13 research outputs found
Numismatica ed emblematica dell’epoca petrina: le illustrazioni dell’Istorija Petra Velikago di Zaharija Orfelin
No full textIl presente studio è volto a chiarire il ruolo degli emblemi nell’apparato iconografico tipico della produzione numismatica di epoca petrina, sulla base di alcune immagini tratte dall’edizione illustrata dell’Istorija Petra Velikago di Zaharija Orfelin, la prima monografia dedicata alla vita e alle gesta del sovrano russo scritta e pubblicata in una lingua slava. L’arte delle medaglie fu introdotta da Pietro il Grande a supporto della sua campagna di riforme economiche e politiche volte ad integrare la Russia nel quadro geopolitico dell’Europa del primo ’700, come strumento di propaganda e di glorificazione dei successi della monarchia russa. L’iconografia delle medaglie petrine accoglie e rielabora la tradizione stilistica della numismatica europea dell’epoca barocca, in particolare per quanto riguarda il verso delle medaglie, spesso occupato da complicate composizioni a forte carattere emblematico ed allegorico
Andrej Belyj v Sicilii: imaginativnaja geografija i orientalizirujuscij vzgljad - kogo i na cto?
No full textAndrei Belyi did not see Sicily (many factual mistakes can be pointed at): it was shielded by constantly open books. The author appears, in his travelogue, as a typical Orientalist. Characteristically enough, besides, he sought the Orient in a place a thousand kilometers west of Moscow.
It would be pointless to criticize him from the point of view of a “native in an English hat”; what is interesting is that his Orientalist gaze at Sicily is astonishingly similar to the Orientalist gaze at Russia itself typical of Russian intellectuals.
Alexander Etkind wrote about the “Internal Colonization” of Russia; in Italy a debate has begun about the “Internal Orientalism” of Northern Italians concerning the Southern part of the country – and as well that of Southern-born intellectuals writing about the South for the Northern public; for instance, the case of Giovanni Verga, finding the Orient in his native land, is enlightening.
In his mature work Verga overcomes the Orientalist gaze by moving the focus inside the Sicilian lower classes; we can trace a similar process in Belyi's writings on Russia, but not on Sicily
Alcune osservazioni sui saggi "Russia" (1910) e "Santa Russia" (1918) di Andrej Belyj
No full textAndrej Belyj (1880-1934), uno dei principali esponenti del Simbolismo russo, affrontò il tema della Russia in molte delle sue opere. Fra di esse il saggio "Russia" (1910), singolare nel corpus bieliano per l\u27assenza del consueto orientamento mistico e per la chiarezza quasi didattica dell\u27impianto, rimane piuttosto in ombra negli amplissimi studi sull\u27autore. Obiettivo del presente lavoro è mostrarne la struttura e le strategie retoriche anche sulla scorta del confronto con altri lavori di Belyj, in particolare il saggio "La Santa Russia" (1918), che si pone in dialogo diretto con "Russia" a distanza di otto anni dalla prima pubblicazione. Andrei Bely (1880-1934), one of the leading exponents of Russian Symbolism, dealt with the theme of Russia in many of his works. Of these, the essay "Russia" (1910), atypical of the corpus of his works due to the absence of the usual mystical orientation and because of the almost didactic clarity of the structure, has remained somewhat in the shadows in the very extensive studies on the author. The aim of this work is to highlight its structure and rhetorical strategies, also on the basis of a comparison with other works by Bely, in particular the essay "The Saint Russia" (1918), which, appearing eight years after the first publication of "Russia", is in direct dialogue with the 1910 essay
Anastasiya Verbitskaya's emancipation persuing the "keys to happiness"
No full textreservedLA PRESENTE TESI DI LAUREA ANALIZZA LE PROTAGONISTE PRINCIPALI DEI TRE ROMANZI DI MAGGIOR SUCCESSO – "DUCH VREMENI", "KLJUČI SČAST’JA", "IGO LJUBVI" - DELLA PROSATRICE ANASTASIJA VERBICKAJA, A CAVALLO TRA L’OTTOCENTO E IL NOVECENTO RUSSO. LA RICERCA VIENE INCENTRATA SULLA RAPPRESENTAZIONE FEMMINILE ATTRAVERSO UN APPROCCIO DIACRONICO E UN’ANALISI STILISTICO-LESSICALE, IN MODO DA DIMOSTRARE COME L'AUTRICE FEMINISTA SIA RIUSCITA A INFONDERE LE SUE IDEE PROGRESSISTE AL CONSISTENTE PUBBLICO IN MODO ALTAMENTE LEGGIBILE. IL SUO MODELLO DI “DONNA NUOVA” INCARNAVA UNA DONNA EMANCIPATA, LIBERA DA QUALSIASI COSTRIZIONE ECONOMICA, SOCIALE E CULTURALE, CHE ATTRAVERSO L’EDUCAZIONE, L’IMPEGNO E LA DEDIZIONE RIUSCIVA A CONSEGUIRE LE “CHIAVI DELLA FELICITÀ” CHE APRIVANO LE PORTE DELL’INDIPENDENZA, DELLA LIBERTÀ E DELLA CREATIVITÀ. I RISULTATI DELL’ANALISI POTREBBERO RIVELARSI UTILI AGLI STUDI LETTERARI, IN QUANTO ANASTASIJA VERBICKAJA MERITEREBBE DI ESSERE RISCOPERTA PER AVER MOSTRATO UNA PROFONDA CONOSCENZA DEL MONDO INTERIORE FEMMINILE.THE DISSERTATION ANALYSES THE MAIN HEROINES OF THREE INFLUENTIAL NOVELS – "THE SPIRIT OF TIME", "THE KEYS TO HAPPINESS", "THE YOKE OF LOVE" – OF THE BESTSELLING RUSSIAN PROSE WRITER ANASTASIIA VERBITSKAIA, AT THE TURN OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. THE STUDY INVOLVES EXPLORING HOW THE AUTHOR OF POPULAR LITERATURE, BY MEANS OF LEXICAL, STYLISTIC AND NARRATIVE DEVICES, SUCCEEDED TO CONVEY HER PROGRESSIVE FEMINIST IDEAS OF EMANCIPATED WOMEN TO THE MYRIAD READERS IN A HIGHLY COMPREHENSIBLE MANNER. VERBITSKAIA’S “NEW WOMEN” WERE LEADING THEIR LIVES WITHOUT ANY ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSTRAINTS DEMONSTRATING THAT EDUCATION, COMMITMENT AND DEDICATION COULD EMPOWER THE WOMEN TO FIND THE “KEYS TO HAPPINESS” – THE WAY TO THEIR COMPLETE INDIPENDENCE, FREEDOM AND CREATIVITY. THE FINDINGS MAY BE APPLIED TO LITERARY STUDIES, SINCE ANASTASIIA VERBITSKAIA DESERVES TO BE RECONSIDERED FOR HER VALUABLE INSIGHT INTO WOMEN’S INTERIOR WORLD
Russian sectarianism: origin and development of the movement. Attempted analysis of the work The Silver Dove by Andrej Belyj.
No full textreservedIl settarismo russo è un fenomeno estremamente rilevante e complesso in Russia, che nel corso dei secoli si è sviluppato e diffuso in tutto il paese per ragioni politiche interne, ma soprattutto spirituali e morali. Tuttavia, questo argomento viene quasi del tutto ignorato, poiché lo studio dei movimenti social-religiosi in Russia, rimane uno dei settori più arretrati della storiografia sovietica. Pertanto, l’obiettivo di questo lavoro consiste nel prendere in considerazione il processo storico di diffusione del settarismo religioso in Russia, nonché delineare i contorni più generali di questo grande e complesso fenomeno storico con l'obiettivo di fornire un contributo agli studi sul settarismo russo, in quanto gli studi sulle fonti riguardanti tale questione sono insufficienti. Inoltre, l’obiettivo di questa ricerca sarà quello di stabilire se, fra le numerose opere letterarie russe fra il XIX e il XX secolo, vi sono quelle che considerano e illustrano il settarismo religioso russo, attestando in questo modo l’importanza del fenomeno stesso. Per lo studio della storia del settarismo russo, è indispensabile una sempre più adozione del principio dello studio combinato dalle fonti, nonché di un ampio richiamo del materiale sui settari, raccolto da etnografi, folcloristi, economisti, statistici e rappresentanti degli altri rami del sapere. In ultima analisi esamineremo uno dei capolavori di Andrej Belyj, Il colombo d'argento, al fine di comprendere le motivazioni che hanno spinto l'autore alla stesura di tale opera e stabilendo l'effettiva essenza della corrente settaria dei chlysty all'interno del testo. Per fare ciò ci serviremo del testo Il colombo d’argento e attraverso quest’ultimo, verranno riportati e commentati frammenti del testo, utili per la nostra ricerca.Russian sectarianism is an extremely relevant and complex phenomenon in Russia, which over the centuries developed and spread throughout the country for internal political, but above all spiritual and moral reasons. However, this topic is almost completely ignored, as the study of social-religious movements in Russia remains one of the most backward areas of Soviet historiography. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to consider the historical process of the spread of religious sectarianism in Russia, as well as to outline the more general contours of this large and complex historical phenomenon with the aim of making a contribution to studies on Russian sectarianism, as studies of sources on this issue are insufficient. Furthermore, the aim of this research will be to establish whether, among the numerous Russian literary works between the 19th and 20th centuries, there are those that consider and illustrate Russian religious sectarianism, thus attesting to the importance of the phenomenon itself. For the study of the history of Russian sectarianism, it is indispensable to increasingly adopt the principle of the combined study of sources, as well as a broad appeal of the material on sectarians collected by ethnographers, folklorists, economists, statisticians and representatives of other branches of knowledge.
Ultimately, we will examine one of Andrei Belyj's masterpieces, The Silver Dove, in order to understand the motivations that drove the author to write such a work and establish the actual essence of the sectarian current of the chlysty within the text. To do this, we will use the text The Silver Dove and through it, fragments of the text, useful for our research, will be reported and commented upon
Power to God, power to the people: an analysis of Isus Khristos' role in The Twelve by Aleksandr Blok
No full textopenIl poema I Dodici dello scrittore russo Aleksandr Blok ha da sempre dimostrato di suscitare reazioni ed opinioni altamente contrastanti e polarizzate, generate soprattutto dal vivace sottotesto politico-culturale figlio della Rivoluzione d'Ottobre entro il quale si inserisce l'opera e dall'inserimento della figura di Христос (Christos) da parte dell'autore. Questo personaggio, protagonista dell'ultimo capitolo del poema e fulcro di numerosi dibattiti e discussioni letterarie dimostra la propria ambiguità non solo all’interno della vicenda narrata nel poema, apparendo ai dodici malandati fucilieri della Guardia Rossa, ma persino nell'ambito linguistico, letterario e traduttivo, offrendo spunti di riflessione sulla propria natura e sull’effettiva motivazione che ha portato l’autore a renderlo l’elemento focale attorno al quale ruota l’intera opera. La domanda principale che si pone questo elaborato concerne infatti il ruolo ed il significato di Христос, impegnandosi ad esplorare le critiche dei contemporanei e posteri all’autore al fine di individuare una nuova versione interpretativa dell’opera blokiana. portando così alla luce l’originale motivazione del poeta, scevro da interferenze terze. Per comprendere le ragioni dietro all’inserimento di questo enigmatico elemento, l’elaborato si propone innanzitutto di offrire al lettore una visione completa de I Dodici, necessaria per inquadrare contestualmente la trama e gli elementi caratteristici del poema, dando uno speciale risalto alla definizione stessa del termine Христос all’interno dell’esperienza culturale russa e specialmente autoriale. Tali premesse permettono di affrontare il panorama critico letterario sviluppatosi a seguito della produzione di quest’opera, evidenziando le opinioni sia a favore che contro la presenza del contestato personaggio ed avendo cura di evidenziare i nessi che legano a doppio filo l’allora recente Rivoluzione d’Ottobre con l'ambiente simbolista, nel quale lo stesso Blok aveva trovato ampio spazio e fortuna. Infine, grazie al sopra menzionato confronto delle fonti bibliografiche, è compito di questa tesi sottolineare ancora una volta il superamento da parte dell'autore della semplice partigianeria politica e culturale, evidenziando invece un aspetto più personale e metafisico degli eventi che traspaiono dall’opera e che legano indissolubilmente il destino dell’uomo alla ragione divina, la quale cammina passo a passo nelle orme dell’umanità, parimenti attraverso i suoi successi e le sue disfatte. E’ tale visione l’espressione del poeta ormai maturo e conscio degli errori di ciascuno schieramento e pronto ad identificare un elemento di profonda religiosità da sempre legata alla cultura russaAleksandr Blok's The Twelve poem has always provoked highly conflicting and polarised reactions and views, mainly due by the October Revolution's lively political-cultural subtext, within which the work is set and by the author's inclusion of the figure of Христос (Christos). Being focus of numerous literary debates and discussions as well as of numerous literary debates and discussions, this character expresses his ambiguity not only within the events narrated in the poem, by appearing to the twelve shabby Red Guards, but even in the linguistic, literary and translation contexts. His actions offer interesting stimuli concerning his own nature and the actual motivation that led the author to make him the focal element around which the entire work revolves. In fact, the main question addressed by this paper concerns the role and meaning of Христос, exploring the criticism from the author's contemporaries and posterior colleagues in order to identify a new interpretative version of Blok's work, closer to the source material and free from third-party interference. In order to understand the reasons behind the inclusion of this enigmatic element, this paper aims first of all to offer the reader a complete view of The Twelve, necessary to contextually frame the plot and the significant elements of the poem, giving special emphasis to the very definition of the term Христос within the Russian cultural experience and especially the author's. These premises make it possible to address the literary critical background that developed following the production of this work and to highlight opinions both for and against the presence of the contested character. Moreover, the links connecting the then-recent October Revolution with the Symbolist milieu, in which Blok himself had found ample space and fortune, are also highlighted. Finally, thanks to the aforementioned comparison of bibliographical sources,this thesis once again emphasises the author's overcoming of simple political and cultural partisanship, highlighting instead a more personal and metaphysical aspect of the events that transpire from the work. Man's destiny is indissolubly linked to divine reason, which walks step by step in the footsteps of mankind, equally through its successes and defeats. Such a vision is the expression of an experienced poet who is is aware of the errors of each side and ready to identify an element of deep religiosity that has always been linked to Russian culture
Incidence of vaccine preventable pneumococcal invasive infections and blood culture practices in Italy
No full textIn order to estimate the incidence of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) and the amount of vaccine preventable serious infections, a 1-year population-based surveillance was undertaken in two comparable Italian regions (Piemonte and Puglia, representing 14% of the Italian population) prospectively collecting data and strains from all the hospital microbiological laboratories. A retrospective analysis of hospital discharge records, matched with the laboratory database, was also undertaken in nine hospitals in these two regions to determine the frequency of use of blood cultures and its impact on IPD incidence estimate. For children under 2 years of age, the incidence rates of IPD were 11.3 per 100,000 and 5.9 per 100,000 in Piemonte and in Puglia, respectively; for subjects 65 years of age and over the incidence rates were 5.7 per 100,000 and 0.2 per 100,000, in the two regions, respectively. The number of blood cultures performed was six times higher in Piemonte than that in Puglia. About 96% of isolates from IPD patients, aged 65 years and over, belonged to serogroups included in the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine, whereas about 79% of strains isolated from patients under 5 years of age were related to serotypes included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. The estimate of the incidence of IPD is affected greatly by the different attitudes in performing blood cultures, especially in older patients. In Italy, bacteriological culture procedures should be undertaken more frequently to provide decision-makers with reliable estimates of serious vaccine preventable conditions
The hazard of (sub)therapeutic doses of anticoagulants in non-critically ill patients with Covid-19: the Padua province experience
No full textCOVID-19 is responsible for a worldwide pandemic, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The increasing evidence of an associated relevant pro-thrombotic coagulopathy has resulted in an increasing use of antithrombotic doses higher than usual in COVID-19 patients. Information on the benefit/risk ratio of this approach is still lacking
Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering (AVBT) in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Retrospective Study
No full textBackground/Objectives: Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering (AVBT) is a relatively novel minimally invasive surgical technique for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) that enables deformity correction of the spine diminishing vertebral motion reduction caused by the standard posterior spinal fusion approach. This paper reports the introduction of a new technical variant of AVBT, with the aim of evaluating its effectiveness on the correction of both axial and coronal spinal deformity. Methods: A single-centre single-surgeon retrospective cohort study was conducted. AVBTs were performed between 2020 and 2024. Radiographical values, surgical details, and complications of 67 patients affected by AIS were compared before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at the most recent follow-up. Results: Postoperative results have revealed a statistically significant coronal curve correction of 29.85% in the main thoracic (MT) curves (from mean preoperative width of 54.81 ± 11.86° to 38.45 ± 10.19°) and of 26.93% in the thoracolumbar (TL/L) curves (from 35.15 ± 11.83° to 25.69 ± 10.50°) in line with that obtained by the standard technique. Coronal correction at the most recent follow-up was maintained. Postoperative axial rotation reduction was found to be statistically significant in the main thoracic (MT) curves (from mean Nash-Moe value of 1.84 ± 0.71 to 1.36 ± 0.73), with a further decrease at the most recent follow-up compared with preoperative values. Improvement in other radiographical measures did not reach statistical significance and the complication rate was comparable to the standard technique. Conclusions: The extent of coronal correction in patients treated with the proposed modified AVBT technique is satisfactory and in line with results from studies testing the standard AVBT technique. The findings of this study seem to suggest that this technical variant of AVBT is effective in the correction of both axial and coronal deformity, with a surgical complication rate comparable to the standard technique
Tocilizumab for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The single-arm TOCIVID-19 prospective trial
No full textBackgroundTocilizumab blocks pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-6 (IL-6), involved in pathogenesis of pneumonia the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 patients.MethodsA multicenter, single-arm, hypothesis-driven trial was planned, according to a phase 2 design, to study the effect of tocilizumab on lethality rates at 14 and 30 days (co-primary endpoints, a priori expected rates being 20 and 35%, respectively). A further prospective cohort of patients, consecutively enrolled after the first cohort was accomplished, was used as a secondary validation dataset. The two cohorts were evaluated jointly in an exploratory multivariable logistic regression model to assess prognostic variables on survival.ResultsIn the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) phase 2 population, 180/301 (59.8%) subjects received tocilizumab, and 67 deaths were observed overall. Lethality rates were equal to 18.4% (97.5% CI: 13.6-24.0, P=0.52) and 22.4% (97.5% CI: 17.2-28.3, P<0.001) at 14 and 30 days, respectively. Lethality rates were lower in the validation dataset, that included 920 patients. No signal of specific drug toxicity was reported. In the exploratory multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age and lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio negatively affected survival, while the concurrent use of steroids was associated with greater survival. A statistically significant interaction was found between tocilizumab and respiratory support, suggesting that tocilizumab might be more effective in patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline.ConclusionsTocilizumab reduced lethality rate at 30 days compared with null hypothesis, without significant toxicity. Possibly, this effect could be limited to patients not requiring mechanical respiratory support at baseline.Registration EudraCT (2020-001110-38); clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04317092)
