127 research outputs found
The emerging legal framework for private sector development in Viet Nam's transitional economy
No full textA major objective of Viet Nam's transition to a market economy has been to reactivate the private sector in a mixed economy. Several new laws have been introduced in the past five years to implement this policy and to create an enabling environment for the private sector. The author reviews some of the more important laws and regulations that affect Viet Nam's private sector activities, including laws on real property, intellectual property, companies, domestic investment, foreign investment, bankruptcy, contracts, and dispute resolution. Anti-monopoly law has not yet been introduced in Viet Nam. The issue of competition is addressed in the context of trade law, the relative roles of the state and private sector, and restrictions in company law. These areas all establish the foundation of a legal framework for a market economy. The author concludes that Viet Nam's legal framework, like China's, is still influenced by ideology, which causes problems in such areas as private ownership of real property and with such fundamental legal concepts as"due process of law."It is noted that the private sector is constrained by the lack of an independent judiciary, the absence of private land ownership, other uncertainties in property law that limit the develpoment of financial markets, and the inherent bias of the system in favor of the state sector (and collective ownership). Also noted is a law-abiding attitude, equally important to development has been slow to develop. The author goes on to point out that the foreign investment process is too complicated, and its company law too restrictive. A first priority should be to strreamline regulations, as well as liberalize trade policy and increase efforts in privatization of state enterprises. In this respect the author notes that export processing zones may be a useful interim instrument to attract foreign investment but should be phased out over time. More important in the long term is a good investment climate resting on a strong legal foundation.Legal Products,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Housing and Land,Municipal Financial Management,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Housing and Land,Legal Products,Municipal Financial Management
The impact of ChatGPT on research and learning methods of university students in Ho Chi Minh City
No full textThis study examines the impact of ChatGPT on learning and research methods among university students in Ho Chi Minh City, employing a mixed-methods design. Data were collected from 577 participants, including students, lecturers, and educational administrators, via surveys and 28 in-depth interviews. Modern statistical techniques and content analysis ensured comprehensive and objective results. Over 70% of students found ChatGPT helpful for rapid information retrieval and enhancing learning efficiency, while around 65% indicated that it improved writing skills, particularly in grammar checking and idea organization. However, 60% expressed concerns that excessive reliance on ChatGPT might diminish critical thinking and creativity. Lecturers and administrators also raised issues regarding the verification of information and adherence to academic ethics. The study emphasizes that while ChatGPT can support academic tasks, it should be used in conjunction with strategies that promote independent thinking and creativity. Recommendations include skill training, establishing clear usage policies, and integrating ChatGPT into curricula to optimize its benefits and sustain academic development, aligning with global trends in AI-enhanced higher education. The results offer valuable global insights
Understanding the Intention to Use the Grab Service in Ho Chi Minh City
No full textThe primary objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence Grab’s intention to use its services in Ho Chi Minh City and assess the impact of these factors. The ultimate goal was to provide appropriate recommendations to enhance Grab’s services. The study involved 200 participants from Ho Chi Minh City. To achieve this objective, a quantitative research method was employed, and several analytical techniques were used, including reliability testing using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression. The analysis results revealed three factors that significantly influence the intention to use Grab services, ranked in descending order of influence: (1) Perceived Usefulness, (2) Price Value, and (3) Alternative Vehicles. These factors play a significant role in shaping customers’ intentions to use Grab’s services. The study acknowledges its limitations and suggests future research directions for similar studies to further explore and refine the understanding of customer behavior in the ride-hailing industry.
Keywords: intention, service quality, perceived usefulness, prive value, alternative vehicle
Determining the risks of the process construction in border areas
No full textIn all phases of the project, there are always events and conditions occurring that directly or indirectly affect the implementation of the project, causing the project to fail to achieve the target of the proposed project subject. Such events and conditions are called project risks. The more human society develops, the more diverse, rich, and complex human activities become. Therefore, risks are increasingly complex and have negative impacts on people’s lives. Construction work is a special product. Therefore there are more and more risks that are hidden in the construction process. Especially when projects are placed in remote, mountainous, or border areas, the risks become more complex and diverse. Hence, if risks are identified quickly and accurately, managers can reduce the level of risk in the process. Then, people can also suggest some solutions to reduce the risks. The goal of this paper is to propose and evaluate the risk factors of the construction process in the border district, Quang Nam Province, by applying the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method. This study tried to collect data analyze qualitative and quantitative risk factors. The results showed that the collected survey data is meaningful
Emotion Recognition Using the Emotiv EPOC Device
No full textEmotion plays an important role in the interaction between humans as emotion is fundamental to human experience, influencing cognition, perception, learning communication, and even rational decision-making. Therefore, studying emotion is indispensable. This paper aims at finding the relationships between EEG signals and human emotions based on emotion recognition experiments that are conducted using the commercial Emotiv EPOC headset to record EEG signals while participants are watching emotional movies. Alpha, beta, delta and theta bands filtered from the recorded EEG signals are used to train and evaluate classifiers with different learning techniques including Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbour, Naïve Bayes and AdaBoost.M1. Our experimental results show that we can use the Emotiv headset for emotion recognition and that the AdaBoost.M1 technique and the theta band provide the highest recognition rates
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Structures, CIGOS 2024, 4-5 April, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
No full textInternational audienceThis book includes peer-reviewed articles from the 7th International Conference on Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Structures (CIGOS 2024) held on April 4-5 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It highlights recent advances in planning, architecture, and construction for sustainable development. The book features a compilation of articles presented at the conference, bringing together researchers, academics, and practitioners from around the world. The topics covered range from Planning, Architecture, and Industrial Design to Construction, Materials, Structures, and Digital Technologies, as well as Geoscience, Environment, and Energy, and Transportation, Infrastructure, Management, and Investment. The book emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to sustainable development in order to address environmental, social, and economic challenges faced by societies worldwide. It provides insights into best practices and innovative approaches for achieving sustainabledevelopment goals, such as reducing the carbon footprint, enhancing energy efficiency, promoting the use of eco-friendly materials, and implementing sustainable construction techniques. Overall, this book offers valuable knowledge and advice to professionals, researchers, and policymakers engaged in sustainable development initiatives
Adaptive estimation for nonparametric circular regression with errors in variables
No full textThis paper investigates the nonparametric estimation of a circular regression function in an errors-in-variables framework. Two settings are studied, depending on whether the covariates are circular or linear. Adaptive estimators are constructed and their theoretical performance is assessed through convergence rates over Sobolev and Hölder smoothness classes. Numerical experiments on simulated and real datasets illustrate the practical relevance of the methodology.</div
Experiences of Self-Collected Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Testing Among Women Aged 20 to 65 Years in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
No full textBackground/Objectives: To assess the correct sampling rates and self-collection satisfaction levels among female residents aged 25 to 64 years during first-time HPV testing in the communities of Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: An observational study was conducted on self-collection for HPV testing in communities from January to December 2024. The study employed a probability proportional to size sampling method, involving self-collected sampling and post-collection direct interviews. Results: The data show that 99.9% [95% CI = 0.99–1] of 775 women successfully collected their own samples during a first-time HPV testing process. The self-collection satisfaction rate was 80.4% [95% CI = 0.77–0.83]. Conclusions: Self-collected sampling for HPV testing has a very high success rate in communities. Moreover, women who feel confident in self-collection tend to have higher satisfaction rates with this new method. Therefore, self-collection sampling should be widely adopted for early cervical cancer screenings to test for high-risk HPV. It is essential to provide careful instructions and mobilization to encourage women’s confidence in performing self-collections
Dégradation du cadre de vie urbain et problèmes de santé de la population citadine à Ho Chi Minh-Ville, Vietnam (1990)
No full textSu suy thoâi moi truong dô thi và sue khoe cua dân eu tai thành pho Ho CM Minh (Viet Nam) 1990. Thành pho Ho Chi'Minh cô trên bon triêu dân, trong do 3,2 triêu song trong 12 quân nôi thành. Vào dàu the ky 20, thành phô diioc qui hoach cho 500 000 dân, nay dâ bành trùông ra rat rông. Hiçn nay, thành phô dang chiu môt âp lue lôn cua câc luông nhâp cii. Trong lue dô, cd so ha tàng không duôc phât triên và trùng tu dung mue, nhât là tu* 1 975. Hâu quà là cd so ha Sng dô thi, câc công trînh công cong và nhà ciia bi xuong cap nghiem trong.
Nôi dung bài khào cuu này chi nghiên cuti tinh trang cua hê thong cap ndôc, thoât nuôc, hê thong thu gom và xii ly râc, tinh trang vê sinh công cçng, và anh huong cua câc yeu to này dën suc khoe cua dân cii Thành pho Ho Chi Minh.
Nuôc mây thieu nghiem trçng o câc khu cif tru nghèo : trung binh 1 5 -20 lit/ngiîoi/ ngày dêm, thâp hôn mue tiêu thy trung bînh cua 1 2 Quân nôi thành : 60 1/nguoi/ngày dêm. Mue tiêu thu trung bînh o câc khu eu1 tru khâ giâ cao ho'n : 100 1 -1 30 1/nguoi/ngày dêm. Trong nhieù khu vue ven trung tâm, dân phâi mua nuôc. Chat liiong nuôc uong không bâo dam tiêu chuân vê sinh. Ty lç that thoât cao : 30 %.
Hê thong cong thoât nuôc mua và niïôc thai chi han chë trong câc quân trung tâm. Nhiêu noi bi ngâp lut trong mùa mua. Sông và kênh rach bi ô nhiêm, dân eu lai cô thôi quen do râc xuong kênh rach. Thành pho thai ra trung bînh 1300 tan râc/ngày. Câc phiiông tien thu gom và xà ly râc rat thieu thon và lac hâu. Boi cânh kinh t£-xâ hôi không thuân loi cho viêc giai quyet van de xu ly râc. Nhieu nhà trong câc khu cu"tru nghèo không cô nhà vê sinh riêng. Vain côn ton tai nhà vê sinh trên kênh rach.
Vôi môi truong song nhu vây, cong thêm mot yeu to bât loi nua là y thuc giu gîn vê sinh và bao vê suc khoe cua nguôi dân rat thap, câc bênh truyen nhiem nhu' sot xuat huyet, câc loai bênh duông ruôt gia tâng. Cô moi tuong quan giua mue dô suy thoâi cua câc yeu to ha tang nêu trên, câc yeu to kinh t�-xa hôi nhif trînh dô hoc van, mue thu nhâp ciia dân ctf và tinh hinh phât triên b§nh.
Mot sô phuong ân nhàm giai quyet van de cap, thoât m/de, xu ly râc dâ duoe de nghi, nhung chua diloc thuc hiên vi thieu nguôn tài chânh. Trong lue cho dçi, dân eu' dâ cô nhieu no lue trong công tâc giâo duc vê sinh và suc khoe, tu minh cai thiên môi tru'ong sông trong khu phô, và cô mot so ket qua. Tuy nhiên, mot giai phâp toàn bô cho thành phô chifa thë dat diidc ngay trong ngân han.Degradation in the Conditions of Urban Living and Health Problems Concerning the Inhabitants of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 1990. Ho Chi Minh City, ex-Saigon, was planned for only 500.000 inhabitants. In its 12 urban districts, it has, at present, a population of 3 200 00 people. Ho Chi Minh City is experiencing grave problems due to an unrelenting demographic pressure.
The urban infrastructure and facilities (water supply ; drainage system for waste waters : garbage and human waste disposal) have become seriously degraded.
As a result of the demographic pressure, the proportion of poor people who migrate from rural areas has increased : the slums have expanded. The poor are the first victims of the degradation in the urban environment. Contagious diseases are on the rise in the slums.
We have limited our study of the urban environment to three components : water supply, evacuation of waste waters, disposal of garbage and human waste. Degradation of any of these three can have dramatic consequences on the health of the urban population.
There is a serious shortage of drinking water in the slums : 15 to 20 liters per person, per day. The average water consumption in the 12 urban districts of Ho Chi Minh City is 60 liters per person, per day. In the rich quarters, the average is 100 to 130 liters per person, per day. The quality of the drinking water in the city is poor. Since the supply network is too obsolete, the proportion of lost water is high : 30 %. A drainage system exists only in the districts of the center. Many places are flooded during the rainy season. The river and canals are polluted by waste waters and garbage. A lot of toilets do not conform to hygienic norms.
Under these conditions, contagious diseases such as dengue fever and intestinal ailments have increased. The main factors which have a deleterious effect on people's health are : a shortage of drinking water, a poor drainage system for waste waters, poor gathering and treatment of garbage, the existence of human waste in the canals, incredibly poor housing conditions.
Various solutions have been proposed : financing, however, is not available. Therefore, for immediate measures, à policy of promoting local actions for urban community development would be useful.La population totale de Ho Chi Minh-Ville (l'ancienne Saigon) atteint plus de quatre millions d'habitants, dont 3,2 millions vivent dans les 12 districts urbains. La ville, prévue pour 500 000 habitants au début du XXe siècle, s'est beaucoup développée spatialement. Elle souffre à l'heure actuelle d'une immigration continue et pourtant, l'infrastructure urbaine ne s'est pas développée au rythme approprié, surtout depuis 1975. Il en résulte une dégradation de plus en plus grave de l'infrastructure urbaine, des équipements publics, des conditions de logement. La population pauvre est la première victime de cette dégradation. Les maladies contagieuses augmentent dans les quartiers d'habitat pauvres.
Le contenu de cette étude est limité aux aspects suivants : l'approvisionnement en eau, l'évacuation des eaux pluviales et usées et des ordures, des excrétas humains, dont la dégradation peut avoir des conséquences négatives sur la santé de la population citadine.
L'approvisionnement en eau courante est très insuffisant dans les quartiers pauvres : 15 à 20 litres/personne/jour, bien inférieur à la moyenne de la ville (dans les 12 districts urbains) : 60 litres/personne/jour. La moyenne dans les quartiers riches est de 1 00 à 1 30 1 itres/personne/jour. Dans plusieurs quartiers périphériques, la population doit «acheter» l'eau potable. Dans toute la ville, la qualité de l'eau courante ne remplit pas les normes d'hygiène. Le pourcentage des pertes dues à l'état désuet du réseau est élevé : supérieur à 30 %.
Le réseau des égouts pour l 'évacuation des eaux pluviales et eaux usées est limité aux districts du centre. Plusieurs lieux sont inondés pendant la saison des pluies. Les rivières et canaux sont pollués et obstrués en maints points, car les eaux usées se jettent directement dans les canaux. La ville doit évacuer en moyenne 1 300 tonnes d'ordures/ jour. Les moyens font gravement défaut et le contexte socio-économique n'est pas favorable à une solution rationnelle du problème de l'évacuation des ordures. Une proportion importante des logements n'est pas équipée de W.C. répondant aux normes d'hygiène publique. Dans ces conditions, les maladies contagieuses telles que la fièvre hémorragique dengue, les maladies d'infection intestinale se développent. On observe des corrélations entre ces maladies et le degré de dégradation des éléments sus-mentionnés de l'environ¬ nement urbain, ainsi que d'autres facteurs socio-économiques : le niveau d'instruction, le revenu, et les connaissances de l'hygiène de la population.
Différentes solutions pour résoudre les problèmes de l'approvisionnement en eau, de l'évacuation des eaux pluviales et usées et des ordures ont été proposées sous forme de projets bien élaborés. Par manque de moyens financiers, ces projets n'ont pas encore été mis en œuvre. En attendant, des efforts pour développer l'éducation de la santé, pour mettre en place des projets au niveau local s'avèrent nécessaires pour améliorer le cadre de vie de la population pauvre.Ngoc-Du Thai-Thi, Gia Tran Pham, Ngo Thanh Loan. Dégradation du cadre de vie urbain et problèmes de santé de la population citadine à Ho Chi Minh-Ville, Vietnam (1990). In: Cahiers d'outre-mer. N° 184 - 46e année, Octobre-décembre 1993. pp. 349-398
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