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Penggunaan Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dengan Media Konkret dalam Peningkatan Pembelajaran Matematika tentang Bilangan Bulat di Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Mergosono Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014
Get PDFABSTRAK Tyas Anggoro Putri. PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK (PMR) DENGAN MEDIA KONKRET DALAM PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TENTANG BILANGAN BULAT DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI 2 MERGOSONO TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014. Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Juli 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah penggunaan pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dengan media konkret (2) meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bilangan bulat melalui penggunaan pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) menggunakan media konkret (3) mendeskripsikan kendala dan solusi penggunaan pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dengan media konkret pada pembelajaran matematika tentang bilangan bulat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dan dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus dengan tiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV. Sumber data berasal dari siswa, teman sejawat, guru, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan sumber. Analisis data yang dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data statistik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)Penggunaan pendekatan PMR dengan media konkret sudah dilaksanakan dengan langkah-langkah mengawali pembelajaran dengan masalah nyata, mengidentifikasi konsep matematika yang relevan dengan masalah, meninggalkan masalah dunia nyata melalui proses pemodelan dengan penggunaan alat peraga, menyelesaikan masalah matematika dengan cara anak sendiri melalui diskusi, menterjemahkan kembali solusi matematis ke dalam situasi nyata dengan menarik kesimpulan. (2) Penggunaan pendekatan PMR dengan media konkret dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran bilangan bulat di Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Mergosono Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014 yang ditandai dengan peningkatan tiap siklusnya dari siklus I 78% siklus II 83,97%, dan siklus III 89,43%. Persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa siklus I 65,52%, siklus II 82,76%, dan siklus III 93,10% (3)Kendala yang ditemui adalah (a) belum sepenuhnya siswa terlibat dalam memberikan tanggapan dan kesimpulan, (b) ada siswa yang masih berebut alat peraga, (c) siswa masih perlu bimbingan dalam menunjukkan langkah formal yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan soal berdasarkan pengalaman siswa sendiri. Adapun solusi dari masalah tersebut adalah: (a) mengarahkan siswa untuk menyimpulkan sendiri, (b) kelompok yang tenang dan tertib diberi alat peraga terlebih dahulu, (c) guru lebih menekankan tentang langkah mengidentifikasi konsep matematika yang relevan dengan masalah, lalu mengorganisasi masalah sesuai konsep matematika. Kata kunci: Pendekatan Matematika Realistik, Media Konkret, Bilangan Bulat ABSTRACT Tyas Anggoro Putri. USE OF REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) APPROACH WITH CONCRETE MEDIA IN IMPROVEMENT MATHEMATICS LEARNING ABOUT INTEGERS IN THE FOURTH GRADE OF SD NEGERI 2 MERGOSONO ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014. Thesis, Surakarta: Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta., July 2016. The purpose of this study is (1) describes the steps for using the approach Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) with concrete media (2) improve mathematics learning about integers through the use approach Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) use concrete media (3) describing the challenges and solutions approach to the use of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) with concrete media on math learning about integers. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) and carried out in three cycles with each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects were all students in fourth grade. Source of data derived from students, peers, teachers, and documents. Data collection techniques are observation, interview and test. The validity of the data using triangulation techniques and resources. Data analysis role in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis of statistical data. The results showed: (1) The use of approach RME with concrete media already implemented on started steps learn with real problems, identify the mathematical concepts relevant to the issue, leaving the real-world problems through the modeling process with the use of props, solving mathematical problems in a way children themselves through discussion, translate back the mathematical solution to the real situation to draw conclusions; (2) The use of approach RME with concrete media can improve learning integers for the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Mergosono in the academic year of 2013/2014 is characterized by an increase in each cycle of the first cycle 78% duty cycle II 83.97%, 89.43% and the third cycle. The percentage of completeness Indonesian student learning outcomes cycle I 65.52%, 82.76% second cycle and third cycle of 93.10%; (3) the problems ecountered are (a) not fully engaging students in giving feedback and conclusions, (b) there are students who are still fighting props, (c) the students still need guidance in showing the formal steps necessary to resolve the matter based on the experience of the students themselves. Solutions for these problems are (a) directs the students to draw their own conclusions, (b) a calm and orderly group were given props in advance, (c) teachers put more emphasis on measures to identify the mathematical concepts that are relevant to the issues and problems organizing appropriate mathematical concepts. Keywords: Mathematical Approach Realistic, Concrete Media, Integer
Penggunaan Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dengan Media Konkret dalam Peningkatan Pembelajaran Matematika Tentang Bilangan Bulat Di Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Mergosono
Get PDFAbstract: The use of Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with Concrete Media in Improvement Mathematics Learning About Integers of fourth Grade SD Negeri 2 Mergosono. This study aims: (1) to describe the process of learning, (2) improving the learning of mathematics, and (3) the constraints and solutions. This research was conducted in three cycles, each cycle includes the planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Subjects were students in the fourth grade elementary school with 29 students. Source of data derived from the document, students, and colleagues. The data collection technique is to test, observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data used by the qualitative and quantitative analysis. The percentage of student mastery before action was 24.14%, after the implemented action first cycle increased to 65.52%, the second cycle increased to 82.76% and the third cycle increased to 93,10%. The results show that: realistic mathematics education that approach with concrete media can improve math learning about integers in fourth grade primary schools students. Keywords: mathematical approach realistic, Concrete Media, Integers Abstrak: Penggunaan Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) dengan Media Konkret dalam Peningkatan Pembelajaran Matematika Tentang Bilangan Bulat Di Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Mergosono. Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran, (2) peningkatan pembelajaran matematika, dan (3) kendala dan solusinya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, masing-masing siklus mencakup tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Mergosono dengan 29 siswa. Sumber data berasal dari dokumen dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan tes, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Persentase ketuntasan siswa sebelum tindakan adalah 24,14%, setelah dilaksanakan tindakan siklus I meningkat menjadi 65,52%, siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,76% dan siklus III meningkat kembali menjadi 93,10%. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Pendekatan pendidikan matematika realistik dengan media konkret dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bilangan bulat pada siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Matematika Realistik, Media Konkret, Bilangan Bulat
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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