267 research outputs found
Rupture du silence. L'écriture engagée de Gisèle Pineau
No full textA writer by passion and a psychiatric nurse by profession, Gisèle Pineau is described as the new feminine voice of the literature from the French Antilles (Martinique and Guadeloupe). In all her novels, she explores the human condition and more specifically that of women. Breaking the silence that oppresses Antillean women, Gisèle Pineau delves into the destinies of women from Guadeloupe, scrutinizing the environment of her island and elsewhere, reinventing the French language, and giving voice and identity to all those women who have never had the possibility to express themselves.
After having introduced the author in a postcolonial context linked with the theory of the feminine writing and its expressions in Caribbean literature, the plight of women is described through the experience of their bodies in Antillean society and elsewhere. The author focuses on physical and psychological violence denouncing the treatment of women. Escaping from oppression, women look for the space to rebuild a new life and a new identity
Crowd. Nocturama by Gisèle Vienne’s Theatre
No full textThe author presents the theatre of Gisèle Vienne, a French-Austrian director and choreographer, as a laboratory exploiting darkness being a place for the becoming of the subject, for experiencing disturbed reality, for abolishing the opposition between the living and the dead. Exploring twilight, the director touches upon phenomena that violate the norms that in the general perception belong to the field of negativity, reveals that which is covered, that which activates the imagination. Darkness becomes a space for an intimate narration of hidden human dispositions. This article is an analysis of the performance Crowd (2017), in particular the three components that determine its structure and dramaturgy, i.e. time, light and space. The author engaged in a process of overt participant observation; she followed the rehearsals for the performance from 2016 to 2017 and created her own archive of the research process
Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects
No full text Pickering, Gisèle P., Nicole Fellmann, Béatrice Morio, Patrick Ritz, Aimé Amonchot, Michel Vermorel, and Jean Coudert. Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1300–1306, 1997.—The effects of endurance training on the water compartments and the cardiovascular system were determined in 10 elderly subjects [age 62 ± 2 yr, pretraining maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 max)/kg = 25 ± 2 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1body wt]. They trained on a cycloergometer 3 times/wk for 16 wk (50–80%V˙o 2 max, then 80–85%V˙o 2 max). They were checked at 8 wk, 16 wk, and 4 mo after detraining. Training improvedV˙o 2 max (+16%) and induced plasma volume expansion (+11%). No change in total body water, extracellular fluid, interstitial and intracellular fluid volumes, fat-free mass, and body weight was detected in this small sample with training. Body fat mass decreased (−2.1 ± 2.2 kg). Echocardiography at rest showed increased fractional shortening and ejection fraction and decreased left ventricular end-systolic dimension ( P < 0.05). Blood volume expansion correlates with cardiac contractility and has an impact on cardiac function. These improvements are precarious, however, and are completely lost after 4 mo of detraining, when elderly subjects lose the constraints and the social stimulation of the imposed protocol. </jats:p
From the Figure of Author to Textual Mobility. Roger Chartier's Contribution to Sociology and to the History of Literature
No full textSobre la base de dos aspectos que atraviesan casi toda la obra de Roger Chartier, el artículo indaga la perspectiva interdisciplinar que ha practicado desde un punto de vista epistemológico, teórico y metodo- lógico, en particular con la sociología cultural y con la historia de la literatura. En primer lugar, se analiza la noción de "autor" que Chartier recupera explícita- mente de Michel Foucault y que instala en el campo de la historia en una época en la que esta problemáti- ca todavía tenía poca presencia en Francia, pese a que los trabajos sobre la autoría ya se encontraban en pleno auge en un mundo anglófono. Tras una referencia a la nueva concepción de "lector" forjada por Chartier y que supuso un fuerte desafío a las teorías de la recepción, se aborda, en segundo término, la inestabilidad de sentido que se produce tras la movilidad de los textos en aras de reforzar su historicidad intrínseca y eludiendo cualquier posible relativismo epistemológico.Based on two aspects that run through almost all of Roger Chartier's work, the article explores the interdisciplinary perspective he has practiced from an epistemological, theoretical and methodological point of view, in particular with cultural sociology and the history of literature. First of all, it analyzes the notion of "author" that Chartier explicitly recovers from Michel Foucault and that he installs in the field of history at a time when this problematic still had little presence in France, despite the fact that works on authorship were already booming in an English-speaking world. After a reference to the new conception of the "reader" forged by Chartier, which was a strong challenge to the theories of reception, the instability of meaning produced by the mobility of texts is addressed in order to reinforce their intrinsic historicity and to avoid any possible epistemological relativism.Fil: Sapiro, Gisèle. Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales
Gisèle Pineau: Tracing a Multi-voiced Path Out of Exile
No full textThe article focuses on the link between exile and writing in Gisèle Pineau's work (four novels for young people and two novels for adults). It develops the idea that for this Guadeloupean author, exile is linked to silence and that the characters use the voices of other people to exit that silence . These 'borrowed' voices, which are at the same time collective and individual, allow the characters, but also the author, to tell their stories and to gather the pieces of a diffracted self, transformed by the experience of exile. This recomposition of a 'mosaic self', is put in relation with the concept of the 'créolité' developed by Chamoiseau, Bernabé and Confiant. The article also I briefly compares Pineau's discourse on exile, depending on whether she addresses an adult or a youth readership
L'État, l'Église, l'école et la Révolution : le cas de Tourcoing.
No full textGisèle Ettori, State, Church, School and the Revolution.
According to the well known test of the signature on the marriage certificate, the author studied the evolution of literacy of children born at Tourcoing between 1769 et 1792 and married there. Although the shock produced by the revolutionary dismantling of religious instruction somewhat accentuated a decline in literacy rates, the process had actually commenced long before 1791. It then came to a stop with the generation which had learned to read and write between 1797 and 1802. Consequently, there are some factors not associated with the Revolution which are responsible for the decline — in particular, the change of the social composition of the population between 1770- 1780. The demand for literacy of the first generation of proletariat (of which the proportion was increasing at Tourcoing) was, in effect, weaker.Gisèle Ettori, Lo Stato, la Chiesa, la Scuola, e la Rivoluzione.
Secondo la firma dell'atto di matrimonio, la qual'è una prova ben nota, l'autore studia l'evoluzione dell'alfabetizzazione dei bambini nati a Tourcoing nel 1769 e 1792 e poi sposaticisi. La caduta del tasso di alfabetizzazione comincia prima dell'impatto prodotto dalla disorganizzazione rivoluzionaria dell'istruzione religiosa nel 1791. Questa l'accentua un pochino. Poi viene fermata dalle generazioni che hanno imparato a leggere ed a scrivere tra il 1797 ed il 1802. Sono dunque fattori estranei alia Rivoluzione che sono all'inizio di questa caduta ed in particolare il mutamento di composizione sociale della populazione cominciato negli anni 1770-1780. La domanda di alfabetizzazione delle prime generazioni di proletari sempre più numerosi a Tourcoing, è difatti più scarsa.Gisèle Ettori, L'État, l'Église, l'École et la Révolution.
D'après le test bien connu de la signature de l'acte de mariage, l'auteur étudie l'évolution et l'alphabétisation des enfants nés à Tourcoing entre 1769 et 1792 et qui s'y sont ensuite mariés. La chute du taux d'alphabétisation commence bien avant le choc produit par la désorganisation révolutionnaire de l'enseignement religieux en 1791 . Celle-ci l'accentue quelque peu. Puis elle est stoppée à partir des générations qui ont appris à lire et écrire entre 1797 et 1802. Ce sont donc des facteurs non liés à la Révolution qui sont à l'origine de cette chute, en particulier le changement de composition sociale de la population amorcé dans les années 1770-1780. La demande d'alphabétisation des premières générations de prolétaires dont la proportion grandit à Tourcoing est en effet plus faible.Ettori Gisèle. L'État, l'Église, l'école et la Révolution : le cas de Tourcoing.. In: Annales historiques de la Révolution française, n°295, 1994. pp. 67-81
Phantom Pain: The Role of Maladaptive Plasticity and Emotional and Cognitive Variables
No full textFuchs X, Bekrater-Bodmann R, Flor H. Phantom Pain: The Role of Maladaptive Plasticity and Emotional and Cognitive Variables. In: Pickering G, Gibson S, eds. Pain, Emotion and Cognition. Cham: Springer Nature; 2015: 189-207
Oil-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized by phyllosilicates at high solid content
No full textInternational audienceThe present study aims at investigating the preparation and characterization of oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsions stabilized using three different phyllosilicates: kaolin, halloysite, and palygorskite, and at high solid content (15 wt.% in the aqueous phase). Stable O/W emulsions could be obtained with no additional surfactant or surface treatment. The maximal oil fraction that could be introduced without phase separation was determined. The resulting oil/water ratios of 0.32, 0.44 and 0.60 were found for kaolin, halloysite and palygorskite, respectively. The O/W character of the three emulsions was confirmed by a simple “droplet test” and by confocal microscopy, which confirmed the positioning of the clay particles at the oil/water interface. These three phyllosilicates led to a limited coalescence mechanism that promoted the long-term stability of the Pickering emulsions. The rheological behavior of these emulsions was studied and showed that halloysite led to a more rigid structure. This trend could be justified by the formation of a strong network of clay particles due to strong surface interactions combined with an elongated particle shape
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