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Relazioni tra stadio morfologico di sviluppo, produttività e qualità del foraggio della sulla in due ambienti collinari
Full text linkSulla is a short-lived Mediterranean perennial legume with remarkable growth in clay and calcareous soils. It is of great
interest for pasture utilisation for its good nutritional value in early stages and bloat-safe characteristics and it may be interesting
for silage conservation due to its high spring yield and sligar content. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of yield and
nutritional characteristics of forage during the first growth cycle and their relationships with the morphological stages in two
environments. The field experiments were set up in Sassari (Sardinia) and Ancona (central Italy). In one year experiment, yield,
DM content, water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), crude protein, NDF, ADF, ADL, andin vitroorganic matter digestibility
(OMD) were determined in the first growth cycle on cultivar Grimaldi in the two environments plus cv. Sparacia in Ancona. The
morphological stage was evaluated and codified with an original scale here proposed based on the Kalu and Fick's scale (1981)
for lucerne. The forage characteristics were regressed on the codified morphological stage and some weather data.The DM content was positively related to the codified stage, and resulted to be particularly low, ranging from 100 to 200
g kg-1, without any difference between cv. and sites (R2adj. = 0.81). The WSC resulted to be dependent on the codified stage, N content in the plant and minimum temperature ofthe day before harvesting (R2adj. = 0.87). The NDF ranged from 300 to 550 g (kg DM)-1and was directly related to growing degree days (DD) and stage. The OMD, which is the most important determinant ofthe nutritive value, was inversely related to the stage and ranged from 758 to 533 g (kg OM)-1as extreme values without difference between cv. in Ancona and in Sassari ranged at a lower level from 714 to 492 g (kg OM)-. Analysing the pooled data of OMD over the sites and cv. the following regression equation was obtained: OMD = -20.7 STAGE -0.111
DD + 830 (R2adj. = 0.90).These relationships indicate the potential usefulness of the numerical codification of the morphological stage adopted for
defining the quality of sulla. The stage, together with DD, resulted to be a promising predictor for the estimation ofOMD of sulla
forage.La sulla, leguminosa mediterranea adatta a suoli argillosi e calcarei, presenta un marcato interesse per l'utilizzo a pascolo
e alcune sue peculiari caratteristiche, tra le quali il buon tenore in carboidrati solubili e l'elevata produttività del taglio
primaverile, potrebbe favorire l'utilizzazione del foraggio per l'insilamento.Lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di studiare l'evoluzione della produzione, delle caratteristiche di insilabilità del
foraggio di sulla in relazione allo stadio morfologico di sviluppo in due ambienti collinari diversi. Da colture di cv. Grimaldi
e Sparacia ad Ancona e cv. Grimaldi a Sassari, nel periodo compreso tra fase vegetativa e allegagione, sono stati raccolti
settimanalmente campioni di foraggio per ciascuno dei quali è stato determinato lo stadio morfologico con un metodo
quantitativo proposto da Kalu e Fick per l'erba medica, adattato per la sulla. Sono stati misurati per ogni rilievo: produzione,
tenore in sostanza secca (s.s.), carboidrati solubili in acqua (CSA), proteina grezza, fibra grezza, NDF, ADF, ADL e digeribilitàin vitrodella sostanza organica (DSO). Le caratteristiche qualitative del foraggio sono state messe in relazione mediante
regressione con lo stadio codificato ed alcune variabili climatiche quali variabili indipendenti.Il contenuto di s.s. è aumentato con l'evolversi dello stadio senza nessuna differenza significativa tra cv. esiti (R2adj. = 0,81). I valori osservati sono particolarmente bassi <130 g (kgS.S.)-1) fino a fioritura. I CSA sono risultati inversamente
correlati con lo stadio codificato, il tenore in N della pianta e la temperatura minima del giorno precedente la raccolta (R2adj. = 0,87). La DSO è risultata inversamente correlata con lo stadio di sviluppo senza differenze fra le cv. ad Ancona, ma ha
evidenziato decrementi settimanali differenti nei due siti, pari a 32 e 37 g (kg S.O.)-1rispettivamente ad Ancona e Sassari.
Dall'analisi di regressione multipla di tutti i dati emerge che il parametro che differenzia la DSO nei due ambienti è la somma
termica (DD), come evidenzia la seguente equazione di regressione unica per cv. esiti:DSO = -20,7 Stadio - 0,111 DD + 830(R2adj. = 0,90).Lo stadio morfologico codificato, assieme alla somma termica, è risultato un parametro fondamentale nello studio
dell'evoluzione della qualità, nonché un promettente predittore per la stima della DSO
Quantifying morphological stage to improve the organisation of the feeding system and enhance yield and quality of sulla and lucerne
No full textA better knowledge of forage legume production physiology in different environments is
necessary to exploit their potential, through new harvesting and grazing systems. The paper reports the results of
several experiments under different environmental conditions on lucerne (Po Valley) and sulla (Sardinia and
central Italy) with the aim of relating the codified stage to forage quality. The OM digestibility, which is known
to be the most important determinant of the nutritive value of forage, resulted to be inversely related to the stage
evolution of both legumes. The use of the quantified morphological stage proved to be an easy pre-harvest tool
to enhance yield and quality of legumes and to determine cutting or grazing schedules, for a profitable
management of the crop
Relazioni tra stadio morfologico di sviluppo, produttività e qualità del foraggio della sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) in due ambienti collinari
No full textBiochemical characterization and antioxidant activities of the edible part of globe artichoke cultivars grown in Tunisia
Full text linkA renewed interest was observed recently in the globe artichoke as a promising source of polyphenols, a heterogeneous class of secondary metabolites characterized by various well-documented healthy properties. However, only few studies characterized Tunisian cultivars. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the chemical parameters [fatty acids (FA), volatiles and phenolic derivatives content] in the edible part, the receptacle, of two globe artichoke cultivars (‘Violet d’Hyéres’ and ‘Blanc d’Oran’), including their antioxidant activities. FA profiles of the receptacles showed that the most abundant acids were linoleic and palmitic ones. Forty-one volatile compounds, accounting for 97.6 - 96.3% of the receptacle aroma emission were identified. Sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons represented the main chemical class, in particular β-selinene followed by β-caryophyllene reached the highest levels in ‘Violet d’Hyéres’ (48.7% and 14.5%, respectively). Total phenols and tannins (P ≤ 0.05), o-diphenols and flavonoids (P ≤ 0.01) were significantly higher in the receptacles of ‘Violet d’Hyéres’ cultivar (73.0, 17.2, 15.4 and 12.2 mg 100 g−1 of fresh weight, respectively). The antioxidant activity was notably phenolic derivatives content-dependent where the higher values were observed in ‘Violet d’Hyéres’ cultivar. Results suggested that globe artichoke receptacles could represent a good source of health-promoting polyphenols with high antioxidant activity and this fact could encourage their consumption. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the variation of the considered compounds in other Tunisian cultivars
In Vitro Digestibility in Animal Nutritional Studies
Full text linkThis book addresses various aspects of in vitro digestibility: • Application of meta-analyses and machine learning methods to predict methane production; • Methane production of sainfoin and alfalfa; • In vitro evaluation of different dietary methane mitigation strategies; • Rumen methanogenesis, rumen fermentation, and microbial community response; • The role of condensed tannins in the in vitro rumen fermentation kinetics; • Fermentation pattern of several carbohydrate sources; • Additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of plant extracts; • In vitro rumen degradation and fermentation characteristics of silage and hay; • In vitro digestibility, in situ degradability, and rumen fermentation of camelina co-products; • Ruminal fermentation parameters and microbial matters to odd- and branched-chain fatty acids; • Comparison of fecal versus rumen inocula for the estimation of NDF digestibility; • Rumen inoculum collected from cows at slaughter or from a continuous fermenter; • Seaweeds as ingredients of ruminant diets; • Rumen in vitro fermentation and in situ degradation kinetics of forage Brassica crops; • In vitro digestibility and rumen degradability of vetch varieties; • Intestinal digestibility in vitro of Vicia sativa varieties; • Ruminal in vitro protein degradation and apparent digestibility of Pisum sativum; • In vitro digestibility studies using equine fecal inoculum; • Effects of gas production recording system and pig fecal inoculum volume on kinetics; • In vitro methods of assessing protein quality for poultry; and • In vitro techniques using the DaisyII incubator
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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