243 research outputs found
Visualisering av Trianguleringer og Trianguleringsprosesser
No full textVisualisering av trianguleringer og trianguleringsprosesser
Sammendrag av hovedfagsoppgave
Per-Idar Evensen
Bakgrunnen for denne hovedfagsoppgaven var ønsket om en interaktiv trianguleringsapplikasjon som primært skulle brukes i undervisningssammenheng. Denne applikasjonen skulle ta utgangpunkt i pensumet som undervises i trianguleringskurset ved Institutt for informatikk, INF-MAT5370 (tidligere INF-TT), og være et hjelpemiddel til å illustrere og demonstrere sentrale deler av dette. I tillegg skulle applikasjonen anvende trianguleringsbiblioteket TTL (Triangulation Template Library) og dermed også være en slags demoapplikasjon for dette biblioteket.
Dette er hovedsakelig en oppgave innenfor visualisering. Applikasjonen visualiserer Delaunay-trianguleringer i planet, med og uten føringer, som blir beregnet av TTL. I tillegg har vi plukket ut noen andre konsepter relatert til Delaunay-trianguleringer, som Voronoi-diagram, omskrivende sirkler og influensregion, og visualisert disse. Applikasjonen bruker OpenGL til å generere datagrafikken.
Hovedproblemstillingen i oppgaven har vært å finne hensiktsmessige måter for å visualisere Delaunay-trianguleringer og teorien rundt disse. Applikasjonen vi har laget har, høy grad av brukerinteraksjon. Den har blant annet en nyttig funksjon hvor brukeren kan ta tak i og flytte en node rundt i trianguleringen, som da oppdateres fortløpende i sanntid. Dette gir brukeren mulighet til fritt å utforske forskjellige situasjoner som kan oppstå i en Delaunay-triangulering.
Vi har kalt applikasjonen for TriangTutor, fordi den først og fremst er en applikasjon som skal brukes til å lære trianguleringsteori. Det er meningen at TriangTutor både skal kunne brukes av en lærer eller foreleser til å illustrere og demonstrere teori og av studenter for å prøve ut forskjellige situasjoner og kanskje få en bedre forståelse av teorien. Det er lagt vekt på at applikasjonen skal være brukervennlig og enkel å ta i bruk. Den er dessuten plattformuavhengig, og det foreligger både en Windows-versjon og en Linux/Unix-versjon. Det er også lagt vekt på å lage en godt strukturert kode som er fyldig kommentert, slik at hele eller deler av denne kan brukes som basis for nye hovedoppgaver
Delirium is associated with low levels of upright activity in geriatric inpatients—results from a prospective observational study
No full textBackground: Delirium is common in geriatric inpatients and associated with poor outcomes. Hospitalization is associated with low levels of physical activity. Motor symptoms are common in delirium, but how delirium affects physical activity remains unknown. Aims: To investigate differences in physical activity between geriatric inpatients with and without delirium. Methods: We included acutely admitted patients ≥ 75 years in a prospective observational study at a medical geriatric ward at a Norwegian University Hospital. Delirium was diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Physical activity was measured by an accelerometer-based device worn on the right thigh. The main outcome was time in upright position (upright time) per 24 h (00.00 to 23.59) on the first day of hospitalization with verified delirium status. Group differences were analysed using t test. Results: We included 237 patients, mean age 86.1 years (Standard Deviation (SD) 5.1), and 73 patients (30.8%) had delirium. Mean upright time day 1 for the entire group was 92.2 min (SD 84.3), with 50.9 min (SD 50.7) in the delirium group and 110.6 min (SD 89.7) in the no-delirium group, mean difference 59.7 minutes, 95% Confidence Interval 41.6 to 77.8, p value < 0.001. Discussion: Low levels of physical activity in patients with delirium raise the question if immobilization may contribute to poor outcomes in delirium. Future studies should investigate if mobilization interventions could improve outcomes of delirium. Conclusions: In this sample of geriatric inpatients, the group with delirium had lower levels of physical activity than the group without delirium
Dialogical Approaches to Trust in Communication
No full textThe anthology focuses on trust in communication theoretically and empirically, especially in institutions. Authors include P.Linell, I.Marková, M. Grossen, K.Aronsson, C. Tileaga, A.Gillespie, J. Salgado, T. Zittoun, L.S. Evensen, J.Allwood, C. Cornej
Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment
No full textBackground Treatment of cancer is increasingly more effective but is associated with short and long term side effects. Oral side effects remain a major source of illness despite the use of a variety of agents to prevent them. One of these side effects is oral mucositis (mouth ulcers). Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic agents for oral mucositis in patients with cancer receiving treatment, compared with other potentially active interventions, placebo or no treatment. Search strategy Electronic searches of Cochrane Oral Health Group and PaPaS Trials Registers (to 1 June 2010), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 2), MEDLINE via OVID (1950 to 1 June 2010), EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 1 June 2010), CINAHL via EBSCO (1980 to 1 June 2010), CANCERLIT via PubMed (1950 to 1 June 2010), OpenSIGLE (1980 to 2005) and LILACS via the Virtual Health Library (1980 to 1 June 2010) were undertaken. Reference lists from relevant articles were searched and the authors of eligible trials were contacted to identify trials and obtain additional information. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials of interventions to prevent oral mucositis in patients receiving treatment for cancer. Data collection and analysis Information regarding methods, participants, interventions, outcome measures, results and risk of bias were independently extracted, in duplicate, by two review authors. Authors were contacted for further details where these were unclear. The Cochrane Collaboration statistical guidelines were followed and risk ratios calculated using random-effects models. Main results A total of 131 studies with 10,514 randomised participants are now included. Nine interventions, where there was more than one trial in the meta-analysis, showed some statistically significant evidence of a benefit (albeit sometimes weak) for either preventing or reducing the severity of mucositis, compared to either a placebo or no treatment. These nine interventions were: allopurinol, aloe vera, amifostine, cryotherapy, glutamine (intravenous), honey, keratinocyte growth factor, laser, and polymixin/tobramycin/amphotericin (PTA) antibiotic pastille/paste. Authors' conclusions Nine interventions were found to have some benefit with regard to preventing or reducing the severity of mucositis associated with cancer treatment. The strength of the evidence was variable and implications for practice include consideration that benefits may be specific for certain cancer types and treatment. There is a need for further well designed, and conducted trials with sufficient numbers of participants to perform subgroup analyses by type of disease and chemotherapeutic agent. This review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 12. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the Review.</p
Analysis of the Norwegian NFC Mobile Payment Business Ecosystem
No full textNear Field Communication (NFC) has for a long time been assumed to become the technology that would finally bring mobile payment services to consumers on a large scale. However, a broad adoption of such services still remains to be seen. In Norway, the most prominent bank and mobile network operator created the joint venture TSM Nordic with the purpose of releasing the mobile payment wallet application, Valyou.
This payment service solution requires the establishment of a new payment ecosystem, based on the existing payment and mobile network infrastructure. The inclusion of new actors, and changing the roles of the existing ones, have made this introduction process and the resulting ecosystem both complex and challenging. After many years of testing and development, Valyou will finally be released in 2014.
This master thesis describes this business environment and its involved actors from a business ecosystem perspective. Building on a series of interviews and reviews of relevant literature, the study assesses challenges for TSM Nordic in making this ecosystem sustainable and suggests how this development can be approached.
THE NORWEGIAN NFC MOBILE PAYMENT BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM
The analysis of the conceptual mobile payment business ecosystem identifies 13 roles needed in any NFC based mobile payment ecosystem. Furthermore, the Norwegian actors within each role are presented. As the value creation in the ecosystem is proportional to the number of consumers adopting and using the mobile payment service, the four roles with direct ties to the consumer were assessed to be key roles. These are:
1) TSM, 2) bank, 3) mobile network operator (MNO) and 4) merchant
The other involved roles are equally important for the ecosystem to be fully functional, and serve as enablers for the services.
CHALLENGES IN ESTABLISHING A SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEM
With the basis in the described ecosystem, this report assesses the challenges of enhancing its sustainability. The findings in the study indicate that the main issue in establishing a sustainable Norwegian mobile payment business ecosystem is the chicken-and-egg paradox relating to merchant recruitment and consumer adoption being paralyzed by each other s hesitance to join the ecosystem. Related to this circular key issue, other challenges are also identified, and this can be summarized as follows:
1) Consumer adoption poses a challenge because of:
An insufficient amount of merchants having activated the necessary infrastructure
Limited market reach caused by only partial participation among banks and MNOs in addition to handsets not supporting NFC technology
An unclear value proposition towards the consumer
2) Recruitment of merchants is challenging because of:
Insufficient demand among consumers to use the service
A weak value proposition and lack of monetary incentives to activate point-of-sale terminals to enable NFC payments
Expensive payment schemes needed for NFC payment transactions which reduce merchants profit margins
Integration with existing loyalty programs not having been undertaken, making merchants unable to offer their established programs
Infrastructure investments needed to support NFC payment
THE ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND STRATEGY FOR TSM NORDIC
The report includes a discussion of the ecosystem s possible development, and presents it as a set of evolutionary stages along with strategic recommendations for TSM Nordic to meet the identified challenges. Three evolutionary stages are discussed, and the Norwegian NFC mobile payment business ecosystem is found to currently be in its first stage of the evolution, namely the birth stage. From here, the ecosystem will either:
1) Evolve through the stages according to our assessment
2) Remain in its current stage if challenges are not resolved in a satisfactory manner, consequently making it unable to reach the next stage
3) Dissolve and cease to exist if implementation of the service fails, or if competing solutions gain a strong enough market position
In order to ensure the realization of scenario 1), and thereby enhance the sustainability of the ecosystem, the following key recommendations are presented:
TSM Nordic should adopt a keystone strategy and aim to maximize the amount of ecosystem actors connected to the Valyou platform.
Incentives for all actors to partake in the ecosystem should be continuously improved.
Barriers against competing mobile payment solutions should be created
Barns tankar om konflikter på fritidshemmet med fokus på genus och normer
No full textThis paper examines, through 13 interviews with children in grades 1 to 3, children’s views on conflicts and friendship. This work has been conducted to capture the view of the child with the specific aim to also discover underlying norms and gender values. The curriculum of the Swedish primary school prescribes an approach that is equal to every child and educationalists generally wish to treat children equally. Despite this, the reality described by current research do not see this equality materialize. In the material of the study a clear difference can be found in how boys and girls respond. Girls can to a significantly greater extent reason and express themselves around the subject of conflicts than boys. In addition girls tend to have a greater capacity to resolve conflicts themselves than boys, who generally are more dependent on assistance from a teacher in conflict resolution. This pattern is consistent with the differences in expectations between boys and girls that research often see adults expressing. Furthermore these children express a view of the educationalist as a problem solver who is expected to provide a ready answer. Overall the children seek friends who are kind and who are there in times of need. The children define friendship as positive and approach based while the impression is that the adult world rather rely on rules. Keywords: child perspective, conflict, gender, norms, friendshi
Relationsmarknadsföring för vinklubbar : Vikten av sociala medier för att etablera, upprätthålla och utveckla relationer
No full textInternets utveckling har banat väg för nya sätt att kommunicera. Inom den svenskavinindustrin har aktörer länge varit bundna till en icke interaktiv marknadsföring. Socialamedier och användarskapad information har blivit ett kraftfullt verktyg inom nämnda industrii takt med att konsumenter alltmer cyniskt genomskådar illa maskerad relationsretorik.Samtidigt har det svenska monopolet haft en mycket stor roll i hur kulturen ochkonsumtionsmönstren kring vininköp sett ut i Sverige. Men privata aktörer som direktkonkurrerar med Systembolaget har ställt detta i ny dager. Den största av dessa aktörer ärvinklubben Australian Wine Club. De förmedlar en stor del av sin värdegrund och vad deerbjuder via Internet och sociala medier. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka till vilkengrad Australian Wine Club skapar relationer med hjälp av sociala medier och var i relationendenna kanal fyller sina viktigaste funktioner. Primär - och sekundärdata har legat till grund föruppsatsens empiriska del. Litteraturstudien innefattar ett antal nyckelbegrepp som vi anservara centrala för att mäta detta syfte, och har hämtats från böcker, akademiska artiklar ochartiklar publicerade på Internet. Slutsatsen är att Australian Wine Club i hög grad utnyttjarkanalen sociala medier i sitt relationsskapande. Kanalen fyller sina viktigaste funktioner ietablerings – och utvecklingsfasen, men dock genom olika funktioner.Internets utveckling har banat väg för nya sätt att kommunicera. Inom den svenskavinindustrin har aktörer länge varit bundna till en icke interaktiv marknadsföring. Socialamedier och användarskapad information har blivit ett kraftfullt verktyg inom nämnda industrii takt med att konsumenter alltmer cyniskt genomskådar illa maskerad relationsretorik.Samtidigt har det svenska monopolet haft en mycket stor roll i hur kulturen ochkonsumtionsmönstren kring vininköp sett ut i Sverige. Men privata aktörer som direktkonkurrerar med Systembolaget har ställt detta i ny dager. Den största av dessa aktörer ärvinklubben Australian Wine Club. De förmedlar en stor del av sin värdegrund och vad deerbjuder via Internet och sociala medier. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka till vilkengrad Australian Wine Club skapar relationer med hjälp av sociala medier och var i relationendenna kanal fyller sina viktigaste funktioner. Primär - och sekundärdata har legat till grund föruppsatsens empiriska del. Litteraturstudien innefattar ett antal nyckelbegrepp som vi anservara centrala för att mäta detta syfte, och har hämtats från böcker, akademiska artiklar ochartiklar publicerade på Internet. Slutsatsen är att Australian Wine Club i hög grad utnyttjarkanalen sociala medier i sitt relationsskapande. Kanalen fyller sina viktigaste funktioner ietablerings – och utvecklingsfasen, men dock genom olika funktioner
Prevalence, birth, and clinical characteristics of dyskinetic cerebral palsy compared with spastic cerebral palsy subtypes: A Norwegian register‐based study
No full textAim: To study the prevalence, birth, and clinical characteristics of children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway compared with spastic quadriplegic CP and other spastic CP subtypes. Method: Data on children born from 1996 to 2015 were collected from the Norwegian Quality and Surveillance Registry for Cerebral Palsy and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Results: One hundred and seventy (6.8%) children had dyskinetic CP. The birth prevalence decreased during 1996 to 2015 from 0.21 to 0.07 per 1000 livebirths (p < 0.001). Dyskinetic CP was more often associated with term/post-term birth, and motor and associated impairments were more severe compared with spastic bilateral and unilateral CP, but less severe than spastic quadriplegic CP. On neuroimaging, grey matter injuries were most prevalent in dyskinetic CP (mainly basal ganglia/thalamus) and spastic quadriplegic CP (mainly cortico-subcortical), white matter injuries in spastic bilateral, and white and grey matter injuries were equally common in spastic unilateral CP. Normal neuroimaging and brain maldevelopment were present in 25% of children with dyskinetic CP. Interpretation: The decrease in birth prevalence of dyskinetic CP was probably due to improved antenatal and perinatal care. Potential sentinel events at term were more common in dyskinetic CP than other spastic CP subtypes. However, probable antenatal aetiologies were most prevalent. Motor and associated impairments were less severe in children with dyskinetic CP compared with spastic quadriplegic CP.publishedVersio
Success Factors for Gross Motor Progress in Children with Cerebral Palsy
No full textSuksessfaktorer for grovmotorisk framgang hos barn med Cerebral Parese
Formålet med dette forskningsprosjektet har vært å fremskaffe mer kunnskap om suksessfaktorer for grovmotorisk framgang hos barn med Cerebral Parese (CP).
I Studie 1 benyttet vi multippel single subject design (ABA over 18 uker) hvor seks barn med CP i alderen 3-11 år, Gross Motor Function Classification System nivå I, II eller IV deltok. Vi fant vi at intensiv målrettet funksjonstrening i 10 timer per uke i seks uker ga høy måloppnåelse og stor grovmotorisk framgang målt med Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) (totalskårer og persentiler).
Studie 2 og 3 var prospektive kohortestudier som inkluderte 442 barn med CP 2-12 år (totalt 2048 målinger), fra Cerebral Pareseregisteret i Norge (CPRN) og Cerebral Parese Oppfølgingsprogram (CPOP). Linear Mixed Models ble benyttet til analysene.
I studie 2 fant vi en dose-respons-sammenheng mellom fysioterapifrekvens og grovmotorisk framgang målt som endring i GMFM-66 persentiler fra ett måletidspunkt til det neste (median 1 år). Fysioterapi minst 1-2 ganger i uka var assosiert med grovmotorisk framgang, mens den største framgangen ble funnet hos barn som fikk fysioterapi 3 ganger i uka eller mer. Antall kontrakturer og epilepsi påvirket denne sammenhengen negativt.
I Studie 3 fant vi at perioder med intensiv trening uavhengig av andre faktorer inkludert i modellen, var assosiert med et mer positivt grovmotorisk utviklingsforløp på lengre sikt når repeterte målinger av GMFM-66 persentiler mellom 2 og 12 år var utfallsmål. De grovmotoriske utviklingskurvene hos barn med utviklingshemming og spiseproblemer lå i gjennomsnitt på et nivå betydelig under kurvene til andre barn. Ankelkontrakturer var med økende alder negativt assosiert med grovmotorisk framgang.
Konklusjon: Intensiv trening og fravær av kontrakturer synes å være suksessfaktorer for grovmotorisk framgang både på kort og lang sikt for barn med CP. Utviklingshemming og spisevansker var assosiert med grovmotoriske utviklingsforløp på et nivå betydelig under forløpene til barn uten disse utfordringene.digital fulltext not avialabl
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