177,225 research outputs found
Grundrechte als Abwehrrechte : reflexive Regelung rechtlich geordneter Freiheit
No full textRalf Poscher entwickelt eine Theorie und Dogmatik der Grundrechte als Abwehrrechte gegen staatliche Freiheitseingriffe, die das Abwehrrecht trotz seiner konstitutionellen Ursprünge und den dunklen Seiten seiner Geschichte auch für moderne, demokratisch organisierte Gesellschaften freiheits- und staatstheoretisch anschlußfähig macht. Den Schlüssel für eine Fortentwicklung des Abwehrrechts sieht er in der Betonung seiner Reflexivität. Indem das Abwehrrecht das Staat-Bürger-Verhältnis regelt, dient es auch der staatlichen Regelung gesellschaftlicher Konflikte und durchdringt reflexiv die Rechtsbeziehung innerhalb der Gesellschaft. Das hier entfaltete Modell der Grundrechte vermag zu erklären, warum das Abwehrrecht trotz aller theoretischen Kritik weiterhin in der Praxis - auch international - die zentrale Grundrechtsfunktion ausmacht
Acertos, Erros e Equívocos de Autocompreensão da Teoria dos Princípios
Full text linkACERTOS, ERROS E EQUÍVOCOS DE AUTOCOMPREENSÃO DA TEORIA DOS PRINCÍPIOS* EINSICHTEN, IRRTÜMER UND SELBSTMISSVERSTÄNDNIS DER PRINZIPIENTHEORIE INSIGHTS, ERRORS AND SELF-MISCONCEPTIONS OF THE THEORY OF PRINCIPLES Ralf Poscher** RESUMO: A teoria dos princípios é multifacetada. Sua expressão inicial contém um importante argumento contra as teorias positivistas de aplicação do Direito. Como teoria do Direito, ela falha em seu esforço de reivindicar uma diferença estrutural entre regras e princípios. Ela também falha como teoria metodológica que reduz a aplicação jurídica à subsunção e à ponderação. Ela se autocompreende de forma equivocada quando concebida como dogmática especial dos direitos fundamentais. Seu aspecto mais promissor poderia ser sua contribuição para uma teoria da argumentação mais abrangente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teoria dos princípios. Acertos. Equívocos teóricos. Teoria da argumentação jurídica. Teoria da aplicação do Direito. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Die Theorie der Prinzipien ist vielfältig. Ihr ursprünglicher Ausdruck enthielt ein wichtiges Argument gegen die positivistischen Theorien der Rechtsanwendung. Als Rechtstheorie scheitert sie an ihren Bemühungen einen strukturellen Unterschied zwischen Regeln und Prizipien zu erreichen. Sie verfehlt auch als methodische Theorie, die die Rechtsanwendung auf Subsumtion oder Abwägung reduziert. Sie verkennt sich selbst, wenn sie als eine spezielle Dogmatik der Grundrechte konzipiert wird. Ihr viel versprechendster Aspekt könnte ihr Beitrag zu einer umfassenderen Theorie der juristischen Argumentation sein. SCHLÜSSELWÖRTER: Prinzipientheorie. Einsichten. Theoretische Missverständnisse. Theorie der juristischen Argumentation. Theorie der Rechtsanwendung. ABSTRACT: The theory of principles is multifaceted. Its initial expression contained an important argument against positivist theories of adjudication. As a legal theory, it fails in its effort to claim a structural difference between rules and principles. It also fails as a methodological theory that reduces adjudication to subsumption or balancing. It misunderstands itself when it is conceived as a special doctrinal theory of fundamental rights. Its most promising aspect could be its contribution to a more comprehensive theory of legal argumentation. KEYWORDS: Theorie of principles. Insights. Theorethical misconceptions. Theory of Legal Argumentation. Theory of Adjudication.* Publicação original: POSCHER, Ralf. Einsichten, Irrtürmer und Selbstmissverständnis der Prinzipientheorie. (In) SIECKMANN, Jan-R. (Org.) Die Prinzipientheorie der Grundrechte. Studien zur Grundrechtstheorie Robert Alexys. Nomos, 2007. P. 59-79. Traduzido por Pablo Castro Miozzo, doutorando em Direito pela Universidade de Freiburg (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), Alemanha, com autorização do autor.** Professor titular de Direito Público, História Constitucional e Filosofia do Direito, diretor do Departamento de Filosofia do Direito da Universidade de Freiburg (Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), Alemanha. Possui doutorado e livre-docência (Habilitation) em Direito pela Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Alemanha.</jats:p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Principios jurídicos : el debate metodológico entre Robert Alexy y Ralf Poscher
No full textLa discusión sobre la teoría de los principios y el rol que juegan estos en el Derecho ha sido materia de muchas obras, pero pocas veces se ha tratado con la lucidez y claridad que se muestra en los textos reunidos en el presente libro.Los destacados juristas Robert Alexy y Ralf Poscher se embarcan en esta discusión, abordando temas clásicos, pero todavía muy vigentes, tales como la optimización de las normas, la ley de la colisión, el principio de proporcionalidad, la aplicación de las normas, la ley de la ponderación, la teoría de la argumentación, todo ello en relación a los derechos fundamentales.De la lectura de este potente debate, el lector podrá repasar conceptos conocidos, pero a su vez tendrá nuevos elementos sobre el rol de los principios y su importancia para la disciplina jurídica
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Full text linkBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
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