14 research outputs found
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Men's Football team, 1985
No full textFront Row: Kenyon C., Lynch K., Coakely D., Farland R., Devlin P., McNeil C., Hanson N., Mullins R., Perry K., St. Cyr J., Head Coach Bob Weiss; Second Row: Cahill C., Nolan S., Rogers C., Park S., MacDonald R., Watts R., Bernier D., Gathy A., Hargreaves D., Hurley W., Engert G., Carr R.; Third Row: Farland S., Oriuch J., Lebel L., Murray P., Souza D., WHoley J., Hatfiled., Dudzinski J., Piispanen M., Tilton P., Donze J.; Fourth Row: Scier J., Bienkowski., Normandin K., Noonan W., Petersen T., Reagan S., Smith B., Lamont S., Rogers J., Llodra M., Crispo M., Carlson P.; Fifth Row: Bradford L., Elkington E., PLank J., Dogert D., Washer G., Gendrou, Bunker C., Whitney G., Ferrari C., Clappin P., Merrow K., McDonald W.; Sixth Row: Hearrin D., Pedersen T., Buckler K., Graveline S., Chaput J., Johnson J., Hoering B., Rouse W., Eliason J., Flory M., Sabourin N., Sleath M.; Seventh Row: Hall R., Sweeney J., Burke M., Frommer R., Hedley J., Mango S., Smith D., Quinn P., Rhodes R., Crisafulli J., Connolly P., Perkins B.; Eighth Row: Coach Tom Croew, Donovan D., Jesi J., Coach Chrlie Butterfield, Visintainer M.; Not Pictured: Coach John Hartnet
Mixed Martial Arts As A Way To God?
No full textIn lieu of an abstract, below is the essay\u27s first paragraph.
Jay Coakely, a prominent sport sociologist, has explored the links between religion and sport. Many avid sports fans insist that sport participation or viewing is their religion, and Coakley explores how this concept may not be far from the truth. Both have places for communal gatherings – religions have churches, temples, and mosques, sports have stadiums, ball fields, and arenas. Both have rituals before, during, and after events – religions have baptisms, opening hymns, and processions, sports have national anthems, initiations, and tailgating. The use of organizing structures, the disciplined nature of both, and the sharing of common values can be seen in sport and religion. A final area that shows this similarity between religion and sport is that ―both evoke intense emotions and give meaning to people‘s lives‖ (Coakley, 2009, p. 519). It is this final linkage that has become the foundation for a new mix of sport and religion, Christian based Mixed Martial Arts
GMM Estimation of Autoregressive Roots Near Unity with Panel Data
No full textThis paper investigates a generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to the estimation of autoregressive roots near unity with panel data. The two moment conditions studied are obtained by constructing bias corrections to the score functions under OLS and GLS detrending, respectively. It is shown that the moment condition under GLS detrending corresponds to taking the projected score on the Bhttacharyya basis, linking the approach to recent work on projected score methods for models with infinite numbers of nuisance parameters (Waterman and Lindsay, 1998). Assuming that the localizing parameter takes a non-positive value, we establish consistency of the GMM estimator and find its limiting distribution. A notable new finding is that the GMM estimator is super-consistent (i.e., has convergence rate faster than root n) when the true localizing parameter is zero (i.e., when there is a panel unit root) and the deterministic trends in the panel are linear.
Increase in transmitted resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Europe
No full textBackground: One out of ten newly diagnosed patients in Europe was infected with a virus carrying a drug resistant mutation. We analysed the patterns over time for transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) using data from the European Spread program.Methods: Clinical, epidemiological and virological data from 4317 patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection between 2002 and 2007 were analysed. Patients were enrolled using a pre-defined sampling strategy.Results: The overall prevalence of TDRM in this period was 8.9% (95% CI: 8.1-9.8). Interestingly, significant changes over time in TDRM caused by the different drug classes were found. Whereas nucleoside resistance mutations remained constant at 5%, a significant decline in protease inhibitors resistance mutations was observed, from 3.9% in 2002 to 1.6% in 2007 (p = 0.001). In contrast, resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) doubled from 2.0% in 2002 to 4.1% in 2007 (p = 0.004) with 58% of viral strains carrying a K103N mutation. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these temporal changes could not be explained by large clusters of TDRM.Conclusion: During the years 2002 to 2007 transmitted resistance to NNRTI has doubled to 4% in Europe. The frequent use of NNRTI in first-line regimens and the clinical impact of NNRTI mutations warrants continued monitoring. © 2014 Frentz et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
The development of a relationship marketing framework that captures the delivery of value in entrepreneurial SMEs
No full textThere are a number of environmental pressures facing SMEs and the high failure rates
amongst young SMEs highlights the need for research to develop a framework that will
permit SMEs to achieve growth with a minimal risk of failure. This research will show
that both relationship marketing and entrepreneurship have significantly contributed to
allowing entrepreneurial SMEs to pursue a low risk strategy of growth through pursuing
a customer retention, development and targeted acquisition strategy. To understand the
nature of entrepreneurial SMEs and the factors influencing growth.
The author cites literature that argues entrepreneurship is not an 'absolute' and thus
believes that less entrepreneurial firms have the potential to learn from their more
successful counterparts. Whilst this does offer some specific management suggestions,
the author also recognises that the task is not an easy one, for the SME has not only to
create an internal culture that is capable of embracing relationship marketing but one that
also enables it to act in an entrepreneurial fashion. Despite these challenges the author
will capitalise on the research findings to develop a framework for successfully adopting
relationship marketing and entrepreneurial behaviour, to assist SMEs to overcome the
hurdle of high failure rate amongst SMEs.
The research has focused on the business services industry, since this sector is
experiencing the highest growth. In the main this sector covered printing, marketing
services and computer services, and so would be offering clients both a pure service and a
product / service mix. Additionally this sector because of its service nature would have a
high contact with its customer base. A sampling frame was developed that resulted in
identifying 102 SMEs in West Yorkshire (UK) that met the criteria for selection. An
initial quantitative survey was administered that provided statistical evidence that
entrepreneurial SMEs had a greater relationship marketing orientation. The results from
the survey were further investigated through in-depth semi structured interviews to reveal
a richer picture of the phenomenon
Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe
No full textBackground: International travel plays a role in the spread of HIV-1 across Europe. It is, however, not known whether international travel is more important for spread of the epidemic as compared to endogenous infections within single countries. In this study, phylogenetic associations among HIV of newly diagnosed patients were determined across Europe. Results: Data came from the SPREAD programme which collects samples of newly diagnosed patients that are representative for national HIV epidemics. 4260 pol sequences from 25 European countries and Israel collected in 2002–2007 were included. We identified 457 clusters including 1330 persons (31.2% of all patients). The cluster size ranged between 2 and 28. A number of 987 patients (74.2%) were part of a cluster that consisted only of patients originating from the same country. In addition, 135 patients (10.2%) were in a cluster including only individuals from neighboring countries. Finally, 208 patients (15.6%) clustered with individuals from countries without a common border. Clustering with patients from the same country was less prevalent in patients being infected with B subtype (P-value <0.0001), in men who have sex with men (P-value <0.0001), and in recently infected patients (P-value =0.045). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the transmission of HIV-1 in Europe is predominantly occurring between patients from the same country. This could have implications for HIV-1 transmission prevention programmes. Because infections through travelling between countries is not frequently observed it is important to have good surveillance of the national HIV-1 epidemics
Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe
No full textBackground. Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance patterns may influence the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, guidelines recommend drug resistance testing to guide the choice of initial regimen. In addition to optimizing individual patient management, these baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to be surveyed for public health purposes. The SPREAD program systematically collects data to gain insight into TDR occurring in Europe since 2001. Methods. Demographic, clinical, and virological data from 4140 antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals from 26 countries who were newly diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. Evidence of TDR was defined using the WHO list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations. Prevalence of TDR was assessed over time by comparing the results to SPREAD data from 2002 to 2007. Baseline susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was predicted using the Stanford HIVdb program version 7.0. Results. The overall prevalence of TDR did not change significantly over time and was 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%-9.5%) in 2008-2010. The most frequent indicators of TDR were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations (4.5%), followed by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.9%) and protease inhibitor mutations (2.0%). Baseline mutations were most predictive of reduced susceptibility to initial NNRTI-based regimens: 4.5% and 6.5% of patient isolates were predicted to have resistance to regimens containing efavirenz or rilpivirine, respectively, independent of current NRTI backbones. Conclusions. Although TDR was highest for NRTIs, the impact of baseline drug resistance patterns on susceptibility was largest for NNRTIs. The prevalence of TDR assessed by epidemiological surveys does not clearly indicate to what degree susceptibility to different drug classes is affected
Transmission of HIV drug resistance and the predicted effect on current first-line regimens in Europe
No full textBackground. Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance patterns may influence the outcome of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, guidelines recommend drug resistance testing to guide the choice of initial regimen. In addition to optimizing individual patient management, these baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to be surveyed for public health purposes. The SPREAD program systematically collects data to gain insight into TDR occurring in Europe since 2001. Methods. Demographic, clinical, and virological data from 4140 antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals from 26 countries who were newly diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 were analyzed. Evidence of TDR was defined using the WHO list for surveillance of drug resistance mutations. Prevalence of TDR was assessed over time by comparing the results to SPREAD data from 2002 to 2007. Baseline susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was predicted using the Stanford HIVdb program version 7.0. Results. The overall prevalence of TDR did not change significantly over time and was 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%-9.5%) in 2008-2010. The most frequent indicators of TDR were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations (4.5%), followed by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations (2.9%) and protease inhibitor mutations (2.0%). Baseline mutations were most predictive of reduced susceptibility to initial NNRTI-based regimens: 4.5% and 6.5% of patient isolates were predicted to have resistance to regimens containing efavirenz or rilpivirine, respectively, independent of current NRTI backbones. Conclusions. Although TDR was highest for NRTIs, the impact of baseline drug resistance patterns on susceptibility was largest for NNRTIs. The prevalence of TDR assessed by epidemiological surveys does not clearly indicate to what degree susceptibility to different drug classes is affected. © The Author 2015
Limited cross-border infections in patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe
No full textBackground: International travel plays a role in the spread of HIV-1 across Europe. It is, however, not known whether international travel is more important for spread of the epidemic as compared to endogenous infections within single countries. In this study, phylogenetic associations among HIV of newly diagnosed patients were determined across Europe.Results: Data came from the SPREAD programme which collects samples of newly diagnosed patients that are representative for national HIV epidemics. 4260 pol sequences from 25 European countries and Israel collected in 2002-2007 were included.We identified 457 clusters including 1330 persons (31.2% of all patients). The cluster size ranged between 2 and 28. A number of 987 patients (74.2%) were part of a cluster that consisted only of patients originating from the same country. In addition, 135 patients (10.2%) were in a cluster including only individuals from neighboring countries. Finally, 208 patients (15.6%) clustered with individuals from countries without a common border. Clustering with patients from the same country was less prevalent in patients being infected with B subtype (P-value <0.0001), in men who have sex with men (P-value <0.0001), and in recently infected patients (P-value =0.045).Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the transmission of HIV-1 in Europe is predominantly occurring between patients from the same country. This could have implications for HIV-1 transmission prevention programmes. Because infections through travelling between countries is not frequently observed it is important to have good surveillance of the national HIV-1 epidemics. © 2013 Frentz et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Increase in transmitted resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors among newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Europe
No full textBackground: One out of ten newly diagnosed patients in Europe was infected with a virus carrying a drug resistant mutation. We analysed the patterns over time for transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) using data from the European Spread program.Methods: Clinical, epidemiological and virological data from 4317 patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection between 2002 and 2007 were analysed. Patients were enrolled using a pre-defined sampling strategy.Results: The overall prevalence of TDRM in this period was 8.9% (95% CI: 8.1-9.8). Interestingly, significant changes over time in TDRM caused by the different drug classes were found. Whereas nucleoside resistance mutations remained constant at 5%, a significant decline in protease inhibitors resistance mutations was observed, from 3.9% in 2002 to 1.6% in 2007 (p = 0.001). In contrast, resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) doubled from 2.0% in 2002 to 4.1% in 2007 (p = 0.004) with 58% of viral strains carrying a K103N mutation. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these temporal changes could not be explained by large clusters of TDRM.Conclusion: During the years 2002 to 2007 transmitted resistance to NNRTI has doubled to 4% in Europe. The frequent use of NNRTI in first-line regimens and the clinical impact of NNRTI mutations warrants continued monitoring. © 2014 Frentz et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
