137,587 research outputs found
Omega-3 Index and Sudden Cardiac Death
No full textSudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unresolved health issue, and responsible for 15% of all deaths in Western countries. Epidemiologic evidence, as well as evidence from clinical trials, indicates that increasing intake and high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protect from SCD and other major adverse cardiac events. Levels of EPA+DHA are best assessed by the Omega-3 Index, representing the red cell fatty acid content of EPA+DHA. Work is in progress that will further define the value of the Omega- 3 Index as a risk factor for SCD, other cardiac events, and as target for treatment with EPA+DHA
Midnight sector observations of auroral omega bands
No full textWe present observations of auroral omega bands on 28 September 2009. Although generally associated with the substorm recovery phase and typically observed in the morning sector, the features presented here occurred just after expansion phase onset and were observed in the midnight sector, dawnward of the onset region. An all‐sky imager located in northeastern Iceland revealed that the omega bands were ∼150 × 200 km in size and propagated eastward at ∼0.4 km s−1 while a colocated ground magnetometer recorded the simultaneous occurrence of Ps6 pulsations. Although somewhat smaller and slower moving than the majority of previously reported omega bands, the observed structures are clear examples of this phenomenon, albeit in an atypical location and unusually early in the substorm cycle. The THEMIS C probe provided detailed measurements of the upstream interplanetary environment, while the Cluster satellites were located in the tail plasma sheet conjugate to the ground‐based all‐sky imager. The Cluster satellites observed bursts of 0.1–3 keV electrons moving parallel to the magnetic field toward the Northern Hemisphere auroral ionosphere; these bursts were associated with increased levels of field‐aligned Poynting flux. The in situ measurements are consistent with electron acceleration via shear Alfvén waves in the plasma sheet ∼8 RE tailward of the Earth. Although a one‐to‐one association between auroral and magnetospheric features was not found, our observations suggest that Alfvén waves in the plasma sheet are responsible for field‐aligned currents that cause Ps6 pulsations and auroral brightening in the ionosphere. Our findings agree with the conclusions of earlier studies that auroral omega bands have a source mechanism in the midtail plasma sheet
Canadian Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior of Omega-3 Products
No full textThe development of innovative functional food products is a major trend in today’s food industry. The growth of this industry is driven by increased consumer awareness of their own health deficiencies, increased understanding of the possible health benefits of functional foods, development in formulation technologies, a positive regulatory environment, and changing consumer demographics and lifestyles. While there has been a proliferation of omega-3 products such as milk, eggs, yogurt, and margarine in the Canadian food market, very little is known about consumers of these products. We use ACNielsen Homescanâ„¢ data combined with survey data to develop profiles of omega-3 consumers in Canada. The focus of the study is on consumers of four products: omega-3 milk, omega-3 yogurt, omega-3 margarine, and omega-3 eggs. We investigate whether there are significant differences between consumers and non-consumers of omega-3 products based on their age, income, education, and household composition. We also investigate whether a household’s use of Canada’s Food Guide and the Nutrition Facts table and consideration of the health benefits of food influences the decision to purchase omega-3 products. The results from the ordered probit model estimation show that the aging Canadian population is a major driver of omega-3 purchases. Also, the presence of children in the home increases the purchasing frequency of omega-3 yogurt and omega-3 margarine, and reading the Nutrition Facts table and considering the health benefits of food are important factors that affect omega-3 product purchases.Consumer/Household Economics, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,
Observations of omega bands using an imaging riometer.
No full textWe present a case study of an omega band cur- rent system from 11 May 1998 using data from the Imaging Riometer for Ionospheric Studies (IRIS) in Finland. For the first time, images of a substorm-related omega band in cos- mic noise absorption are shown. The substorm in question was one of a string that occurred on that day; inspection of geostationary satellite data indicates that this was a sawtooth event. Using a previously established statistical relationship, the IRIS data is used to provide maps of Hall conductance and compared with previous estimates utilising both HF and VHF coherent-scatter radars. Discrepancies are discussed with reference to precipitation spectrum and the geometry of the experimental set-up. The imaging riometer data provides a higher spatial resolution than the combined magnetometer- radar pairing for determining the Hall conductance and can also be used to identify the extent of the precipitation in the absence of optical data
ROLE OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ON POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION
No full textIntroduction: Women in child-bearing age are at risk of postpartum depression. Several drugs have been introduced for treatment, but because of their side effects and also breast feeding women's desire for dietary complements rather than chemical drugs. This study has been done to determine effect of omega-3 fatty acids on postpartum depression in women referring to health care centers affiliated to Tabriz medical university in 2008.
Methods and Materials: This study was a double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial, which was done on 120 women with postpartum depression, who had included criteria's. First by using Edinburgh postnatal depression scale in women who gave birth 2 weeks to 3 months before,
postpartum depression approved; for determining the severity of depression, Beck depression Inventory scale was used. Women with mild to moderate depression who had a score ≤ 46 on the (BDI) enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 1gr of Omega-3
capsules for 8 weeks. Severity of depression was measured before treatment and weekly during treatment in both groups. The data was analyzed, T-Test, repeated measurements of one way ANOVA and chi square test in SPSS 14/Win.
Results: There were no significant differences between two groups with respect to demographic characteristics. Results show that mean depression scores before treatment in omega-3 group (35.4 + 9.2) was decreased after treatment (17.7+7.0), and there was significant difference (p<0.0005). Mean depression scores before treatment in placebo group (34.2+3.4) decreased after treatment
(33.6+9.3).there wasn't significant difference (p=0.57). There was significant deference between reductions of depression scores in two groups.
Conclusion: Use of omega-3 1gr/day for 8 weeks decreases postpartum depression
Multi-instrument observations of the electric and magnetic field structure of omega bands
No full textHigh time resolution data from the CUTLASS Finland radar during the interval 01:30±03:30 UT on 11 May, 1998, are employed to characterise the ionospheric electric field due to a series of omega bands extending ~5° in latitude at a resolution of 45 km in the meridional direction and 50 km in the azimuthal direction. E-region observations from the STARE Norway VHF radar operating at a resolution of 15 km over a comparable region are also incorporated. These data are combined with ground magnetometer observations from several stations. This allows the study of the ionospheric equivalent current signatures and height integrated ionospheric conductances associated with omega bands as they propagate through the field-of-view of the CUTLASS and STARE radars. The high-time resolution and multi-point nature of the observations leads to a refinement of the previous models of omega band structure. The omega bands observed during this interval have scale sizes ~500 km and an eastward propagation velocity ~0.75 km/s. They occur in the morning sector (~05 MLT), simultaneously with the onset/intensification of a substorm to the west during the recovery phase of a previous substorm in the Scandinavian sector. A possible mechanism for omega band formation and their relationship to the substorm phase is discussed
The effects of dietary intervention on HIV dyslipidaemia : a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground
Efficacy of dietary intervention for treatment and prevention of HIV-related lipid disturbances has not been well established.
Methods
We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases supplemented with manual searches and conference abstracts, without language restriction. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with blood lipid outcomes, involving dietary intervention or supplementation for the treatment or prevention of adult HIV dyslipidaemia, versus no or other intervention were included. Two authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators, extracted data independently.
Results
Eighteen studies (n = 873) met our inclusion criteria. Seven RCTs for omega-3 supplementation (n = 372), and four RCTs for dietary intervention (n = 201) were meta-analysed using random-effects models. Mild statistical heterogeneity was observed. Dietary intervention reduced triglyceride levels by −0·46 mmol/l (95%CI: −0·85 to −0·07 mmol/l) compared to control. Omega-3 supplementation reduced triglyceride levels by −1.12 mmol/l, (95%CI: −1·57 to −0·67 mmol/l) and total cholesterol, −0·36 mmol/l (95%CI: −0·67 to −0·05 mmol/l) compared to placebo/control.
Conclusions
Both omega-3 supplementation and dietary intervention reduced triglyceride level, with the latter possibly to a smaller extent. While dietary interventions are beneficial, more stringent dietary approaches may be necessary to fully address lipid disturbances in HIV patients
Electrodynamics of an omega-band as deduced from optical and magnetometer data
No full textWe investigate an omega-band event that took place above northern Scandinavia
around 02:00–02:30 UT on 9 March 1999. In our analysis we use ground based
magnetometer, optical and riometer measurements together with satellite based
optical images. The optical and riometer data are used to estimate the
ionospheric Hall and Pedersen conductances, while ionospheric equivalent
currents are obtained from the magnetometer measurements. These data sets are
used as input in a local KRM calculation, which gives the ionospheric
potential electric field as output, thus giving us a complete picture of the
ionospheric electrodynamic state during the omega-band event.
The overall structure of the electric field and field-aligned current (FAC)
provided by the local KRM method are in good agreement with previous studies.
Also the E×B drift velocity calculated from the local
KRM solution is in good qualitative agreement with the plasma velocity
measured by the Finnish CUTLASS radar, giving further support for the new
local KRM method. The high-resolution conductance estimates allow us to
discern the detailed structure of the omega-band current system. The highest
Hall and Pedersen conductances, ~50 and ~25 S, respectively, are
found at the edges of the bright auroral tongue. Inside the tongue,
conductances are somewhat smaller, but still significantly higher than
typical background values. The electric field shows a converging pattern
around the tongues, and the field strength drops from ~40 mV/m found at
optically dark regions to ~10 mV/m inside the areas of enhanced
conductivity. Downward FAC flow in the dark regions, while upward currents
flow inside the auroral tongue. Additionally, sharp conductance gradients at
the edge of an auroral tongue are associated with narrow strips of intense
FACs, so that a strip of downward current flows at the eastern (leading) edge
and a similar strip of upward current is present at the western (trailing)
edge. The Joule heating follows the electric field pattern, so that it is
diminished inside the bright auroral tongue
Mesoscale ionospheric electrodynamics of omega bands determined from ground-based electromagnetic and satellite optical observations
No full textInternational audienceWe present ground-based electromagnetic data from the MIRACLE and BEAR networks and satellite optical observations from the UVI and PIXIE instruments on the Polar satellite of an omega band event over Northern Scandinavia on 26 June 1998, which occured close to the morning side edge of a substorm auroral bulge. Our analysis of the data concentrates on one omega band period from 03:18-03:27 UT, for which we use the method of characteristics combined with an analysis of the UVI and PIXIE data to derive a time series of instantaneous, solely data-based distributions of the mesoscale ionospheric electrodynamic parameters with a 1-min time resolution. In addition, the AMIE method is used to derive global Hall conductance patterns. Our results show that zonally alternating regions of enhanced ionospheric conductances ("tongues") up to ~60S and low conductance regions are associated with the omega bands. The tongues have a poleward extension of ~400km from their base and a zonal extension of ~380km. While they are moving coherently eastward with a velocity of ~770ms-1, the structures are not strictly stationary. The current system of the omega band can be described as a superposition of two parts: one consists of anticlockwise rotating Hall currents around the tongues, along with Pedersen currents, with a negative divergence in their centers. The sign of this system is reversing in the low conductance areas. It causes the characteristic ground magnetic signature. The second part consists of zonally aligned current wedges of westward flowing Hall currents and is mostly magnetically invisible below the ionosphere. This system dominates the field-aligned current (FAC) pattern and causes alternating upward and downward FAC at the flanks of the tongues with maximum upward FAC of ~25µA m-2. The total FAC of ~2MA are comparable to the ones diverted inside a westward traveling surge. Throughout the event, the overwhelming part of the FAC are associated with gradients of the ionospheric conductances, and 66-84% of the FAC are connected with ionospheric Hall currents
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