1,370 research outputs found
Ingrid Ylva och tornet i Bjälbo
No full textThe article discusses the background to the erection of the huge church tower in Bjälbo, Östergötland, Sweden. It also focuses on medieval women as founders of churches. The author maintains that new dendrochronological dating of the tower could mean that founder of this building piece was not one of the male members of the important Bjälbo dynasty, but Ingrid Ylva the mother of Birger Jarl
Ingrid Winterbach: Novelist (Interview)
No full textWinner of the prestigious Hertzog Prize for Literature for Niggie (2002)Ingrid Winterbach is the author of eight novels, three of which have been translated into English and two into Dutch. The translation of her fourth novel, Karolina Ferreira (1993) as The Elusive Moth (2005), and subsequently, Niggie as To Hell with Cronjé (2007) and Die boek van toeval en toeverlaat (2006) as The Book of Happenstance (2008), have brought this author to the attention of a wider South African readership
7. When They Left
No full textFigure 7.1 The author, Ingrid Griffith (right) with her sister Dawn (left) and brother Oliver (center) in December 1968. Their maternal grandmother had taken them to Skevelair’s Photo Studio in Georgetown, Guyana to pose in the church outfits their parents, who had recently migrated to the United States, had sent for Christmas. © Griffith Family Collection. Courtesy of Ingrid Griffith. CC BY 4.0. It was one of the worst days of my life. I was seven years old, my sist..
270 - Ingrid Jane Slette
No full textGlobal climate change is causing more extreme droughts, as well as subtler chronic changes in precipitation patterns. Both chronic and extreme precipitation change can alter ecosystem structure and function, and these alterations may affect how systems respond to future extreme climatic events. Understanding how legacies of various past precipitation changes may alter the effects of future extreme droughts will be important for predicting ecosystem responses to climate change. We investigated how ecological legacies of experimentally-imposed chronic and extreme precipitation changes altered the impact of an extreme drought on an economically-important grassland ecosystem.Top Scholars for University-Wide Graduate Programs
Funktionelle Analyse von potententiell aktivierenden FGFR3 Mutationen
No full textAuthor Ingrid Hartl, MScAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 2022Arbeit nach Ablauf der Sperre auf den öffentlichen PCs in den Bibliotheken der JKU+Medizin abrufba
Effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the steroidogenesis of primary neonatal porcine Leydig cells
No full textAfter World War II the production of manmade chemicals has increased immensely. They are made to give desired practical properties and functions. Some are added to consumer products to provide conductivity, increase flame resistance, as plasticizer and some act as both grease and water repellants. Others are widely used as pesticides and fungicides.
A number of these compounds are spread via water, air, soil leading to exposure of living
organisms, including humans. Of particular concern are so-called Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which break down slowly, bio-accumulate in the food web and spread though water and air which make these compounds reach places far from where they have been used or produced.
Since the late 1960s exposures to POPs has been associated with disturbance of the reproductive function of birds and fish affecting the hormone systems. Thinning of bird eggshell due to exposure of the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was one of the earliest published reports to get much publicity. Not long after, DDT was banned as a pesticide in Europe and northern America and comities were formed to protect the environment against POPs with harmful effects. Exposures of POPs occur as complex mixtures of POPs in the environment. One POP alone can have different effect than as part of a mixture of many POPs. Further, POPs can break down to metabolites with more and different effects than the mother substances, which also is shown with DDT and its metabolites.
In Paper I of this thesis, POPs mixtures extracted from fish oil were exposed to unstimulated and LH-stimulated primary neonatal porcine Leydig cells. The endpoints studied were toxicity,
hormone secretion of testosterone (T) and estradiol 17β (E2) in addition to gene expression of selected steroidogenic genes. The three other papers investigated the same endpoints in the same primary cells exposure to the DDT-metabolites; o,p’-DDD, 3-MeSO2-DDE and 3,3’-(bis)MeSO2-DDE. The exception was Paper III, where proteomic analysis was used instead of gene expression. In this article a broad range of proteins were investigated in unstimulated and LH-stimulated cells exposed to 3-MeSO2-DDE. With this we wanted to get closer to an explanation of the effects found in Paper II, and especially why we get increased dose related secretion of hormones in unstimulated cells while reduced secretion was found in LH-stimulated cells.
The target for all of our studies was to investigate the effects on hormone secretion at
concentrations of POPs or DDT-metabolites not related to cell toxicity. Of the DDTvii
metabolites, o,p’-DDD showed toxicity at concentrations ≥10 μM (Paper IV). Some toxicity was also observed in LH-stimulated cells exposed to 3-MeSO2-DDE at concentrations ≥20 μM (Paper II).
This thesis contain studies in which differential or partly differential effects with regard to
hormone secretion were observed with DDT metabolites and POPs mixtures dependent on whether they were stimulated with LH or not. All POPs mixtures from fish oil and DDT
metabolites caused reduced secretion of E2 and T in LH-stimulated Leydig cells while
increased secretion of hormones was found in unstimulated Leydig cells (Paper I-IV).
The expression of selected genes relevant to the steroidogenesis were mainly downregulated in LH-stimulated and unstimulated Leydig cells exposed to the POP mixtures and DDT metabolites (Paper I, II, IV). The genes STAR, CYP11A, HSD3B, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 were most often affected.
In the proteomic study (Paper III) exposing 3-MeSO2-DDE to Leydig cells 145 proteins in LH-stimulated cells and 86 proteins in unstimulated cells were regulated by 3-MeSO2-DDE. Eleven of these proteins were common for each culture condition. This study indicated that multiple pathways were affected by exposure, including mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) signaling, glutathione detoxification. These results can give a base for new mechanistic studies.
Our studies showed that POPs mixtures extracted from fish and the DDT metabolites; o,p’-DDD, 3-MeSO2-DDE and 3,3’-(bis) MeSO2-DDE alters secretion of the hormones E2 and T differently dependent on the presence of absence of LH-stimulation. The Proteomic study (Paper III) indicated that environmental pollutants can affect important cell functions that may indirectly affect hormone secretion of the cell. These results can give grounds for future mechanistic studies
Effekter av persistente organiske miljøgifter på steroidogenesen i primære neonatale Leydigceller fra gris
No full textAfter World War II the production of manmade chemicals has increased immensely. They are made to give desired practical properties and functions. Some are added to consumer products to provide conductivity, increase flame resistance, as plasticizer and some act as both grease and water repellants. Others are widely used as pesticides and fungicides.
A number of these compounds are spread via water, air, soil leading to exposure of living
organisms, including humans. Of particular concern are so-called Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which break down slowly, bio-accumulate in the food web and spread though water and air which make these compounds reach places far from where they have been used or produced.
Since the late 1960s exposures to POPs has been associated with disturbance of the reproductive function of birds and fish affecting the hormone systems. Thinning of bird eggshell due to exposure of the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was one of the earliest published reports to get much publicity. Not long after, DDT was banned as a pesticide in Europe and northern America and comities were formed to protect the environment against POPs with harmful effects. Exposures of POPs occur as complex mixtures of POPs in the environment. One POP alone can have different effect than as part of a mixture of many POPs. Further, POPs can break down to metabolites with more and different effects than the mother substances, which also is shown with DDT and its metabolites.
In Paper I of this thesis, POPs mixtures extracted from fish oil were exposed to unstimulated and LH-stimulated primary neonatal porcine Leydig cells. The endpoints studied were toxicity,
hormone secretion of testosterone (T) and estradiol 17β (E2) in addition to gene expression of selected steroidogenic genes. The three other papers investigated the same endpoints in the same primary cells exposure to the DDT-metabolites; o,p’-DDD, 3-MeSO2-DDE and 3,3’-(bis)MeSO2-DDE. The exception was Paper III, where proteomic analysis was used instead of gene expression. In this article a broad range of proteins were investigated in unstimulated and LH-stimulated cells exposed to 3-MeSO2-DDE. With this we wanted to get closer to an explanation of the effects found in Paper II, and especially why we get increased dose related secretion of hormones in unstimulated cells while reduced secretion was found in LH-stimulated cells.
The target for all of our studies was to investigate the effects on hormone secretion at
concentrations of POPs or DDT-metabolites not related to cell toxicity. Of the DDTvii
metabolites, o,p’-DDD showed toxicity at concentrations ≥10 μM (Paper IV). Some toxicity was also observed in LH-stimulated cells exposed to 3-MeSO2-DDE at concentrations ≥20 μM (Paper II).
This thesis contain studies in which differential or partly differential effects with regard to
hormone secretion were observed with DDT metabolites and POPs mixtures dependent on whether they were stimulated with LH or not. All POPs mixtures from fish oil and DDT
metabolites caused reduced secretion of E2 and T in LH-stimulated Leydig cells while
increased secretion of hormones was found in unstimulated Leydig cells (Paper I-IV).
The expression of selected genes relevant to the steroidogenesis were mainly downregulated in LH-stimulated and unstimulated Leydig cells exposed to the POP mixtures and DDT metabolites (Paper I, II, IV). The genes STAR, CYP11A, HSD3B, CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 were most often affected.
In the proteomic study (Paper III) exposing 3-MeSO2-DDE to Leydig cells 145 proteins in LH-stimulated cells and 86 proteins in unstimulated cells were regulated by 3-MeSO2-DDE. Eleven of these proteins were common for each culture condition. This study indicated that multiple pathways were affected by exposure, including mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) signaling, glutathione detoxification. These results can give a base for new mechanistic studies.
Our studies showed that POPs mixtures extracted from fish and the DDT metabolites; o,p’-DDD, 3-MeSO2-DDE and 3,3’-(bis) MeSO2-DDE alters secretion of the hormones E2 and T differently dependent on the presence of absence of LH-stimulation. The Proteomic study (Paper III) indicated that environmental pollutants can affect important cell functions that may indirectly affect hormone secretion of the cell. These results can give grounds for future mechanistic studies.Etter andre verdenskrig har produksjonen av menneskeskapte kjemikalier økt kraftig. De er skapt for å gi ulike produkter ønskede egenskaper, eksempelvis, strømledende, flammeavstøtende, plastifiserende, fett- og vannavstøtende. I tillegg finnes plantevernmidler som er laget for å hemme eller forebygge angrep av skadedyr, sopp og ugras som skader planter.
Ulempen med mange av disse forbindelsene er at de brytes ned sakte og akkumuleres i næringskjeder. Disse kjemiske forbindelsene kalles gjerne persistente organiske forurensningsstoffer og benevnes gjerne som POPs (engelsk: Persistent Organic Pollutants). Spredning gjennom vann og luft gjør at disse stoffene kan ende opp langt fra steder de er benyttet eller produsert.
Sent på 1960 tallet ble det oppdaget at eksponering for POPs kunne være forbundet med skade på forplantningsevnen hos fugl og fisk. Tynning av fugleskall på grunn av eksponering for plantevernmiddelet dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) var et av de første funnene som fikk mye publisitet. Ikke lenge etter ble DDT forbudt som plantevernmiddel i Europa og NordAmerika, og det ble iverksatt tiltak for å redusere utslipp av POPs med skadelige effekter. POPs forekommer som komplekse blandinger i miljøet. Effekter av disse kan ha andre effekter enn stoffene enkeltvis. POPs blir nedbrutt i varierende grad til metabolitter som kan gi andre effekter enn morsubstansen. Dette er også vist med DDT og dets metabolitter.acceptedVersio
Resensies: Vlam in die sneeu. Die liefdesbriewe van André P. Brink en Ingrid Jonker
No full textBook Title: Vlam in die sneeu. Die liefdesbriewe van André P. Brink en Ingrid JonkerBook Author: Francis Galloway (red.)Kaapstad: Umuzi, 2015. 450 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4152-0881-6. Spesiale uitgawe ISBN: 978-1-4152-0893-9
Studies of boar taint, with an emphasis on testicular function and development
No full textBoar taint is an odour reminiscent of sweat, urine or faeces, perceived as off-flavour when meat from entire male swine is heated. The compunds that cause boar taint are androstenone and skatole/indole. Androstenone is secreted as a testis steroid, while skatole/indole originates in the large intestine. Environmental factors do not have much impact on androstenone levels. Castration is therefore used to eliminate the site of androstenone synthesis. This also influences skatole degradation, which is inhibited by androstenone in the liver. However, surgical castration is being phased out for animal welfare reasons, so that alternative ways of reducing boar taint is needed.
Heritability for androstenone levels is high, so that breeding for lower levels is possible. However, this will only be successful if unwanted side effects can be avoided. Side effects include lower levels of other sexual steroids and delayed sexual maturation in both boars and gilts. Breed differences in adrostenone levels and sexual maturation have also been shown.
The principal aim of this thesis was to investigate the relationships between levels of androstenone and other testis steroids and testis development, including interactions between genotype, phenotype and breed differences.Hanngriser utsondrer en urin-faecal-aktig kroppslukt som gjerne betegnes som rånelukt. Denne kan oppfattes som frastøtende når kjøtt fra hanngriser varmes opp. Lukten fra hanngriser kommer fra skatol/indol og androstenon. Skatol og indol blir dannet i tykktarmen. Nivåene av skatol og indol kan påvirkes av foring og hygienisk standard, men det er også en betydelig arvelig komponent. Vekselvirkninger i leveren gjør at nedbrytingen av skatol påvirkes av androstenon.
Ettersom androstenon dannes sammen med steroidene i testiklene, har det vært vanlig å kastrere griser kirurgisk for å eliminere kjønnslukten. Kastrering ved kirurgisk inngrep fases ut grunnet dyrevernhensyn. Derfor er det etterspørsel etter bærekraftige alternativer for å redusere nivåene av androstenon.
Den høye arveligheten åpner for at nivåer av androstenon kan påvirkes gjennom avl, men slike tiltak kan først forventes når det blir mulig å unngå bieffekter av avlen. Slike bieffekter er lavere steroidnivåer og forsinket kjønnsmodning hos begge kjønn. I tillegg bidrar raseforskjeller for både androstenonnivåer og kjønnsmodning til å komplisere problemstillingen.
Hovedformålet med avhandlingen var å studere forholdet mellom androstenon, andre steroider med opphav i testikkelen og testikkelutvikling. Interaksjoner mellom genotype, fenotype og raseforskjeller var også inkludert.Astri og Birger Torstedts Legat id:2298 and Eivind Eckbos Lega
Arboviral Disease Surveillance, Kansas, 2014
No full text"Report Author: Ingrid C. Garrison"--Page 18.;
"April 21, 2016.";
Includes bibliographical and internet references (page 12)."Arboviruses (arthropod-borne virus) are commonly spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes, ticks, sand flies, or midges. This report focuses on those arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes. West Nile virus is the leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease in the United States and Kansas.
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