207,720 research outputs found
Simultaneous/selective detection of dopamine and ascorbic acid at synthetic zeolite-modified/graphite-epoxy composite macro/quasi-microelectrodes
No full textThe present paper aims to miniaturize a graphite-epoxy and synthetic
zeolite-modified graphite-epoxy composite macroelectrode as a quasi-microelectrode
aiming in vitro and also, envisaging in vivo simultaneous electrochemical detection of
dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) neurotransmitters, or DA detection in the presence
of AA. The electrochemical behavior and the response of the designed materials to the
presence of dopamine and ascorbic acid without any protective membranes were studied by
cyclic voltammetry and constant-potential amperometry techniques. The catalytic effect
towards dopamine detection was proved for the synthetic zeolite-modified graphite-epoxy
composite quasi-microelectrode, allowing increasing the sensitivity and selectivity for this
analyte detection, besides a possible electrostatic attraction between dopamine cation and
the negative surface of the synthetic zeolite and electrostatic repulsion with ascorbic acid
anion. Also, the synthetic zeolite-modified graphite-epoxy composite quasi-microelectrode
gave the best electroanalytical parameters for dopamine detection using constant-potential
amperometry, the most useful technique for practical applications
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pode e podia: uma proposta semântico-pragmática
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Florianópolis, 2011Este trabalho investiga a semântica de 'pode' e 'podia' no Português Brasileiro (PB) em contextos epistêmicos onde a possibilidade da proposição prejacente é orientada para o futuro (a partir do momento de fala). Com base na proposta de Kratzer (1981, 1991, 2008, 2010) sobre modalidade dependente do contexto, mostraremos que tanto 'pode' quanto 'podia' expressam possibilidade, e suas diferenças se devem à atuação do imperfeito, ausente em 'pode' e presente em 'podia'. Argumentamos que, quando não expressa passado, 'podia' veicula significados não proposicionais captados intuitivamente, como não-factualidade e desejo. A proposta apresentada é que 'pode', onde morfema de imperfeito é ausente, restringe os mundos de avaliação (a base modal, segundo Kratzer) aos mundos mais próximos ao mundo real de acordo com um parâmetro de ordenação. Para usar 'pode' o falante precisa ter evidências que indiquem a factualidade do evento descrito pela prejacente, o que permite expressar uma possibilidade mais objetiva. Já para proferir 'podia' o falante não necessita de evidências que indiquem a factualidade do evento descrito pela prejacente, e então não promove restrição de mundos: o falante considera tanto mundos próximos quanto distantes do mundo real. Dessa falta de evidência, o falante veicula uma possibilidade mais subjetiva, mais característica de uma declaração de opinião do que de uma descrição de mundo. Da falta de evidência do falante ao expressar uma possibilidade, derivam outros significados, como o desejo do falante de que o evento descrito pela prejacente seja fato. Para fundamentar a análise desses significados não proposicionais, recorremos aos trabalhos de Iatridou (2000) sobre contrafactualidade e imperfectividade, Lyons (1977), sobre objetividade e subjetividade, e à proposta mista de Portner (2009), que mescla análise formal com uma visão discursiva inspirada em Stalnaker (1975).This thesis investigates de semantic contribution of 'pode' (third person, present tense of the possibility verb 'poder') and 'podia' (third person, past imperfect tense of the same verb) in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), when both are used in epistemic future oriented contexts. Based on Kratzer's (1981, 1991, 2008, 2010) proposals about context dependent modality, I will show that both 'pode' and 'podia' express possibility. The differences between them are due to the imperfect contribution, which is the case in 'podia' but not in 'pode'. I argue that when the imperfect does not express past tense, it conveys intuitively captured non-propositional meanings, like non-factuality, desire, advice and politeness. The proposal presented here is that 'pode' restricts the worlds of evaluation (modal base) to those closer to the actual world according to a parameter of ordination (ordering source). To use a sentence with 'pode' the speaker must have evidences that support the factuality of the event described by the prejacent proposition, which allows her to express a possibility more objectively. On the other hand, to utter 'podia' the speaker does not need to have evidences to support the factuality of the prejacent, and so, does not restrict the modal base worlds. From this lack of evidence the speaker conveys a more subjective possibility, a declaration of opinion rather a description of the world. When the speaker expresses a possibility with lack of evidence to support it, other meanings can be derived, such as the speaker's desire that the event described by the prejacent sentence becomes true. To substantiate the analysis of the non-propositional meanings intuitively captured I turn to Iatridou's (2000) about imperfective and counterfactuality, Lyons's (1977) work about objectivity and subjectivity, and to the Portner (2009), who combines the formal analysis with a discoursive approach based on Stalnaker (1975
LUMINESCENCE OF AGGREGATE COLOR-CENTERS IN KF
No full textComplex F-aggregate centers were studied in pure and Li+-doped KF, by means of optical excitation. Three new emission bands in the near infrared region were revealed. Among them, the luminescence at 1040 nm was identified as the emission of F3 defects because of its excitation, its peak position and its enhancement under irradiation at room temperature with F light. The luminescences at 950 and at 1250 nm were too weak and could not be unambiguously identified. However, they are probably due to complex F-aggregate centers, like F4 defects
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
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