403 research outputs found
Targeting malaria transmission: erythrocyte remodeling by Plasmodium falciparum in gametocyte-host interplay
No full textContains fulltext :
127238.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 10 juni 2014Promotor : Sauerwein, R.W. Co-promotor : Alano, P
Il primo scontro alano-mongolo nel Caucaso
No full textNell'articolo vengono prese in esame le fonti per il primo scontro alano-mongolo nel Caucaso Centrale. Particolare attenzione è rivolta alla datazione del passaggio mongolo per il Caucaso ed all'itinerario seguito dalle truppe di Jebe e Subedej
Sfera infinita e sfera intellegibile: immaginazione e conoscenza di Dio nel Libro dei XXIV filosofi e in Alano di Lilla
No full textLa prima testimonianza della fortuna della proposizione II del Libro dei ventiquattro filosofi “Deus est sphaera infinita cuius centrum est ubique, circumferentia nusquam” (“Dio è una sfera infinita il cui centro è ovunque e la circonferenza in alcun luogo”) sembra trovarsi in alcuni scritti di Alano di Lilla. Rappresentante della ‘teologia assiomatica’ medievale, Alano è un poliedrico e prolifico maestro di teologia, attivo, prima a Parigi poi nel sud della Francia, nella seconda metà del 1100. Ispirato tanto dalla tradizione di teologia negativa pseudodionisiana ed eriugeniana e dall’ermetismo dell’Asclepio quanto dalla metafisica e dalla teologia ‘razionali’ degli Opuscoli teologici di Severino Boezio e del relativo commento di Gilberto di Poitiers, Alano di Lilla fa uso più volte nei suoi scritti della figura della sfera applicandola principalmente, anche se non esclusivamente, a Dio. La definizione di Dio data da Alano che qui interessa è “Deus est sphera intellegibilis cuius centrum ubique circumferentia nusquam”, che appare come regola VII nelle Regulae caelestis iuris del maestro: molto simile, ma non identica, alla proposizione II del Libro dei ventiquattro filosofi. Alano non solo sostituisce l’aggettivo ‘intellegibilis’ a ‘infinita’ nella proposizione ma nel commento alla regola e nel Sermo de sphaera intellegibili la interpreta in modo considerevolmente diverso rispetto al Liber. L’articolo mette a confronto il modo in cui il Liber XXIV philosophorum e Alano di Lilla presentano le rispettive definizioni di Dio come sfera e cerca di individuare il senso filosofico delle differenze rilevabili. L’attenzione è posta in particolare sulla diversità delle posizioni a proposito dell’uso dell’immaginazione in teologia, favorevole quella del Liber, contraria quella di Alano
Ecological and evolutionary response of Tethyan planktonic foraminifera to the middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO) from the Alano section (NE Italy)
No full textThe enigmatic middle Eocene climatic optimum (MECO) is a transient (~500kyr) warming event that significantly interrupted at ~40 Ma the long-term cooling through the middle and late Eocene, eventually resulting in establishment of permanent Antarctic ice-sheet. This event is still poorly known and data on the biotic response are so far scarce. Here we present a detailed planktonic foraminiferal analysis of the MECO interval from a marginal basin of the central-western Tethys (Alano section, northeastern Italy). The expanded and continuous Alano section provides an excellent record of this event and offers an appealing opportunity to better understand the role of climate upon calcareous plankton evolution. A sapropel-like interval, characterized by excursions in both the carbon and oxygen bulk-carbonate isotope records, represents the lithological expression of the post-MECO event in the study area and follows the δ18O negative shift, interpreted as representing the MECO warming.High-resolution quantitative analysis performed on both >38 μm and >63 μm fractions reveals pronounced and complex changes in planktonic foraminiferal assemblages indicating a strong environmental perturbation that parallels the variations of the stable isotope curves corresponding to the MECO and post-MECO intervals. These changes consist primarily in a marked increase in abundance of the relatively eutrophic subbotinids and of the small, low-oxygen tolerant Streptochilus, Chiloguembelina and Pseudohas-tigerina. At the same time, the arrival of the abundant opportunist eutrophic Jenkinsina and Pseudoglobigerinella bolivariana, typical species of very high-productivity areas, also occurs. The pronounced shift from oligotrophic to more eutrophic, opportunist, low-oxygen tolerant planktonic foraminiferal assemblages suggests increased nutrient input and surface ocean productivity in response to the environmental perturbation associated with the MECO. Particularly critical environmental conditions have been reached during the deposition of the sapropel-like beds as testified by the presence of common giant and/or odd morphotypes. This is interpreted as evidence of transient alteration in the ocean chemistry.The enhanced surface water productivity inferred by planktonic foraminiferal assemblages at the onset of the event should have resulted in heavier δ13C values. The recorded lightening of the carbon stable isotope preceding the maximum warmth therefore represents a robust indication that it derives principally by a conspicuous increase of pCO2. The increased productivity of surface waters, also supported by geochemical data, may have acted as mechanism for pCO2 reduction and returned the climate system to the general Eocene cooling trend. The oxygen-depleted deep waters and the organic carbon burial following the peak of the MECO event represent the local response to the MECO warming and suggest that high sequestration of organic matter, if representing a widespread response to this event, might have contributed to the decrease of pCO2 as well. Though the true mechanisms are still obscure, several lines of evidence indicate a potential pressure on planktonic foraminiferal evolution during the MECO event including permanent changes besides transient and ecologically controlled variations
Alano di Lilla: dalla metafisica alla prassi
No full textIn questo lavoro si esamina la solidità dell'opera di fondazione della teologia, o'' supercelestis
scientia, operata nelle opere di Alano di Lilla (sec XII). Nella prima parte, iniziando dall'analisi del
rapporto tra la scienza teologica e le scienze empirico-tecniche, o artes, si individua anzitutto quale
potesse essere il significato del termine sdentici agli occhi di Alano. L'influenza del testo
aristotelico degli Analitici II pare determinante a che il senso per il quale Alano chiami la teologia
sdentici coincida col significato del termine presente nel testo di Aristotele: un sapere necessario
fondato su assiomi incontrovertibili. La teologia alaniana viene così a possedere una torte vicinanza
con la filosofia prima aristotelica, tanto più che entrambe presentano V intellectus come facoltà
conoscitiva a loro intimamente relata. Si esamina quindi l'influenza che Boezio e la sua metafisica,
centrata sulle molteplici manifestazioni della realtà formale, hanno avuto nella determinazione del
significato della teologia alaniana, che si conferma pertanto essere in realtà la metafisica o filosofia
prima. Nella seconda parte si affronta il senso per il quale la metafisica alaniana si volge in prassi:
partendo dall'affermazione di un tale fondamento inconcusso. Alano disegna la prassi come
l'operato della metafisica volto a combattere l'Errore in tutte le sue forme. Sul piano della realtà, la
lotta all'Errore diviene la lotta ai Vizi presente nell'Anticlaudianus. così come la lotta alle eresie nel
Cantra haereticos. Sul piano conoscitivo, essa diviene la lotta contro il fraintendimento delle
operazioni semnatiche fondamentali della teologia e contro l'abuso di una posizione dominante nei
suoi confronti ad opera delle artes. A coronamento di questa grande visione a carattere
universalistico. Alano formula pure un embrione di filosofia politica, immaginando l'instaurazione
di una monarchia filosofia retta da un filosofo-re. Se non riesce nell'opera di fondazione di un sapere
necessario e autofondato a causa dell'assenza deWelenchos e della semantizzazione
dell'essere, Alano riesce non di meno a definire la metafisica come superamcnto originario del
naturalismo e come pensiero trascendentale in vista dell'Intero del senso.
In this work the author examines whether Alain of Lille's (XIIth century) claim to have built a
theological science that is both necessary and self-founded proves right or not. In the Part One. the
various meanings that the term scientia could possess in Alan's eyes are examined, and it seems
certain that Alan had drawn his idea of theology as a scientia from Aristotle's own conceptions set
in his Posterior Analytics. Thus Alan's scientia is a necessary science built on incontrovertible
axioms, which masters the other forms of knowledge and organizes them in a coherent whole. Also
the meaning of the notion of intellectus proves decisive to the setting of Alan's argument. The other
great source for Alan's thought comes to be the influence he draws from the boethian writings and
their dealing with the meaning of "form'. In the Part Two, Alan's metaphysics, or theology, turns to
have a practical meaning, which is no less necessary for its full understanding. Being the Truth,
Thelogy involves itself in a open fight against the Error in all of its possible manifestations. At the
level of concrete reality this fight is the war against the Vices sung in the Anticlaudianus. and
against the heresies in the Contra haereticos; at the level of gnoseology. it's against the
misunderstanding of theology's basic semantic operations and the abuse made by placing- the other
forms of knowledge in a dominant position to its disadvantage. A political vision embracing the
establishment of a kind oi' a platonic philosophical monarchy completes the picture. Even though
Alan's efforts fail in founding a science that is really necessary and self-founded because of the
absence of the elenchos and of a semantization of being, they nonetheless succeed in defining
metaphysics as the overcoming of naturalism and as a philosophical consideration of the whole of
the semantic field
Proposal for the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Priabonian Stage (Eocene) at the Alano section (Italy)
No full textThe base of the Priabonian Stage is one of two stage boundaries in the Paleogene that remains to be formalized. The Alano section (NE Italy) was elected by consensus as a suitable candidate for the base of the Priabonian during the Priabonian Working Group meeting held in Alano di Piave in June 2012. Further detailed research on the section is now followed by a formal proposal, which identifies the base of a prominent crystal tuff layer, the Tiziano bed, at meter 63.57 of the Alano section, as a suitable candidate for the Priabonian Stage. The choice of the Tiziano bed is appropriate from the historical point of view and several bio-magnetostratigraphic events are available to approximate this chronostratigraphic boundary and guarantee a high degree of correlatability over wide geographic areas. Events which approximate the base of the Priabonian Stage in the Alano section are the successive extinction of large acarininids and Morozovelloides (planktonic foraminifera), the Base of common and continuous Cribrocentrum erbae and the Top of Chiasmolithus grandis (nannofossils), as well as the Base of Subchron C17n.2n and the Base of Chron C17n (magnetostratigraphy). Cyclostratigraphic analysis of the Bartonian-Priabonian transition of the Alano section as well as radioisotopic data of the Tiziano tuff layer provide an absolute age (37.710 – 37.762 Ma, respectively) of this bed and, consequently, of the base of the Priabonian Stage
Organic Carbon Burial following the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in the central - western Tethys
No full textWe present trace metal geochemistry and stable isotope records for the middle Eocene Alano di Piave section, NE Italy, deposited during magnetochron C18n in the marginal Tethys Ocean. We identify a 500 kyr long carbon isotope perturbation event we infer to be the middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) confirming the northern hemisphere expression and global occurrence of MECO. Interpreted peak climatic conditions are followed by the rapid deposition of two organic rich intervals (3\% TOC) and contemporaneous positive C excursions. These two intervals are associated with increases in the concentration of sulphur and redox-sensitive trace metals, and low concentrations of Mn, as well as coupled with the occurrence of pyrite. Together these changes imply low, possibly dysoxic, bottom water O conditions promoting increased organic carbon burial. We hypothesize that this rapid burial of organic carbon lowered global {\it p}CO following the peak warming and returned the climate system to the general Eocene cooling trend
La presenza di Alano da Lilla negli antichi commenti alla «Commedia»
No full textIl presente contributo offre una ricognizione delle occorrenze di Alano da Lilla, poeta e teologo del XII secolo, nei commenti trecenteschi alla «Commedia». Diversi critici moderni hanno visto nel Doctor Universalis un modello per il poema, ma nessuno studio sul tema si è mai preoccupato di valutare se Alano fosse considerato, se non come un predecessore, quantomeno come un autore affine a Dante dai contemporanei. Dall’indagine emerge che i primi commentatori, pur citando Alano, non ne dimostrano una conoscenza profonda, confondendone spesso l’identità e le opere e menzionandolo solo sporadicamente come un’auctoritas fra le altre senza particolare rilievo. Unica, ma importante eccezione è Pietro Alighieri, che dedica una significativa attenzione all’«Anticlaudianus» in relazione alla «Commedia» soprattutto per quanto riguarda la struttura allegorica delle due opere.The present article retraces the occurrences of the 12th-century poet and theologian
Alan of Lille in the first commentaries on the Commedia. Several modern scholars have
pointed to the Doctor Universalis as a model for the poem; however, no previous study attempted to evaluate if Alan was considered, if not a precursor, at least an author akin to
Dante by his contemporaries. The survey reveals that the first commentators, while occasionally citing Alan, did not have a solid knowledge of the author, as they often confused
his identity and works and mentioned him only sporadically, as a mere auctoritas among
the others. There is only one exception, but a relevant one: Pietro Alighieri dedicated significant attention to the relationship between the Anticlaudianus and the Commedia, especially regarding the allegorical structure of the two works
“Anybody Should Follow Their Own Footsteps”: An Interview with Pietro Alano
No full textPietro Alano (26 May 1959) is Principal Investigator at Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy. After his Ph.D. (University of Milan, 1986) on the bacteriophage-E. coli interplay he entered molecular parasitology (Woods Hole course Biology of Parasitism, 1986; University of Edinburgh, 1987-1991) and joined ISS in 1991. Over the past 30 years Pietro’s team has investigated genetics, cell biology and development of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and human and mosquito host-parasite interactions. This work, described in over 90 publications, generated ‘omics’ datasets, molecular tools and transgenic lines recently used in anti-parasite transmission drug discovery and development of innovative P. falciparum diagnostics tools. What comes below is an interview with Pietro Alano (PA) conducted by Mostafa Pourhaji (MP)
Cloning and characterisation of a Plasmodium falciparum homologue of the Ran/TC4 signal transducing GTPase involved in cell cycle control (Erratum vol. 65, pg 331-8, 1994)
No full textINSERM-EPFLRefers to: Cloning and characterisation of a Plasmodium falciparum homologue of the Ran/TC4 signal transducing GTPase involved in cell cycle control / Sultan, A. A. ; Richardson, W. A. ; Alano, P. ; Arnot, D. E. ; Doerig, C. / Molecular and biochemical parasitology, vol. 65, num. 2, 1994, p. 331-
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