121 research outputs found
Awareness regarding fair trade concept and the factors influencing the fair trade apparel buying behaviour of consumers in Cochin City
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Additional file 1: of A Brazilian cohort of individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome: genotype-phenotype correlation and identification of an atypical case
No full textFigure S1. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) test of atypical individual (P32) and his parents, confirm that its a de novo deletion. Figure S2. 22q13 deletions in 22 patients with renal abnormalities. Table S1. Frequency of dysmorphic features seen in PMS individuals. Table S2. Clinical findings in Brazilian PMS individuals. N/A = not available; + = comorbidity is present in the individual; − = comorbidity absent in the individual; F = female, M = male. Table S3. Clustering analysis of PMS individuals according to the sex and comorbidities seen among them. Table S4. p-value of Mann Whitney test performed for each comorbidity’s frequency and deletion size in our cohort (N = 34). Table S5. Fourteen individuals with 22q13.3 deletion and renal abnormalities previously described in the literature for which data was available online. Table S6. One hundred and one patients from three previously published works (Tabet et al, 2017; Lei et al, 2016; Soorya et al, 2013) and from our cohort included in the analysis of the frequency of renal abnormalities. All chromosomal coordinates are based on the hg19 version of the human reference genome. Color blue = individuals from Tabet et al (2017), green = individuals from Soorya et al (2013), orange = individuals from our cohort, and black = individuals from Lei et al (2016). (DOCX 400 kb
Effect of alkali treated maize fibers, compared with raw maize fibers and their application
No full textSlembistuðlagreining á áhrifum veghönnunarþátta á tíðni umferðarslysa á hraðbrautum
No full textThis dissertation presents a comprehensive modeling basis for analyzing the relationship between geometry and crash occurrence on interstates. The analysis is based on three empirical papers in ISI indexed journals that investigate total crash frequencies on 1,153 directional interchange and non-interchange interstate segments in Washington State, USA for the period 1999 to 2007. The conclusions and recommendations chapter includes insights from a fourth journal paper. It is to be noted that the dissertation author is the first author on all four published articles.
The first paper presents a random parameter negative binomial model of total annual interstate crashes by accounting for roadway segment heterogeneity in the analysis of marginal effects of roadway geometrics. This paper published in Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board of the US National Academy of Sciences shows by proof of concept that a comprehensive geometric database inclusive of travel lanes, shoulder widths, interchange information, horizontal and vertical alignment, in addition to average daily traffic, is useful as a statistical basis for estimation of crash frequencies. Further, the article shows as proof of concept that the parameter heterogeneity is significant in random parameter interstate crash models, and that fixed parameter models are not sufficient.
The second paper, published in Safety Science, outlines a plausible typology for comprehensive evaluation of traffic safety performance. The presented typology integrates network-screening methods with pure outcome based methods, multivariate fixed parameter as well as multivariate random parameter extensions of the Highway Safety Manual safety performance functions. The paper presents a comparative evaluation of these methods based on criteria including, the method's integrability with network screening techniques, data requirements, and model predictive performance. This paper shows the importance of an overall modeling architecture within which specific outcome type models need to be cast for crash model prediction. The findings from this paper suggest that the models estimated in this dissertation have promise in terms of significant updates to safety performance functions outlined in the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials Highway Safety Manual document.
The final paper, published in Accident Analysis and Prevention, extends the random parameter framework from the first paper to an analysis of 21 crash outcomes across four typologies including: a) total crashes by interchange type, b) severity, c) vehicle involvement by count, and d) collision type. The paper shows that segment specific insights can be improved for design policy and prioritization application via comprehensive characterization across multiple outcome types. In addition to the three major scientific contributions outlined above, the dissertation concludes by offering insights from the integration of these works, and by offering insights into future research directions. In particular, recommendations on further research draw upon findings from a fourth published article, (in Analytic Methods in Accident Research).Þessi doktorsritgerð veitir yfirgripsmikinn grunn fyrir líkangerð til þess að rannsaka sambandið á milli vegstærða og slysatíðni á hraðbrautum. Greiningin er byggð á þremur birtum vísindagreinum (í ISI gagnasafninu) sem rannsaka slysatíðni á 1153 stefnubundnum
hraðbrautarköflum, bæði með og án mislægra gatnamóta, í Washingtonríki í Bandaríkjum Norður-Ameríku fyrir tímabilið 1999 til 2007. Niðurstöðurnar og tillögurnar í lok verksins eru einnig byggðar á upplýsingum frá fjórðu vísindagreininni. Það ber að nefna að höfundur ritgerðar þessar er fyrsti höfundur allra greinanna.
Fyrsta greinin kynnir neikvætt tvíkostalíkan með slembnum stuðlum fyrir heildarfjölda umferðarslysa á hraðbrautum þegar tekið er tillit til misleitni vegbúta við könnun á jaðaráhrifum vegstærða. Greinin sem birtist í Transportation Research Record, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, sýnir að hægt sé að nota vegstærðir eins og fjölda akreina, breidd vegaxla, upplýsingar um gatnamót, láréttar og lóðréttar hönnunarstærðir, auk árdagsumferðar á gagnlegan hátt til að meta fjölda umferðarslysa. Greinin sýnir einnig að það er tölfræðilega mikilvægt að taka misleitni vegbúta til greina og að betri niðurstöður fást með slembistuðlagreiningu en með líkani með föstum stuðlum.
Önnur greinin, birtist í Safety Science, skýrir frá mögulegu kerfi til að velja líkön fyrir mat á umferðaröryggi. Kerfið sem er kynnt tengir saman aðferðir sem byggjast á netgreiningu, einföldum samanburði slysatalna, fjölbreytugreiningum með föstum stuðlum og fjölbreytugreiningum með slembnum stuðlum sem eru viðbætur við Highway Safety Manual bókina. Greinin birtir samanburðarrannsókn á þessum aðferðum byggt á matsatriðum eins og möguleikum aðferðarinnar að tengjast við netgreiningu, gagnaþörf aðferðanna og spágetu. Greinin sýnir mikilvægi þess að hafa skýrt kerfi þar sem hægt er að velja hentug líkön fyrir slysaspá. Niðurstöðurnar benda til að líkönin sem eru metin í þessari ritgerð geti bætt líkönin í Highway Safety Manual bókinni.
Síðasta greinin, birtist í Accident Analysis and Prevention, bætir við rannsókn þar sem líkanið er metið sérstaklega fyrir 21 mismunandi flokk umferðarslysa, þ.e. eftir a) heildarfjöldi slysa eftir gatnamóta tegund, b) alvarleika, c) fjölda ökutækja í slysinu, og d) tegund óhapps. Greinin sýnir að hægt er að bæta greiningu vegbúta með tilliti til umferðaröryggis og styrkja hönnunarferlið og forgangsröðun verkefna með því að kanna ekki bara heildarfjölda allra slysa, heldur einnig kanna líkön þar sem slysafjöldanum er skipt niður í slysaflokka.
Í viðbót við þessar þrjár vísindagreinar þá lýkur ritgerðinni á samantekt sem byggist á heildrænu mati á niðurstöðum allra greinanna og þar sem bent er á leiðir til frekari rannsókna. Einnig, þá eru tillögur settar fram sem byggjast á niðurstöðum úr fjórðu greininni sem birtist í Analytic Methods in Accident Research.Rannsóknarsjóður Háskóla Íslands / University of Iceland Research Fun
Communicative participation in Parkinson’s Disease: effect of cognition, motor functioning and speech intelligibility
No full textCommunicative participation is often affected in people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD)— and it is has been shown that an individual’s speech intelligibility, cognitive and motor functioning are related to their level of communicative participation. However, to date, much of the evidence for these relationship has commonly been demonstrated using self-report and questionnaires tools. Whether these same relationships would exist if objective measures of these variables were undertaken is not known. Therefore, the present study sought to examine the relationship between communicative participation and objective measures of speech intelligibility, cognition and motor functioning in PD.
Eighty-two people with PD completed the Communication Participation Item Bank (CPIB), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale – Motor subtest (UPDRS-III), and provided a sample of connected speech. To gain a measure of speech intelligibility, 30 healthy listeners completed a speech perception experiment in which they rated the intelligibility of each individual with PD. A backward stepwise regression analysis, with the CPIB rating as the dependent variable, showed that the communicative participation of the participants with PD was significantly predicted by MoCA and UPDRS-III scores, but not by speech intelligibility. Together, the MoCA and UPDRS-III scores explained 26% of the variance in the CPIB scores (F=12.38, p < 0.01, Adj.R2 = 0.26). The findings highlight the role of cognition and motor functioning as significant contributors to communicative participation in people with PD. Clinically, these results point to the need to consider the cognitive and motor functioning of the individual when determining the need for intervention
Quantum Computational Complexity and Symmetry
No full textTesting the symmetries of quantum states and channels provides a way to assess their usefulness for different physical, computational, and communication tasks. Here, we establish several complexity-theoretic results that classify the difficulty of symmetry-testing problems involving a unitary representation of a group and a state or a channel that is being tested. In particular, we prove that various such symmetry-testing problems are complete for BQP (bounded-error quantum polynomial time), QMA (quantum Merlin-Arthur), QSZK (quantum statistical zero-knowledge), QIP(2) (two-message quantum interactive proofs), QIP_EB(2) (two-message quantum interactive proofs restricted to entanglement-breaking provers), and QIP (quantum interactive proofs), thus spanning the prominent classes of the quantum interactive proof hierarchy and forging a non-trivial connection between symmetry and quantum computational complexity.
Finally, we prove the inclusion of two Hamiltonian symmetry-testing problems in QMA and QAM, while leaving it as an intriguing open question to determine whether these problems are complete for these classes.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Modeling and Sizing of Conventional and Electrical Environmental Control Systems
No full textEnvironmental control system holds vital importance as it is responsible for passenger’s ventilation and comfort. This paper presents modelling and sizing of the parameterized model of environmental control systems. Knowledge based engineering application serves as the base for designing and methodology for the environmental control systems. Flexibility in the model enables user to control the size and positioning of the system and also sub-systems associated with it. Number of passengers serves as the driving input for the environmental control system. A 3-d model gives the exact representation with respect to volume occupied and dependencies on the number of passengers. It also provides a faster method to alter the system to user needs with respect to number of air supply pipes, number of ducts and pipe length. Knowledge based engineering gives the freedom to visualize various options in the conceptual design process.</p
Virtual staining and segmentation of nuclei and membrane from quantitative phase
No full text<p>These models are used to analyze the data reported in the following preprint:<br><strong>Mantis: high-throughput 4D imaging and analysis of the molecular and physical architecture of cells</strong></p>
<p>The virtual staining models predict nuclei and cell membranes from quantitative phase images. The quantitative phase images are computed from the defocused transmitted light microscopy stacks using <a href="https://github.com/mehta-lab/recOrder" target="_blank" rel="noopener">recOrder</a>. <br><br>The predicted nuclei and membrane can be segmented with a variety of instance segmentation models. We share CellPose models for the segmentation of nuclei and cell membranes.</p>
<h2>Virtual Staining</h2>
<p>Make a new python environment and install the version of VisCy (v0.1.0a0) used for the mantis preprint.<br>For a detailed installation guide, see the <a href="https://github.com/mehta-lab/VisCy/blob/v0.1.0a0/README.md#installing-viscy">GitHub repository</a>.</p>
<p><br><code># This will also install Cellpose</code><br><code>pip install "viscy[metrics] @ git+https://github.com/mehta-lab/[email protected]"</code></p>
<p>Run inference of cell nuclei and plasma membrane by modifying the input and output Zarr store paths in <code>./viscy_model/predict.yml</code>.<br>See the <a href="https://github.com/mehta-lab/VisCy/blob/v0.1.0a0/docs/usage.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener">usage guide</a> in the repository.</p>
<h2>Segmentation</h2>
<p>To segment nuclei with our fine-tuned Cellpose model, use the following Python snippet:</p>
<p><br><code>from cellpose.models import CellposeModel</code><br><code>model = CellposeModel(model_type="./cellpose_model/CP_20220902_NuclFL")</code><br><code>segments = model.eval(...)</code><br><br></p>
<p>Refer to the <a href="https://cellpose.readthedocs.io/">Cellpose documentation</a> for API/GUI usage.</p>
Effect of Co-administration of Ketoconazole on Attainment of Desired Blood Concentration of Tacrolimus in Renal Transplant Recipients: Ketoconazole impact on tacrolimus in renal transplant
No full textAchieving and maintaining optimal tacrolimus trough levels for immunosuppression is challenging in kidney transplant patients due to its narrow therapeutic index. Ketoconazole is known for inhibiting the drug efflux activity of P-glycoprotein and CYP3A enzymes, which are involved in tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. Therefore, there is a need to investigate tacrolimus–ketoconazole coadministration. The study aims to assess the effect and safety of tacrolimus-ketoconazole coadministration in renal transplant recipients. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee (IHEC/2023/038) to conduct an ambispective observational study on 14 renal transplant recipients. Tacrolimus total daily dose (TDD) and trough levels were measured before and after initiating oral ketoconazole. The concentration/dose (C0/D) ratio was calculated, followed by safety assessments, including blood counts and renal function tests. Statistical analyses employed paired t-tests, and the significance level was <0.05. Coadministration resulted in a significant 102.45% increase in tacrolimus trough levels (p<0.001) and a 2.19% reduction (p=0.33) in TDD. The C0/D ratio showed a mean increase of 127.74%. Blood counts remained within normal ranges, but a significant decrease in sodium (p=0.01) and an increase in potassium (p=0.03) were observed within the normal range. Tacrolimus-ketoconazole co-administration in renal transplant recipients demonstrated a substantial elevation in tacrolimus trough levels, suggesting a potential strategy for achieving therapeutic concentrations without escalating tacrolimus doses. Despite significant changes in sodium and potassium, they remained within acceptable ranges, supporting the safety of this coadministration strategy
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