21 research outputs found
Characterization of mutants of a highly cross-reactive calcium-binding protein from Brassica pollen for allergen-specific immunotherapy
No full textAbstract not availableTetiana Garmatiuk, Ines Swoboda, Anna Twardosz-Kropfmüller, Fabio Dall’Antonia,
Walter Keller, Mohan B.Singh, Prem L. Bhalla, Takashi Okada, Kinya Toriyama, Milena
Weber, Minoo Ghannadan, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Katharina Blatt, Peter Valent, Brigitte
Klein, Verena Niederberger, Mirela Curin, Nadja Balic, Susanne Spitzauer and Rudolf
Valent
Herbicide accumulation and evolution in reservoir sediments
No full textThe aim of the present study was to understand the effect of reservoir configurations on sediment pesticide
fate. Two dams were selected on the River Garonne, in southwest France: Carbonne and Golfech, both with
reservoirs subject to accumulation of herbicide-contaminated sediment. They are situated upstream and
downstream respectively of an agricultural and urban area: the Mid-Garonne. The results presented include
pesticide concentrations and C/N ratios in the smaller sediment particles (b2 mm) and values of oxygenation
and herbicide concentrations in the water.
The dynamic behaviour of sediment in the reservoirs is discussed. The present study shows that the
theoretical lifespan (weak remanence in vitro) and the results actually observed in the sediment are
conflicting. Pesticide contamination in Carbonne indicates conservation, even accumulation, of herbicide
molecules while in Golfech transformation processes clearly dominate. The hydromorphological position of
Golfech reservoir, i.e. located at the junction of two rivers with contrasting hydrological regimes and very
different oxygenation conditions, leads to accelerated pesticide desorption or degradation. Unfortunately,
this configuration is rare
Wirkungsuntersuchungen für die Belastungsgebiete Erlangen-Fürth-Nürnberg und Ingolstadt-Neustadt-Kelheim Studie
No full textIsolation and Characterization of a Polypeptide from Yoshida Ascites Carcinoma Cells which Binds to Adenine<i>in vivo</i>
No full textApproche spatio-temporelle de la contamination par les herbicides de pré-levée du biotope de la Garonne Moyenne
No full textL'application au milieu naturel d'un protocole de dosage des herbicides dans le sédiment a permit de dresser une cartographie de la contamination des sédiments et des eaux de surface appariées par les produits phytosanitaires. Au travers de ce premier état de la contamination du biotope aquatique, l'étude identifiera et caractérisera les sites où la charge en pesticides est la plus élevée : dans un contexte urbain et dans les discontinuités majeures propices à l'accumulation du sédiment (barrages). Des investigations furent alors menées pour comparer l'activité biologique du sédiment à sa charge en herbicides. Des carottages furent réalisés à des lieux marquants de la Garonne via la diagénèse précoce (Malause). ABSTRACT : Application to the natural environment of a protocol of proportionning of the herbicide in sediment made possible to draw up a cartography of the sediment and surface water contamination paired by the plant health products. Through this first state of the aquatic biotope contamination, the study will identify and characterize the sites where the pesticides accumulation is highest: in an urban context and in major discontinuities favourable to the sediment accumulation (dams). Investigations were carried out to compare the biological activity of the sediment with its herbicide concentration. Corings were carried out with the outstanding ones of the Garonne via the early diagenesis (Malause)
Molecular and immunological characterization of a novel timothy grass (Phleum pratense) pollen allergen, Phl p 11
No full textAntigens drive memory IgE responses in human allergy via the nasal mucosa.
No full textBACKGROUND: Natural allergen contact induces an increase of IgE levels and sensitivity but the mechanisms underlying the allergen-specific memory responses are poorly understood. Furthermore, it has not been studied whether allergen exposure affects the molecular reactivity profiles in patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of nasal allergen encounter on the molecular profile and magnitude of memory IgE responses and on systemic sensitivity. METHODS: We investigated allergen-specific IgE, IgG subclass and IgM responses to defined allergen molecules (grass pollen: Phl p 1, Phl p 2 and Phl p 5; birch pollen: Bet v 1 and Bet v 2) in allergic patients in response to natural as well as to controlled nasal and dermal allergen exposure. Changes in systemic sensitivity were monitored by skin prick testing and by basophil histamine release experiments. RESULTS: Respiratory antigen exposure boosted IgE levels to a pre-established profile of allergen molecules without inducing significant IgM responses or new IgE specificities in allergic individuals. The importance of the route of allergen contact is demonstrated by an increase of systemic IgE levels and sensitivity after nasal exposure. In vitro sensitisation of basophils with pre- and post-seasonal serum samples suggests an allergen-induced elevation of specific IgE as a cause for the increased allergen-specific sensitivity. CONCLUSION: The characteristics of the allergen-driven antibody responses indicate a direct activation of an established pool of IgE memory cells with defined specificities as an underlying mechanism. Our finding that nasal allergen contact is a major factor for the boosting of memory IgE and systemic sensitivity may open new therapeutic possibilities
Hypoallergenic derivatives of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 obtained by rational sequence reassembly
No full textMolecular and immunological characterization of profilin from mugwort pollen
No full textIn late summer in Europe, pollen of mugwort is one of the major sources of atopic allergens. No information about the complete molecular structure of any mugwort allergen has been published so far. Here we report the isolation and characterization of mugwort pollen cDNA clones coding for two isoforms of the panallergen profilin. Thirtysix percent of the mugwort allergic patients tested displayed IgE antibodies against natural and recombinant profilin, and no significant differences were observed in the IgEbinding properties of the isoforms. One profilin isoform was purified to homogeneity and detailed structural analysis indicated that the protein exists in solution as dimers and tetramers stabilized by sulfydryl and/or ionic interactions. Profilin monomers were detectable only after exposure of multimers to harsh denaturing conditions. Dimers and tetramers did not significantly differ in their ability to bind serum IgE from mugwort pollenallergic patients. However, oligomeric forms might have a higher allergenic potential than monomers because larger molecules would have additional epitopes for IgEmediated histamine release. Profilin isolated from mugwort pollen also formed multimers. Thus, oligomerization is not an artifact resulting from the recombinant production of the allergen. Inhibition experiments showed extensive IgE crossreactivity of recombinant mugwort profilin and profilin from various pollen and food extracts
Immunoglobulin E Response to Human Proteins in Atopic Patients
No full textThe demonstration that human IgE recognizes both exogenous allergens and structurally related human proteins has led to the hypothesis that IgE autoreactivity may be a pathogenic factor in atopic diseases. To determine the frequency of occurrence as well as the disease specificity of this phenomenon, we tested sera from patients with atopic diseases and, for control purposes, from persons with immunologically mediated disorders for serum IgE reactivity with nitrocellulose-blotted human proteins. We found that 12 of 20 sera from atopic patients with pronounced skin lesions contained Western blot-detectable IgE antibodies. Patients suffering predominantly from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis as well as control individuals failed to display serum IgE autoreactivity, but occasionally exhibited elevated serum IgE levels. The molecular weights of the IgE-defined autoantigens ranged predominantly from 10 to 100 kDa. Whereas some of these were expressed in only certain cell types, others were detected in histogenetically different cells. Our results suggest that IgE autoimmunity occurs frequently in atopic dermatitis patients and may be of pathogenic relevance for the chronicity of skin manifestations typical of this disease
