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Analisis Yuridis Pengurangan Pemidanaan bagi Terdakwa Perempuan pada Kasus Korupsi di Setiap Tingkatan Pengadilan
Full text linkKejahatan korupsi dianggap sebagai pelanggaran yang sangat serius, dan oleh
karena itu, dianggap sebagai tindak pidana khusus yang memiliki peraturan sanksi
pidana yang spesifik. Hukuman terhadap korupsi adalah hasil dari
pertanggungjawaban pidana atas perbuatan tersebut yang dilakukan oleh individu.
Dalam menjatuhkan putusan pemidanaan hakim memperhatikan aspek-aspek
yuridis maupun sosiologis yang akan menentukan minimal hingga maksimum
hukuman atas tindak pidana yang telah dilakukan oleh terdakwa. Penelitian ini
menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan
konseptual (conseptual approach), pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue
approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Temuan dari penelitian ini
mengindikasikan bahwa pertimbangan dasar hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan
pada kasus tindak pidana korupsi. dengan terdakwa perempuan dilatarbelakangi
dengan pertimbangan filosofis, yuridis dan sosiologis terhadap tindak pidana yang
dilakukan oleh terdakwa, sedangkan faktor pengurangan pemidanaan bagi
terdakwa perempuan pada kasus korupsi di setiap tingkatan pengadilan pada
kasus Flora Simbolon dari pengadilan tingkat pertama sampai pengadilan tingkat
kasasi dalam Putusan No. 93/Pid-Sus-TPK/2018/PN Medan; Putusan No. 3/Pid-
Sus-TPK/2019/PT Medan; serta Putusan MA No. 4263/Pid.Sus/2019
dilatarbelakangi oleh pertimbangan spesifik hakim terhadap fakta sosiologis dari
terdakwa perempuan sebagai alasan meringankan sehingga hukuman pemidanaan
bagi terdakwa dikurangi dari hukuman sebelumnya.
Kata kunci : Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Pemidanaan, Perempuan. / Corruption is an extraordinary crime and is therefore categorized as a special
criminal act with its sanctions specifically regulated. The punishment for
corruption is a consequence of criminal accountability for the actions committed
by an individual. In delivering a conviction, the judge takes into consideration
both juridical and sociological aspects that determine the minimum to maximum
punishment for the crime committed by the defendant. This research employs a
normative research method with a conceptual approach and statutory approach,
as well as a case approach. The findings of this research indicate that the judge's
rationale in deciding corruption cases involving female defendants is influenced
by philosophical, juridical, and sociological considerations regarding the crime
committed by the defendant. Meanwhile, the factors leading to a reduction in the
punishment for female defendants in corruption cases at every level of the court,
as observed in the Flora Simbolon case from the first instance court to the
cassation court in Decree No. 93/Pid-Sus-TPK/2018/PN Medan; Decree No.
3/Pid-Sus-TPK/2019/PT Medan; and Supreme Court Decree No.
4263/Pid.Sus/2019, are grounded in the judge's specific considerations of
sociological facts related to the female defendant as mitigating circumstances,
leading to a reduction in the defendant's punishment compared to the previous
sentence.
Keywords: Corruption Crime, Punishment, Woman
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Peran Lembaga Keagamaan dalam Dinamika Sistem Hukum Pidana di Indonesia
Full text linkReligious institutions play a crucial role in shaping Indonesia’s criminal law system. Religious norms, particularly Islamic law, not only serve as a source of moral values but also contribute to the formation of positive legal norms. This study aims to analyze the role of religious institutions in Indonesia’s criminal law system. It employs a juridical-normative method with a qualitative approach, focusing on the analysis of legal texts, religious documents, and relevant scholarly works. Data were collected through literature study, drawing on sacred texts, legislation, religious decrees, and academic journals. The data were analyzed qualitatively through data reduction, data presentation, and inductive conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that religious institutions influence the formation of criminal law principles, such as justice, proportionality, personal responsibility, and humane treatment. The Islamic criminal law system, consisting of hudud, qishas/diyat, ta\u27zir, and makhzurat categories, serves as a selective reference within the national legal system. This study concludes that Indonesia\u27s criminal law system results from a complex adaptation of religious norms, modern law, and social needs. Future research is recommended to explore the role of religious institutions in contemporary criminal policy, such as cybercrime and protection of vulnerable groups, through empirical studies
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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