558 research outputs found
Georreferenciamento e validação do cadastro das usinas fornecedoras de etanol no Brasil.
No full textEste trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a geolocalização das plantas industriais fornecedoras de etanol, elaborar e colocar à disposição arquivos vetoriais do tipo ?shapefile? (ESRI), para visualização desta distribuição espacial no território nacional, bem como servir de banco de dados fonte para trabalhos de geoprocessamento relacionados à identificação de regiões produtoras de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil
Balanço de energia e evapotranspiração por sensoriamento remoto em áreas tropicais e subtropicais do Brasil
No full textA agricultura irrigada é responsável por 47 da retirada de água dos mananciais no Brasil. A extração excessiva desse recurso pode afetar o clima, os regimes fluviais e as taxas de vazões, comprometendo a disponibilidade hídrica. Nesse contexto, o objetivo principal do trabalho foi analisar o consumo de água pela agricultura irrigada no processo de evapotranspiração em áreas de clima tropical e subtropical. Para isso, empregou-se o algoritmo SEBAL/METRIC nas imagens dos satélites LANDSAT 5 e 7. A validação do resultado foi realizada por meio da comparação entre os dados estimados e os obtidos pelo sistema de correlações turbulentas, coletados nas torres micrometeorológicas de Brasília-DF (clima tropical) e Paraíso do Sul-RS (clima subtropical). Os erros absolutos e relativos da evapotranspiração diária foram de 0,24 e 9,1% em Brasília e 0,03 e 0,5% em Paraíso do Sul, o que garante ao algoritmo a confiabilidade para estimar esta variável nos climas selecionados. Os resultados médios da Agricultura Irrigada foram comparados aos encontrados nas classes Cerrado/Pastagens e Campo/Pastagens, considerando que retratam da melhor forma possível os usos naturais dos respectivos climas. Nas áreas de clima tropical, a classe agricultura irrigada obteve valores médios absolutos entre 2,5 e 2,9 , aproximando-se dos adquiridos em Cerrado/Pastagens (2,1 a 2,9 ), com diferenças relativas entre -2,5 e 20,1 . Entretanto, nas áreas de clima subtropical o contraste foi mais expressivo. Observaram-se resultados médios absolutos de 5,7 a 6,3 (agricultura irrigada), enquanto que em Campo/Pastagens os valores ficaram entre 3,2 a 4,4 . As diferenças relativas foram de 42,9 a 77,9 . Portanto, concluiu-se que o consumo de água pelo processo de evapotranspiração foi maior nos cultivos irrigados de clima subtropical.The irrigated agriculture is responsible for 47% of hydric consumption from water reservoirs in Brasil. The excessive extraction of that resource may cause problems to climate, river systems and water bodies. In this context, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the water consumption from irrigated agriculture on evapotranspiration process in tropical and subtropical areas. The evapotranspiration was estimated using the SEBAL/METRIC algorithm and images from satellites LANDSAT 5 and 7. The results of the estimates were validated using measurements from two micrometeorological towers installed in Brasília-DF (tropical climate) and Paraíso do Sul-RS (subtropical climate). The absolute and relative errors of daily evapotranspiration were 0,24 and 9,1% in Brasília and 0,03 and 0,5% in Paraíso do Sul, evidencing the applicability of algorithm for estimate that variable on climates chosen. The averages results from Irrigated Agriculture were compared to GrasslandPastures and Herbaceous VegetationPastures, because these classes characterize of better possible way the natural uses on respective climates. At the tropical climate areas, the absolute average results of Irrigated Agriculture class stayed between 2,5 and 2,9 , approaching of GrasslandPastures (2,1 a 2,9 ), with relative differences between -2,5 e 20,1 . However, at the subtropical climate areas, the differences were more significant. The Irrigated Agriculture class presented average values of 5,7 and 6,3 . At Herbaceous VegetationPastures class, the results stayed between 3,2 and 4,4 , with relative differences between 42,9 and 77,9 . Therefore, the hydric consumption from evapotranspiration processes was bigger in the irrigated croplands of subtropical climate areas
Apresentação e funcionalidades do portal do laboratório de agrometeorologia: embrapa clima temperado - pelotas/RS.
No full textAnálise do comportamento de NDVI e NDWI para a cultura da soja no município de Tupanciretã-RS nas safras de 2000-2001 e 2004-2005
No full textIn extreme meteorological events such as the drought, the spectral response of vegetation is presented in a differentiate way. These differences can be noticed by the rates of vegetation. In this context, the study had the objective analyze the behavior of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) of soya culture in the municipality of Tupanciretã (Estate of Rio Grande do Sul-Brazil), in distinct periods of crop: with normal precipitation occurrence (2000-2001), and with drought occurrence (2004-2005). The maps generated allowed observe areas most affected, can be utilized for planning of immediate actions in future events, in order of minimization impacts caused by drought anomalies. The results of the rates of vegetation could be matched with the data of agricultural production from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), demonstrating that the responsible organs are unprepared to deal with events of this magnitude, considering that the performance dramatically decreased in the crop that occurred the drought. Key-words: vegetation index; soya culture; drought anomalies; crop production.Pages: 31-3
O registro e o uso da técnica de fusão de imagens para análise da cobertura e uso da terra na sub-bacia hidrográfica Arroio Pimenta, Arroio do Padre-RS
No full textRegistration is one of the first steps in image processing, necessary to integrate spatial data into one common coordinate system. With the adjusted images it is possible to make image fusion, which consists of a technique to fuse multispectral and panchromatic images, providing a hybrid image with enhanced resolution. Based on these statements, the study initially evaluates the ability of Regeemy 0.2.43 in the georeference of images from different sensors. Their results are later used to create fused images, by IHS-transformation. Finally, we evaluated the use of these images to identify land use and land cover patterns in the Arroio Pimenta basin, in the municipality of Arroio do Padre-RS. The results demonstrate that the fused images obtained from CBERS sensors -CCD and HRC - produced good results, making easier the identification of different land cover types in this area where small farms predominate. Key-words: IHS-transformation, sensor CCD, sensor HRC, software Regeemy 0.2.43.Pages: 3865-387
Estudo e otimização de um atuador linear com imã permanente e alta frequência de ressonância aplicado a sistemas de refrigeração
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Florianópolis, 2009Este trabalho aborda o estudo de um atuador linear para aplicação em compressores herméticos. Primeiramente, apresenta-se uma revisão básica sobre os aspectos gerais dos sistemas de refrigeração. Desenvolve-se a modelagem analítica do atuador, utilizando o modelo de relutância para cálculo do fluxo magnético e para obtenção da força eletromotriz induzida. O atuador é, então, modelado a partir das equações de Maxwell para o problema magnetostático. Essas equações são resolvidas usando-se o MEF com o auxílio de software. Devido à simetria do atuador é usada a formulação axissimétrica em potencial vetor. Em seguida, apresenta-se a metodologia de cálculo desenvolvida nesse trabalho para projetar um atuador. O trabalho também mostra a metodologia experimental e a bancada de testes utilizada durante as medições, onde se optou pelo conceito de acoplamento Back-to-Back dos motores avaliados. Além disso, métodos de otimização são estudados e o atuador proposto é otimizado com uma ferramenta de otimização baseada em algoritmos genéticos. Por fim, os resultados obtidos analítica e numericamente são comparados com os resultados obtidos em medições experimentais. A boa concordância entre os resultados permite validar a metodologia de projeto proposta nesse trabalho.The aim of this work is to study a linear actuator for the application in hermetic compressors. Firstly, a basic review on the general aspects of refrigeration systems is presented, which is followed by the analytical modeling of the linear actuator, using the reluctance model for the magnetic flux and induced electromotive force calculations. The actuator is then modeled from Maxwell's equations for the magnetostatic problem, which are solved using the Finite Element Method supported by the software FEMM. Due to the symmetry of the actuator an axi-symmetric vector potential formulation is used. After that, the developed calculation procedure to design the actuator is presented, as well as the experimental methodology and the test bench used for the measurement of the prototypes performance, where the "Back-to-Back" coupling concept is chosen. Moreover, optimization methods are studied and the proposed actuator is optimized with an optimization tool based on genetic algorithms. Finally, the results obtained analytically and numerically are compared to the results obtained in experimental measurement. The good agreement between the results allows to validate the design methodology proposed in this work
Trypanosoma cruzi genome plasticity and evolution
No full textTrypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan from the Kinetoplastidae family, is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a major public health problem affecting mostly the poorest areas of Latin America. Due to the complex nature of the parasite’s genome it has been impossible to produce a complete reference genome sequence, thus hampering the implementation of post- genomic approaches to unveil the mechanisms of generation of antigenic variation and the identification of new drug targets. My doctoral studies have focused on the application of combined genome sequencing and computational methods to produce a complete reference T. cruzi genome sequence and perform comparative analyses to better understand the mechanisms that allow T. cruzi to evade the mammalian host immune system and to briskly adapt to novel environments.In paper I and II, different genome assembly strategies and second generation sequencing technologies were implemented to perform comparative analyses to identify elements of virulence between T. cruzi and two trypanosomatids that are non-pathogenic to humans: Trypanosoma cruzi marinkellei, a bat-restricted sub-species of the T. cruzi clade and the human avirulent species Trypanosoma rangeli. The studies reveal the expansion of T. cruzi- specific genomic traits specialised in the invasion of mammalian cells.In paper III, using third-generation, PacBio sequencing data it was possible to assemble the complete reference genome sequence of a Trypanosoma cruzi isolate from the DTU-I clade. This breakthrough allowed us - for the first time - to explore in detail the genome architecture of the subtelomeric areas where many parasite virulence factors are encoded. One of the most interesting discoveries was the overrepresentation of interspersed retrotransposons and microsatellites in tandem gene arrays coding for surface molecules, hinting at a retrotransposon-driven mechanism of recombination for generating new sequence variants. Whole genome sequencing of 35 T. cruzi DTU-I isolates, collected from different locations in the American continent, made possible to identify and characterise the mechanisms of adaptability employed by the parasite.Finally, paper IV analyses the mechanisms of genomic hybridisation in T. cruzi and the evolution over time of the hybrid offspring. The analysis revealed that during hybrid formation, the parasite integrates genetic material from each parental strains with the aid of retrotransposons and microsatellites, and the genome of these hybrid isolates moves quickly from a tetraploid to a diploid state. As a result, the hybrid strain has more genetic material, mostly in the subtelomeres, providing the parasite with a pool of new surface molecule genes with the potential to possibly increase its fitness in a new environment.In conclusion, the work presented here has advanced the understanding of parasite biology and provided a genomic resource to be exploited for the identification of drug targets and vaccine candidates.List of scientific papersI. Oscar Franzén, Carlos Talavera-López, Stephen Ochaya, Claire E. Buttler, Louisa A. Messenger, Michael D. Lewis, Martin S. Llewellyn, Cornelis J. Marinkelle, Kevin M. Tyler, Michael A. Miles, Björn Andersson. Comparative genomic analysis of human infective Trypanosoma cruzi lineages with the bat-restricted subspecies T. cruzi marinkellei. BMC Genomics (2012) 13:531. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-13-531 II. Patricia Hermes Stoco, Glauber Wagner, Carlos Talavera-López, Alexandra Gerber, Arnaldo Zaha, Claudia Elizabeth Thompson, Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu, Débora Denardin Lückemeyer, Diana Bahia, Elgion Loreto, Elisa Beatriz Prestes, Fabio Mitsuo Lima, Gabriela Rodrigues-Luiz, Gustavo Adolfo Vallejos, José Franco da Silveira Filho, Sérgio Schenkman, Karina Mariante Monteiro, Kevin Morris Tyler, Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida, Mauro Freitas Ortiz, Miguel Angel Chiurillo, Milene Höehr de Moraes, Oberdan de Lima Cunha, Rondon Mendoça-Neto, Rosane Silva, Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira, Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta, Thais Cristine Marques Sincero, Tiago Antonio de Oliveira Mendes, Turán Peter Urmenyi, Viviane Grazielle Silva, Wanderson Duarte DaRocha, Björn Andersson, Álvaro José Romanha, Mario Steindel, Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos, Edmundo Carlos Grisard. Genome of the avirulent human-infective trypanosome – Trypanosoma rangeli. PLoS Neglected and Tropical Diseases 8(9): e3176. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003176 III. Carlos N. Talavera-López, Louisa A. Messenger, Michael D. Lewis, Juan D. Ramírez, Felipe Guhl, Henán Carrasco, Sofía Ocana, Jaime A. Costales, Edmundo C. Grisard, Daniella C. Bartholomeu, Santuza M. R. Teixeira, María E. Bottazzi, Peter J. Hotez, Barbara Burgleigh, Michael A. Miles, Björn Andersson. Genome analysis of the Trypanosoma cruzi DTU-I clade reveals mechanisms to generate antigenic diversity. [Submitted]IV. Carlos N. Talavera-López, Michael D. Lewis, Louisa A. Messenger, Matthew Yeo, Michael A. Miles, Björn Andersson. Comparative genomic analyses of Trypanosoma cruzi experimental hybrids reveal mechanism of genetic exchange. [Manuscript]</p
Generation of Functional CLL-Specific Cord Blood CTL Using CD40-Ligated CLL APC
No full textPMCID: PMC3526610This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
An Ultra-Low-Power Application-Specific Processor for Compressed Sensing
No full textCompressed sensing (CS) is a universal low-complexity data compression technique for signals that have a sparse representation in some domain. While CS data compression can be done both in the analog- and digital domain, digital implementations are often used on low-power sensor nodes, where an ultra-low-power (ULP) processor carries out the algorithm on Nyquist-rate sampled data. In such systems an energy-efficient implementation of the CS compression kernel is a vital ingredient to maximize battery lifetime. In this paper, we propose an application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP) processor that has been optimized for CS data compression and for operation in the subthreshold (sub-VT) regime. The design is equipped with specific sub-VT capable standard-cell based memories, to enable low-voltage operation with low leakage. Our results show that the proposed ASIP accomplishes 62× speed-up and 11.6× power savings with respect to a straightforward CS implementation running on the baseline low-power processor without instruction set extensions
Author Correction: Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (1481), 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9)
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations. Cecilia Reyna was incorrectly associated with ‘Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC). Facultad de Psicología (UNC), Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. de la Reforma esquina, Enfermera Gordillo s/n, Córdoba, Argentina.’ instead of the correct ‘Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CABA, República Argentina.’ This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article. © The Author(s) 202
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