39 research outputs found
Assessment of socio-economic deprivation impact on breast cancer prognosis : results of a case-control study
No full textContexte : Les inégalités sociales de santé représentent un problème de santé publique considérable. Dans le cadre du cancer du sein, la précarité est associée au pronostic. En effet, une relation entre précarité géographique et stade au diagnostic a été établie dans la littérature. Cependant, à ce jour, aucune étude n'a encore analysé l'association de ce dernier à la précarité individuelle. Objectifs : Les objectifs de ce travail de recherche sont (1) d'estimer le risque de cancer du sein de stade avancé associé à la précarité individuelle, (2) d'étudier l'impact des facteurs pouvant modifier ce risque, (3) d'évaluer la robustesse de l'association face au choix de la mesure de précarité. Population et méthode : Les données sont issues d'une étude cas-témoins. Les Cas et les Témoins de l'étude ont été recrutés parmi les patientes de l'Hérault atteintes de cancers du sein invasifs diagnostiqués entre 2011 et 2012. Les Cas correspondent aux patientes présentant un cancer du sein de mauvais pronostic (taille de tumeur supérieure à 5cm, ou atteinte ganglionnaire ou atteinte métastatique) et les Témoins aux patientes présentant des cancers de bon pronostic (taille de tumeur inférieure à 5cm et aucune atteinte ganglionnaire et aucune atteinte métastatique). Au total 604 patientes ont été incluses : 173 Cas et 431 Témoins. L'exposition à la précarité a été recueillie par un questionnaire standardisé. Résultats : Les patientes précaires ont, toutes variables égales par ailleurs, 2 fois plus de risque d'avoir un cancer de stade avancé comparée aux patientes non précaires. La précarité n'est associée à aucun autre facteur biologique (grade SBR, types histologique et moléculaire). Chez les patientes asymptomatiques (diagnostiquées suite à un dépistage) les patientes précaires ont plus de risque d'avoir des cancers de stade avancé. Chez les femmes avec un antécédent familial de cancer du sein tout comme chez les femmes vivant dans une zone géographique favorisée, les patientes précaires et non-précaires ont le même risque de cancer de stade avancé. Comparé aux autres mesures de l'environnement socio-économique (classe sociale, précarité géographique…), le score EPICES semble la méthode de mesure la plus adaptée pour étudier l'association entre précarité et stade au diagnostic. Conclusion : Nos résultats suggèrent que les écarts observés entre les patientes précaires et les patientes non-précaire semblent être plutôt liés à retard au diagnostic plutôt qu'à des différences biologiques entre les tumeurs. Ce retard au diagnostic semble dépendre de composantes individuelles mais aussi collectives. De plus, une meilleure connaissance du cancer du sein pourrait permettre de réduire les barrières supplémentaires vécues par les précaires.Context: Socio-economic inequalities in health represent a significant public health problem. In the breast cancer context, socio-economic deprivation is associated with prognosis. Indeed, a relationship between area-based deprivation and diagnostic stages was already described in the international literature. However, the association between individual deprivation and diagnostic stages was not study so far.Objectives: Our aim was to (1) estimate the risk of advanced breast cancer associated with individual socio-economic deprivation, (2) study the impact of modifying factors, (3) evaluate the strength of this association according to the method used to measure deprivation.Population and methods: Data were collected from a Case-Control study. Cases and Controls were recruited among invasive breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2012 in the Hérault. Cases were defined as patients with poor prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size over 5cm, or with lymph node involvement, or with metastasis). Controls were defined as patients with good prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size under 5cm, and without lymph node involvement, and without metastasis). A total number of 604 patients were included: 173 Cases and 431 Controls. The exposition to deprivation was measured by a standardized questionnaire.Results: Deprived patients, with all other variables remaining constant, have a two-fold risk of having advanced breast cancer compared to non-deprived patients. Deprivation was not associated with the other biological factors (SBR grade, histologic and molecular type). Among asymptomatic patients (diagnosed after a mammographic screening), deprived patients have a higher risk of advanced breast cancer. Among women with family history of breast cancer so as women living in affluent geographic areas, deprived and non-deprived patients have the same risk of advanced breast cancer. Compared to other measures of socio-economic environment (social class, area-based deprivation…), EPICES score seems to be the most adapted method to study the association between deprivation and breast cancer diagnostic stages.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the gap observed between deprived and non-deprived patients seem to be associated with delayed diagnosis more than biological differences between tumors. This delayed diagnosis seems depend on individual and geographic components. Moreover, a better knowledge of breast cancer could allow a reduction of the barrier experienced by deprived women
Pogrzeb Mattea Ricciego SJ (1552–1610) w Historiae Sinarum Imperii Tomasza Szpota Dunina: Kulturowa interakcja
No full textThe article analyzes the circumstances of the funeral of the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci, who died in Beijing in 1610. The author emphasizes the cultural complexity of this event and explores the broad cultural and religious context of China’s collision with Western civilization. Using historical and cultural analysis methods, mainly based on Historiae Sinarum Imperii by Tomasz Szpot Dunin, the author examines Confucian funeral ceremonies, their social and cultural significance, and their impact on cultural rapprochement between the East and West. The practices are compared with Western traditions, analyzing similarities and differences. Special attention is given to how Christianity and Confucianism contributed to Ricci’s unique funeral ceremony, combining elements of both cultures. The article highlights Ricci’s controversial figure and his significant impact on understanding and acceptance between cultures, with his funeral symbolizing harmony between Eastern and Western traditions, demonstrating how respect for local practices can transform intercultural relations.W artykule analizowane są okoliczności pogrzebu włoskiego jezuity Mattea Ricciego, zmarłego w Pekinie w 1610 r. Autor podkreśla złożoność kulturową tego wydarzenia i opierając się na najnowszych badaniach, eksploruje szeroki kontekst kulturowy oraz religijny zderzenia cywilizacji Chin z Zachodem. Wykorzystując metody analizy historycznej i kulturowej, głównie na podstawie Historiae Sinarum Imperii Tomasza Szpota Dunina, autor bada ceremonie pogrzebowe w tradycji konfucjańskiej, ich znaczenie społeczne i kulturowe, a także wpływ na zbliżenie kulturowe między Wschodem a Zachodem. Porównuje te praktyki z zachodnimi tradycjami, analizując różnice i podobieństwa. Szczególna uwaga poświęcona jest temu, jak chrześcijaństwo i konfucjanizm przyczyniły się do unikalnej formy ceremonii pogrzebowej Ricciego, łączącej elementy obu kultur. Artykuł podkreśla, że kontrowersyjna postać Ricciego miała istotny wpływ na zrozumienie i akceptację między kulturami, a jego pogrzeb stał się symbolem harmonii między tradycjami Wschodu i Zachodu, demonstrując, jak szacunek dla lokalnych praktyk może przekształcić relacje międzykulturowe
Keeping It Real in the Hills: Representing Appalachia in Americana Music
No full textKEEPING IT REAL IN THE HILLS: REPRESENTING APPALACHIA IN AMERICANA was led by leading author, journalist and media personality Craig Havighurst and panelists radio producer Kris Truelsen, artist Kathy Mattea, artist Amythyst Kiah, and music educator Ted Olson. The topic of discussion was the state of old-time and Appalachian folk music and its sounds today, and the making of Kathy Mattea’s album Calling Me Home
Addiction to pornography : analysis of the clinical picture and treatment options
No full textPosljednja dva desetljeća mnogobrojni znanstvenici pišu o fenomenu bihevioralnih ovisnosti,
unutar kojih svrstavamo i ovisnost o pornografiji. Osim zbog razvoja saznanja o bihevioralnim
ovisnostima, tema ovisnosti o pornografiji značajna je i zbog činjenice da socijalno
distanciranje koje je trenutno prisutno u društvu te nagli napredak tehnologije i lakoća pristupa,
povećavaju vjerojatnost razvoja ovog tipa ovisničkog ponašanja. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada
jest, pregledom domaće i strane, stručne i znanstvene literature, sistematizirati informacije i
postojeće znanstvene spoznaje na temu ovisnosti o pornografiji, a u svrhu unaprjeđivanja
socijalnopedagoške znanosti i prakse. U radu se kroz pregled koji započinje definicijom i
terminologijom, preko kliničke slike i instrumenata, prevalencije i načina pristupa
pornografskom sadržaju, korelatima, rizičnim čimbenicima i posljedicama uporabe dolazi do
mehanizma razvoja ovisnosti te tretmanskih i preventivnih mogućnosti djelovanja stručnjaka
kao i zaključka autorice rada. Najbitniji zaključci rada odnose se na to da je ovisnost o
pornografiji, nova, nedovoljno jasno definirana, no sve češća problematika među odraslom i
adolescentskom populacijom. Naglašena je važnost posljedica ponašanja na pojedinca jer
upravo one čine razliku između normalnog i patološkog. Autorica ističe važnost bavljenja ovom
problematikom među stručnjacima pomažućih profesija, najviše u području prevencije razvoja
težih oblika problema.In the last two decades, numerous scientists have been writing about the phenomenon of
behavioral addictions, including addiction to pornography. In addition to the development of
knowledge about behavioral addictions, the topic of pornography addiction is also significant
since the social distancing that is currently present in society and the rapid progress of
technology and ease of access increases the likelihood of developing this type of addictive
behavior. The goal of this thesis is to systematize information and existing scientific knowledge
on the topic of addiction to pornography, to improve social-pedagogical science and practice,
by reviewing domestic and foreign professional and scientific literature. In the paper, through
an overview that begins with definitions and terminology, through the clinical picture and
instruments, prevalence and methods of access to pornographic content, correlates, risk factors
and consequences of use, the mechanism of addiction development and the treatment and
preventive actions of experts, as well as the author's conclusion, are reached. The most
important conclusions of the work refer to the fact that pornography addiction is a new, vaguely
defined, but increasingly common problem among the adult and adolescent population. The
importance of the consequences of behavior on the individual is emphasized, because it is
precisely these that make the difference between normal and pathological. The author points
out the importance of dealing with this issue among experts in the helping professions,
especially in the area of prevention of the development of more severe forms of the problem
The translation of dialogues in suspense novels: a personal translation of Elizabeth Day's "Magpie"
No full textopenLo scopo della presente tesi è analizzare le dinamiche dei dialoghi nei romanzi di suspense (thriller), in particolare le problematiche principali che il traduttore deve affrontare nel processo di traduzione da una lingua all'altra (in questo caso dall'inglese all'italiano). Attraverso l'analisi della traduzione personale di alcuni stralci del thriller psicologico / domestic noir "Magpie" dell'autrice inglese Elizabeth Day, si dimostrara come la teoria della traduzione può essere applicata alla traduzione dei dialoghi. Si tenta anche di sottolineare come la traduzione dei dialoghi sia importante per mantenere un alto livello di tensione nei romanzi appartenenti a questo genere.The aim of this thesis is to understand the dynamics of dialogues in suspense novels, in particular the main issues the translator might have to face during the translation from one language into another one (in this case from English into Italian). Through the analysis of the personal translation of some dialogue excerpts from the psychological thriller/domestic noir "Magpie" by the British author Elizabeth Day, I would like to show how the theory of translation can be applied to the translation of dialogues. I will also try to underline the importance of the translation of dialogues to maintain a high level of tension in the narration of this genre
Three essays on stated choice experiments for nonmarket valuation of landslide protection
No full textThis thesis consists of three essays that improve the general understanding of the public demand for safety programmes in the context of natural hazards. With the growing importance of this topic around the world, this study provides a practical and methodological contribution to the literature on Environmental Economics and Policy, especially local policy.
In particular, this research examines people’s preferences and their willingness-to-pay for landslide mitigation programmes. The primary aim is to assess how the residents of and visitors to a mountain valley in the Alps value and trade off the multiple attributes of protection programmes for landslide risk reduction by applying Discrete Choice Modelling methodology. To address the current needs of local decision-makers, the investigation of the determinants of preference heterogeneity is the central theme of the research. The study is based on a panel choice dataset created from a Discrete Choice Experiment, based on full ranking, administered in person by the author to 250 respondents in the Boite Valley, Italy.
The first essay examines the stability of preferences, investigating to what extent additional information has an impact on estimated values. Specifically, it studies whether respondents adjust their preferences based on scientific information provided on one specific attribute. A mixed logit model in willingness-to-pay space is implemented to account for preference heterogeneity. The findings suggest that respondents perceive the existing protection measures as insufficient. The provision of information affects only the attribute subject to additional information and the consideration of the current status of protection. Preferences for the other attributes remained stable. Preliminary evidence of spatial heterogeneity is also detected.
The second essay addresses the issue of the stability of parameter estimates obtained through simulation using choice models with latent variables. Specifically, it analyses the stability of the coefficients to the number of simulation draws and the increasing number of latent variables. Three Random Parameter logit models with respectively one, two and three latent variables are fitted with six sets of increased numbers of draws. The landslide risk perceptions of respondents are modelled as latent sources of heterogeneity in the consideration of the riskiest scenario. Overall, the results show very stable estimates for the attributes’ coefficients but not for the latent variables. Thus, increasing the complexity by adding more latent factors into the model implies the necessity of additional draws in the simulation process to ensure empirical identification. The results also show how preferences are strongly related to the underlying perceptions of own mortality risk due to landslides and risk severity.
The third essay explores multiple sources of preference heterogeneity, accounting for its spatial determinants. It emerges that the inclusion of more observables allows for a better segmentation of the policy based on respondents’ and municipalities’ characteristics. The findings show the importance of distinct spatial effects, such as geographical characteristics, spatial error components for road tracts and site-specific choice-sets, with relevant insights into the priority of intervention. In addition, residual unobserved heterogeneity is analysed at a higher hierarchical scale using spatial models at the municipality level.
Overall, the empirical results of this thesis provide important policy implications for local decision-makers in charge of public safety, given the relevant information on the distributional effects of protection across different groups of beneficiaries
Creation of an androgynous female knight in Tredici canti del Floridoro by Moderata Fonte
No full textAutorka artykułu analizuje, w jaki sposób Moderata Fonte wykreowała Risamante na kobietę-rycerza w Tredici canti del Floridoro. Włoska pisarka, korzystając z dorobku poprzednich epok oraz inspirując się głównie Rolandem zakochanym Mattea Boiarda oraz Orlandem szalonym Ludovica Ariosta, postanowiła napisać własny epos, w którym zaprezentowała nowy typ bohaterki renesansowej: androgyniczną rycerkę, posiadającej zarówno cechy stereotypowo kobiecie, jak i męskie.The author of the article analyzes how Moderata Fonte characterised Risamante as an androgynous female knight in Tredici canti del Floridoro. The Italian woman writer, inspired by Matteo Maria Boiardo’s Orlando Innamorato and Ludovico Ariosto’s Orlando furioso, decided to write her own chivalric romance, in which she presented a new perspective on literary women warriors: Risamante is a protagonist in which female and male elements coexist harmoniously; that is not stigmatized by society, which allows her to express her androgynous personality
Prognostic Relevance of Viable Circulating Tumor Cells Detected by EPISPOT in Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in breast cancer patients is currently performed in many clinical trials, using different technologies, in particular the EpCAM-dependent CellSearch® system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and prognostic relevance of viable CTC in a large cohort of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.Methods: A total of 254 MBC patients were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study at first diagnosis of metastatic disease or disease progression (before the start of a new treatment regimen). After EpCAM-independent enrichment, viable CTC releasing cytokeratin-19 as an epithelial cell marker were detected in the peripheral blood by an EPISPOT assay, and the Food and Drug Administration cleared CellSearch was used as the reference method.Results: Using the EPISPOT assay, CTC were detected in 59% of MBC patients. The overall survival (OS) was linked with the CTC status measured by EPISPOT (P = 0.0191), which allowed stratification of MBC patients in low- and high-risk groups. This stratification could be improved by addition of the CTC status assessed by the CellSearch system. In multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, the 3 methods used to determine the level of CTC (EPISPOT, CellSearch, and combination of EPISPOT/CellSearch) were compared by the Bayesian information criterion method. Interestingly, the combination of the EPISPOT and CellSearch assays was the strongest predictor of OS (hazard ratio, 22.6; 95% CI, 2.8-184.08).Conclusions: This is the first study in which CTC detection using the EPISPOT assay was evaluated on a large cohort of MBC patients, showing prognostic relevance of the presence of viable CTC
Baseline survey of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor-resistant kochia (Bassia scoparia) in western Canada
No full textKochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] is a problematic tumbleweed that has been reported resistant to five herbicide sites-of-action. Recently, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor-resistant kochia was documented in Saskatchewan (2021) and North Dakota (2022). However, its frequency and distribution remain unknown. Screening with saflufenacil (50 g ai haThe presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Controlled Epstein-Barr virus reactivation after allogeneic transplantation is associated with improved survival
No full textInternational audienceEpstein–Barr virus reactivation (EBV-R) frequently occurs in patients having allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We evaluated the impact of controlled EBV-R on survival of 190 patients (114M/76F, median age: 51 yr, range 18–69), having HSCT for hematological malignancies (105 acute leukemias and myelodysplasias, 71 lymphoproliferative disorders, 14 others). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between patients with and without EBV-R. Of 138, patients had reduced-intensity conditioning regimen. Various stem cell sources (141 PB, 33 umbilical cord blood and 16 bone marrow) were used. Patients with EBV-R had longer PFS and OS than those without EBV-R: PFS at 2 yr 69% vs. 51% and at 5 yr 47% vs. 38% (P < 0.04); OS at 2 yr 76% vs. 64% and at 5 yr 63% vs. 47%) (P < 0.001). The use of rituximab had no impact on OS and PFS, but it reduced the intensity of GVHD, despite the fact that TRM was not significantly different between the two groups of patients. So, rituximab may have an additional effect to other factors on PFS and OS. In multivariate analysis, antithymocyte globulin administration was not a significant factor for PFS (P = 0.68) and for OS (P = 0.81). Circulating NK cells were significantly increased by 22% (P = 0.03) in EBV-R patients with no differences for other parameters. Controlled EBV-R in the setting of HSCT is associated with better OS and PFS, with a significant increase in circulating NK cells
