100 research outputs found
Les manuscrits de Robespierre
Full text linkL’entrée aux AN de 126 pages manuscrites de Robespierre est l’occasion de reprendre un examen critique de l’édition de ses Œuvres par la Société des études robespierristes. Une description codicologique préalable à l’étude des manuscrits, dans une perspective de génétique textuelle (avant-textes, corrections, reprises et remaniements avant publication- ou non ! -, examen des éditions successives) pourra servir à une réévaluation rigoureuse de Robespierre en tant qu’auteur, de ses débuts à son dernier manuscrit, de le voir autrement, et d’éclairer peut-être certaines questions non résolues.The 126 pages of Robespierre’s manuscripts recebtly bought by the National Archives allow us to reexamine the edition of his writings by the Société des études robespierristes.A codicologic description should be done with a genetic history of the manuscripts : drafts, corrections, changes before an eventual publication, successive editions. This could lead to a new appreciation of Robespierre as an author and could shed light on some still unresolved questions
Robespierre sul Danubio. Note sul 'transfert' culturale franco-austriaco in "Robespierre. Ein modernes Epos" di Marie Eugenie delle Grazie
No full textThe present contribution investigates a case of French-Austrian cultural migration, devoting attention to the analysis of the transposition mechanisms adopted by Marie Eugenie delle Grazie during the preparation of her epos "Robespierre" (1894). After a brief presentation of the author and her work, the essay reconstructs the sources and discusses the choice of the literary genre as well as the semantic negotiations that gave birth to Robespierre. All this in order to retrace and properly assess the role played by literature in the making of a founding myth of modernity, which is the French Revolution, in the cosmopolitan context of late nineteenth-century Austria
Robespierre sul Danubio. Note sul 'transfert' culturale franco-austriaco in "Robespierre. Ein modernes Epos" di Marie Eugenie delle Grazie
No full textThis article investigates a case of French-Austrian cultural migration, devoting attention to the analysis of the transposition mechanisms adopted by Marie Eugenie delle Grazie during the preparation of her epos "Robespierre" (1894). After a brief presentation of the author and her work, the essay reconstructs the sources and discusses the choice of the literary genre as well as the semantic negotiations that gave birth to Robespierre. All this in order to retrace and properly assess the role played by literature in the making of a founding myth of modernity, which is the French Revolution, in the cosmopolitan context of late nineteenth-century Austria
La fragile e dolente felicità di Robespierre
No full textThe issue of happiness is the core of the self-narration of the French Revolution. The promise and the hope of happiness are fundamental elements of its capacity of activat¬ing millenarian hopes, and of being conceived as the «Good news». The essay focuses on Robespierre’s conception of happiness. The Author questions the mainstream posi¬tions on the Jacobin conception of happiness, and particularly the way they attribute to Robespierre only a concern with «public happiness». Through a philological, lexico¬logical and lexicometrical reading, it is reconstructed the dialectic between individual, private and public happiness in Robespierre’s political thought and political initiative
Robespierre und die unvollendete FranzÜsische Revolution im Werk von Gertrud Kolmar (1894-1943)
No full textThis study deals with Gertrud Kolmar's literary texts, those that center upon the topic of the French Revolution. It endeavors to examine her poetic discourse dealing with the possibility of an alternative political leadership in a time of crisis. The texts comprise the essay "Bildnis Robespierres," the Robespierre cycle of poems, and the play Cecile Renault. These texts, in which Robespierre takes center stage, stand out from within the complete works of Kolmar. They were written between the fall of 1933 and March 1935 and may be read as texts of resistance against the Nazi dictatorship.Since these texts have to be seen as a direct reaction to the historical developments of the period, they are being closely examined herein, hoping to unearth their political and ideological intent. Drawing upon the theories and conclusions of New Historicism, which assumes that the writer and her subject cannot exist outside their socio-historical environment, important historical influences have been taken into consideration, in an effort to establish possible aspects that have entered into Kolmar's literary message.A close reading of these texts demonstrates that, by first using the genre of the essay, Kolmar searched for a positive alternative paradigm of power to counter the fascist totalitarian regime. She finds this ideal in the figure of Robespierre because of his virtue and strong sense of justice. Because Kolmar interprets the Revolution as incomplete--since the Jacobin adhered to his principles up to his death--these texts may be considered as a revolutionary call to take up the fight for human rights once again. In her poems, Kolmar poetically creates a model of ideal leadership in the figure of Robespierre. She propagates his strict and harsh rule, as he presented himself to his fellow citizens and accepts violence as necessary in order to establish justice. Thus, Kolmar's model is problematic, since it mirrors, and therefore, confirms the given dictatorial power structures of the National Socialists. In an attempt to justify the use of violence and force, Kolmar immerses her protagonist in the messianic-idea. In her play, she adheres to her model of Robespierre as a messianic figure. But in the light of the altruistic attributes and the fate of the young Cecile Renault, whom Robespierre sacrifices, he appears questioned in his role as the only possible redeemer figure. Therefore, this last Robespierre-text reveals an expanded awareness and an altered attitude of the author towards her historical environment
Les factums de l’avocat Robespierre. Les choix d’une défense par l’imprimé
Full text linkBien peu de documents permettent à l’historien d’approcher l’avocat Robespierre au travail. Sa correspondance professionnelle, ses requêtes, ses consultations, ses plaidoyers et les autres actes de sa profession ont presque tous disparu, à l’exception de ses factums (ou mémoires), dont la quasi-totalité est préservée. Cet exceptionnel corpus de douze imprimés permet d’approcher une facette de son activité de défenseur, celle d’auteur de factums, qui constituent un véritable genre judiciaire. Par leur étude, il est possible d’analyser les techniques mises en œuvre par Robespierre pour tenter de rendre une cause célèbre et pour convaincre les deux destinataires de ces écrits, que sont les juges et le public. Quel langage leur parler ? Comment les convaincre ? Comment garantir au client un jugement favorable et l’estime publique ? La réponse tient dans le développement d’arguments de droit et de fait, certes, mais aussi dans la manière dont ceux-ci sont développés. Les stratégies narratives, l’usage du pathos, le possible choix d’une défense de rupture qui remet en cause la légitimité des juges inférieurs et la pertinence du droit en vigueur, renforcés par l’ethos de l’avocat « des malheureux », donnent aux écrits de Robespierre toute leur force.Very few documents enable the historian to understand Robespierre as a lawyer in his work. His professional correspondence, his legal queries, his consultations, his legal defense and other acts of his profession have virtually all disappeared, except for his factums of which nearly all have survived. This last exceptional corpus of twelve printed documents enables us to investigate a facet of his activity as a lawyer, that of the author of factums, which constitute in themselves a veritable legal genre. By studying these documents, it is possible to analyze the techniques Robespierre used to promote a particular case or cause, and to persuade the two chief recipients of his writings : the judges and the public. What language did he use ? How did he convince them ? How did he garantee his client a favorable judgement as well as public estime ? The answer depends not only on the development of arguments legal and factual, but also on the way in which these arguments are developed. The narrative strategies, the use of pathos, the possible choice of a rupture defense that challenged the legitimacy of « inferior » judges and the relevancy of a given law, reinforced by a lawyer’s ethos of the «unfortunate» gives to the writings of Robespierre their particular force
Pedagogical work and the representations of bachelor's degree teachers at the National Commercial Apprenticeship Service (SENAC), Salvador: construction and manifestation of knowledge necessary for teaching
No full textO presente estudo aborda questões relacionadas à prática docente de professores bacharéis no Sistema S - Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial (SENAC), na Unidade Sé, em Salvador – Bahia, com o objetivo investigar como se dá a construção de conhecimentos necessários à docência na educação profissional de Jovens e Adultos ou jovens aprendizes. Esses sujeitos não possuem complementação pedagógica ou licenciatura e são docentes fixos do SENAC Bahia. A partir desta proposição, desdobram-se os objetivos específicos para identificar conhecimentos necessários à docência, presentes nos percursos desses professores bacharéis, e quais são os saberes mobilizados na sua prática docente, para identificar demandas da educação profissional de jovens e adultos, nesse contexto. Por meio de relatos autobiográficos desses professores, recorreu-se à Análise de Conteúdo, inspirada em Lawrence Bardin, para a obtenção de informações. Embora os professores pesquisados declarem que alcançam um resultado eficaz por meio de seu trabalho docente, a análise dos relatos aponta para a necessidade de oferecer oportunidades para a formação continuada de professores bacharéis, para suprir determinadas lacunas em relação ao conhecimento pedagógico e ao processo essencial de autorreflexão acerca de suas práticas. Essa complementação específica e contextualizada pode oferecer subsídios para tornar o percurso de professores bacharéis que não possuem complementação pedagógica ou licenciatura, mais consistente e significativo, pois pode oferecer referenciais teóricos, metodológicos e conceituais capazes de mobilizar conhecimentos fundamentados e processos de reflexão, que irão conferir mais clareza e segurança à prática vivenciada em sala de aula.El presente estudio aborda cuestiones relacionadas con la práctica docente de profesores con título de licenciatura en el Sistema S - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje Comercial (SENAC), en la Unidad Sé, en Salvador - Bahía, con el objetivo de investigar cómo se construye el conocimiento necesario para se realizar docencia en educación profesional para Jóvenes y Adultos o jóvenes aprendices. Estos sujetos no cuentan con formación pedagógica ni titulación y son docentes permanentes del SENAC Bahía. A partir de esta propuesta, se despliegan los objetivos específicos de identificar los conocimientos necesarios para la docencia, presentes en la carrera de estos docentes de licenciatura, y qué conocimientos se movilizan en su práctica docente, para identificar demandas para la formación profesional de jóvenes y adultos, en este contexto. Utilizando relatos autobiográficos de estos docentes, se utilizó el Análisis de Contenido, inspirado en Lawrence Bardin, para obtener información. Si bien los docentes investigados declaran que logran un resultado efectivo a través de su labor docente, el análisis de los informes apunta a la necesidad de ofrecer oportunidades para la formación continua de docentes con título de licenciatura, para llenar ciertos vacíos en relación con los conocimientos pedagógicos y la proceso esencial de autorreflexión sobre sus prácticas. Esta complementación específica y contextualizada puede ofrecer subsidios para hacer más consistente y significativo el camino de los docentes de licenciatura que no cuentan con complementación pedagógica o titulación, ya que puede ofrecer referentes teóricos, metodológicos y conceptuales capaces de movilizar conocimientos fundamentados y procesos de reflexión, que permitan confieren más claridad y seguridad a la práctica vivida en el aula. Palabras clave: Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos. Educación profesional. Conocimiento de la Enseñanza
Palabras clave: Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos;Educación profesional; Conocimiento de la Enseñanz
"Libertà o Morte W Marat W Robespierre" : note di contesto per un'opera di Jannis Kounellis
Full text linkThe article considers Jannis Kounellis’ Untitled (Freedom or Death. Long live Marat Long live Robespierre), created in 1969 and exhibited in Naples in that year. The author focuses on its possible visual antecedents, comparing it with contemporary works by Italian and international artists and analyzing the content of the prominent inscription, with a reconstruction of its historical, political and literary allusions, thus clarifying the meaning it had in Italy at the end of the 1960s. Untitled is also briefly discussed in the context of French revolutionary art
Soberania e representação: uma comparação entre Sieyès e Robespierre
No full textEste ensaio pretende explorar as convergências entre os discursos proferidos por Robespierre, entre 1792 e 1794, e o panfleto Qu’est-ce que le Tiers État?, do Abade Sieyès, em relação aos conceitos de representação e soberania. Em todos esses textos, vemos uma preocupação constante com a representação. No panfleto de Sieyès, temos a centralidade do tema da representação nos Estados Gerais. Nos discursos, vemos que Robespierre mobiliza a vontade geral de forma a condenar a ação de adversários e mostra uma preocupação com falhas na representação. Em ambos, a vontade geral aparece acima da vida política, limitando os poderes constituídos. No pensamento de Sieyès, essa questão está ligada ao seu conceito de Poder Constituinte. Já nos textos de Robespierre, o autor discute como ela pode agir em relação a poderes constituídos. Assim, buscamos mostrar que, mesmo os autores sendo colocados como opositores pela bibliografia especializada, há pontos de convergência entre ambos.Este ensayo pretende explorar las convergencias y divergencias entre los discursos pronunciados por Maximilien Robespierre entre 1792 y 1794 y el panfleto Qu\u27est-ce que le Tiers État? del Abate Sieyès. Nos centraremos en el uso del lenguaje de la voluntad para debatir cuestiones relacionadas con la representación y la soberanía. Aunque los textos no tratan de los mismos contextos inmediatos, el lenguaje político común y las cuestiones similares a las que se enfrentan los autores son fundamentales en el periodo revolucionario y nos permiten hacer esta comparación. En los escritos de ambos vemos una preocupación constante por la cuestión de la representación, que sería, según Sieyès, el objeto central de la Revolución Francesa. El panfleto del Abate fue instigado por la convocatoria de los Estados Generales y la discusión sobre cómo estaría representado cada Estado en la asamblea, lo que ya hace de la representación un tema fundamental del texto. En los discursos, vemos que Robespierre moviliza la voluntad general para condenar las acciones de los opositores que no actuaban según ella, sino según sus voluntades particulares, lo que sería un problema que podría surgir de la representación política. En ambos, la voluntad general aparece como algo que estaría por encima de la vida política, limitando a los poderes y pudiendo ser el árbitro último de sus acciones. Esta cuestión aparece de forma interesante en Sieyès, que la sitúa explícitamente como fundamento de la vida política. También está vinculada a su concepto de Poder Constituyente.En los textos analizados de Robespierre, el autor discute cómo puede actuar en relación con los poderes constituidos, más que su papel en la fundación de éstos.This essay aims to explore the convergences and divergences between the speeches given by Maximilien Robespierre between 1792 and 1794 and the pamphlet Qu\u27est-ce que le Tiers État? by the Abbé Sieyès. Our focus will be on the use of the language of the will to discuss issues related to representation and sovereignty. Although the texts do not deal with the same immediate contexts, the common political language and the similar issues faced by the authors are fundamental in the revolutionary period and allow us to make this comparison. In the writings of both, we see a constant preoccupation with the question of representation, which would be, according to Sieyès, the central object of the French Revolution. The Abbé\u27s pamphlet was instigated by the convening of the States General and the discussion about how each state would be represented in the assembly, which already makes representation a fundamental theme of the text. In the speeches, we see that Robespierre mobilizes the general will in order to condemn the actions of opponents who were not acting according to it, but according to their particular wills, which would be a problem that could arise from political representation. In both, the general will appears as something that would be above political life, limiting the powers that be and being able to be the ultimate arbiter of their actions. This question appears in an interesting way in Sieyès, who explicitly places it as the foundation of political life. It is also linked to his concept of Constituent Power. In Robespierre’s analyzed texts, the author discusses how it can act in relation to constituted powers, rather than its role in founding them
Correlação probabilística implementada em spark para big data em saúde
Full text linkA aplicação de técnicas de correlação probabilística em registros de saúde ou socioeconômicos de uma população tem sido uma prática comum entre epidemiologistas como
base para suas pesquisa não-experimentais. Entretanto, o crescimento do volume dos dados comum ao cenário imposto pelo Big Data provocou uma carˆencia por ferramentas computacionais capazes de lidar com esses imensos reposit´orios. Neste trabalho é descrita uma solução implementada no framework de processamento em cluster Spark para a correlação probabilística de registros de grandes bases de dados do Sistema Público de Saúde
brasileiro. Este trabalho está vinculado a um projeto que visa analisar a relação entre o Programam Bolsa Família e a incidência de doen¸cas associadas á pobreza, tais como hanseníase e tuberculose. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que esta implementação
provê qualidade competitiva em relação a outras ferramentas e abordagens existentes, comprovada pela superioridade das métricas de tempo de execução
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