastal alluvial aquifer located 40 km NE of Barcelona. To do so, we installed permanent electrodes around boreholes attached to the PVC pipes to perform time-lapse monitoring of the SWI on a transect perpendicular to the coastline. After two years of monitoring, we observe variability of SWI at different time scales: (1) natural seasonal variations and aquifer salinization that we attribute to long-term drought and (2) short-term fluctuations due to sea storms or flooding in the nearby stream during heavy rain events. The spatial imaging of bulk electrical conductivity allows us to explain non-trivial salinity profiles in open boreholes (step-wise profiles really reflect the presence of fresh water at depth). By comparing CHERT results with traditional in situ measurements such as electrical conductivity of water samples and bulk electrical conductivity from induction logs, we conclude that CHERT is a reliable and cost-effective imaging tool for monitoring SWI dynamics.This work was funded by the project CGL2016-77122-C2-1-R/2-R of the Spanish Government.We would like to thank SIMMAR (Serveis Integrals de Manteniment del Maresme) and the Consell Comarcal del Maresme in the construction of the research site. This project also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant 480 Agreement No 722028. Author Albert Folch is a “Serra-Húnter Fellow”.Peer reviewe
A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach to the Assessment of Natural Parks’ Economic Efficiency and Sustainability. The Case of Italian National Parks
No full textWilderness protection is a growing necessity for modern societies, and this is particularly true for areas where population density is extremely high, as for example Europe. Conservation, however, implies very high opportunity costs. It is thus crucial to create incentives to efficient management practices, to promote benchmarking and to improve conservation management. In the present paper we propose a methodology based on Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA, a non parametric benchmarking technique specifically developed to assess the relative efficiency of decision-making units. In particular, the objective of the discussed methodology is to assess the relative efficiency of the management units of the protected area and to indicate how it could be improved, by providing a set of guidelines. The main advantage of this methodology is that it allows to assess the efficiency of natural parks’ management not only internally (comparing the performance of the park to itself in time) but also by external benchmarking, thus providing new and different perspectives on potential improvements. Although the proposed methodology is fairly general, we have applied it to the context of Italian National Parks in order to produce a representative case study. Specifically, the choice of adequate cost and benefit indicators is a very important and delicate phase of any benchmark analysis. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used to investigate the opinions of Italian National Parks managers and stakeholders and to define the relevant indicators for the analysis. Finally, relevant policy implications for the case study are given.Data envelopment analysis, Natural park management
The Alamedas in Early Modern Spain. Historical Interpretation of an Urban Space.
No full textEl presente trabajo constituye una síntesis historiográfica sobre el origen y el significado histórico y urbanístico que representa el surgimiento y difusión de las alamedas en la España moderna. En él se realiza un exhaustivo recorrido bibliográfico sobre las alamedas más importantes, prestando especial atención a las causas de su creación y la evolución que fueron experimentando a lo largo del periodo de estudio.This work offers an historiographical synthesis about the origin and historical and urbanistic significance represented by the creation and spreading of the alamedas in Early Modern Spain. Through an exhaustive bibliographical survey about the most important alamedas, the author pays special attention to the reasons behind their creation and the evolution that they experimented all along the studied period
